The primary nature protection law of kazakhstan

The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted at the people’s referendum in August 30, 1995 guarantees the right to the citizens of the state for healthy environment.  In conformity with the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan our state is developing the nature protection legislation as the system of laws and other standard acts, international and other obligations of the Republic of Kazakhstan which regulate social relations in the field of environment protection as the basis of life and activity of the population.

The legislation in force of the Republic of Kazakhstan comprises of laws; Decrees of the President authorized as law and other standard acts of the President; standard act of the Government; Departmental and other legislative acts; international and other obligations of the Republic of Kazakhstan/ During the years of the state independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan the following legislative acts have been adopted which regulate the matter of environment protection and identify the amenability measures for the damage caused to the biodiversity: - Forest Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated January 23, 1993; - Water Resources Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated March 31, 1993; - Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On protection, reproduction and use of fauna”, dated October 21, 1993; - Decree by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan authorized as Law “On Oil”, dated June 28, 1995; - Decree by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan authorized as Law “On Land”, dated December 22, 1995 - Decree by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan authorized as Law “On Mineral resources and subsurface users”, dated January 27, 1996; - Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On ecological expertise”, dated March 18, 1997; - Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On environment protection”, dated July 15, 1997; - Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On specially protected territories”, dated July 15, 1997

The basic nature protection Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Law “On Environment Protection” determines the law, economic and social principles of environment protection for the interest of the contemporary and future generation and it is called for providing ecological safety, prevention of harmful impact by economic and other activity to the ecological systems, biological diversity

 

3 . The main goal of Concept of Transition of the RK to sustainable development is:

Sustainable development of the country - a development that meets the needs of the present generation and not jeopardize the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
For the Republic of Kazakhstan transition to sustainable development is a necessity. Economic growth through the exploitation of natural resources can only occur at some stage. In modern conditions for the growth and development requires more advanced mechanisms.
Sustainable development is necessary to achieve the objectives of the Strategy of Development of Kazakhstan till 2030. The principle of sustainable development has also laid the basis for a strategy for becoming one of the top fifty most competitive countries designated in the President to the people of Kazakhstan on March 1, 2006.
This concept of Transition of Kazakhstan to Sustainable Development for 2007-2024 (hereinafter - the Concept) defines the vision of the principles, goals, objectives and key mechanisms for achieving sustainability in all areas of the country. This requires that economic, environmental, social and political factors of development are integrated and treated as a single process, aimed at improving the quality of life in Kazakhstan.

The purpose of the Concept is to achieve balance between economic, social, environmental and political aspects of development of Kazakhstan as a basis for improving the quality of life and the country's competitiveness in the long run. To achieve this goal requires the implementation of the following tasks in the field of sustainable development.

The Concept sets down the basics for what will culminate in a deep systemic transformation: a successful transition to a Green Economy by improving welfare and living standards and entering the list of the top 30 most developed countries of the world, accompanied by minimization of the environmental footprint

 

4.Principles of Environmental monitoring

Environmental monitoring describes the processes and activities that need to take place to characterise and monitor the quality of the environment. Environmental monitoring is used in the preparation of environmental impact assessments, as well as in many circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of harmful effects on the natural environment. All monitoring strategies and programmes have reasons and justifications which are often designed to establish the current status of an environment or to establish trends in environmental parameters. In all cases the results of monitoring will be reviewed, analysedstatistically and published. The design of a monitoring programme must therefore have regard to the final use of the data before monitoring starts.

The purpose of this report is to provide general principles for the designand operation of monitoring programsconducted outside the boundary of in­stallations handling radioactive mate­rials. It was prepared by a Task Group j on Environmental Monitoring composedof international experts appointed bythe ICRP. The objectives of environ-mental monitoring are summarized andrecommended policy for achieving theseobjectives is presented in this brief 11-page document. One of the main principles cited in the report is the significance of identifying the critical radionuelide(s), pathway(s), and populationgroup(s) in the planning of a surveil­lance system for any installation.

Several features of this report make it particularly useful to public health personnel involved in establishing cri­teria for the planning, design, or opera­tion of surveillance systems. It is appli­cable to all radiation-source facilities in both routine and emergency situations. While the report does not focus on sur­veys for fallout from nuclear explosives, the guidance presented should prove helpful in the periodic reevaluation of all monitoring programs. Users of the report will find it refreshingly succinct and authoritative.

 

 

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