CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION

UNIT 1

Controlled Practice: Cross-Cultural Awareness

SPEAKING

 

Exercise 1. Read the statements (высказывания) below. Do you agree or disagree with them? Explain your opinion. Use appropriate expressions from the box.

 

Conviction (уверенность)	Personal Opinions	Doubts	Hesitation Phrases	Disagreeing
I strongly believe that...   I'm convinced that...   Without a doubt,   I'm absolutely certain that...   That's just what I've always thought.	In my opinion, …   I personally feel that …   Not everyone will agree with me, but...   To my mind, …   From my point of view, ...	I see the point here, but...   On the other hand, …   That's probably true, but...   I partly agree, but …   I agree up to a point, but …   Frankly (откровенно), I doubt if ...	Well, let me see.   Mmm, I'll have to think about that.   If I understand correctly, ...	I am afraid it isn't true!   I'm afraid I can't agree with that.   I don't see it quite like that. I can't believe it!   Sorry, but I don't agree.

 

1. The problem with communication … is the illusion that it has been accomplished (осуществлено). (George Bernard Show, a famous British playwright - драматург)

2. Every country has its own way of saying things. The important point is that which lies behind people's words. (Freya Stark, a British explorer and travel writer)

3. To be surprised, to wonder (удивляться) is to begin to understand. (Jose Ortega y Gassett, a famous Spanish philosopher)

4. Your business partner's background culture – the way of life he was brought up in (воспитывался)– will affEct his approach to every decision. (John Mattock, a CEO (исполнительный директор) of an international management training consultancy)

5. Language is what we hear, but culture is how we understand. (Dr. Deborah Swallow, an authority on intercultural communication and business practices)

6. The streets of Vienna are paved (вымощены) with culture, the streets of other cities with asphalt. (Karl Kraus, an Austrian writer)

7. The single greatest barrier to business success is the one erected (возведенный) by culture. (Edward T. Hall and Mildred Reed Hall, American anthropologists)

 

Exercise 2. Do the Cultural Awareness Quiz to find out how well you know the cultural peculiarities (особенности) of different countries.

 

Cultural Awareness Quiz

 

Are the statements true or false?

 

1. When invited to dine at a French person’s house, you must bring a good bottle of wine with you.

2. Red is considered to be a colour of good luck in China.

3. The Chinese use their hands to emphasise (подчеркнуть) words or a point when talking.

4. Arabs expect gifts to be opened immediately in front of the giver.

5. In China the family name is written and said first.

6. In Italy you will be judged on your appearance.

7. A clock is a popular gift in China.

8. In some Latin cultures people expect their business partners to be late for a meeting.

9. Number 4 is considered lucky in Japan.

10. In India it is common for men to embrace (обнимать) or hold hands.

 

        

GRAMMAR

Grammar Revision: Tenses

Exercise 3. Match the sentences with the tenses and translate the sentences.

1. I am picking up our business partners at the station at 7 o'clock tonight.	a) Present Simple (timetables/programmes)
2. People see, interpret (толковать) and evaluate (оценивать) things in different ways.	b) Present Continuous (actions which will take place in the near future due to one's previous decision; fixed arrangements in the near future)
3. She has been a member of the Society for Intercultural Education, Training and Research for over 10 years.	c) Present Simple (recurrent - повторяющийся or permanent actions in the present)
4. Сross-cultural training is becoming more important as the business world takes on even more of a global focus.	d) Present Perfect (personal experiences or changes which have happened; actions which happened within a specific time period which is not over at the time of speaking; recently completed actions with visible results in the present)
5. The ferry arrives at 10:00 am.	e) Present Continuous (actions taking place at or around the moment of speaking; going on at the present period, in temporary situations, in changing or developing situations)
6. Eilidh Hamilton, who has recently been living in Syria in the Middle East, speaks on two very different ways of business behaviour.	f) Present Perfect Continuous (an action which began before the moment of speaking and continues into it or up to it; an action which was in progress quite recently and affects the present situation, explains or gives reasons for the state of things at the present moment)
7. They were still discussing the plan at midnight.	g) Past Continuous (a past action in progress interrupted by another past action)
8. They were flying over the Andes when the storm began.	h) Past Simple (a complete action or event which happened at a stated time in the past; a succession of actions in the past)
9. They had been living in the same house for twelve years before they decided to move.	i) Past Perfect (a past action which occurred before another past action or before a stated time in the past)
10. Kate founded the website Culturosity.com to help build awareness of cultural differences.	j) Past Continuous (an action in the middle of happening at a stated past time)
11. She had finished most of the work by the time her boss arrived.	k) Past Perfect Continuous (an action continuing over a period up to a specific time in the past)
12. The ability to work across cultures will become a prerequisite for future generations working in our increasingly global world.	l) Future Perfect (an action which will be finished before a stated future time)
13. By May, he will have been living abroad for six years.	m) Future Continuous (an action in progress at a stated future time; an action which the speaker expects to take place in the future in the natural course of events)
14. If your meeting is face-to-face and you will be traveling abroad, go at least two days before your scheduled meeting.	n) Future Perfect Continuous (duration of an action up to a certain time in the future)
15. They will have made a decision by Friday.	o) Future Simple (predictions for the future, hopes, fears, offers, promises, on-the-spot decisions)

 

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