Methods of educating and teaching : Brainstorm, presentation, work in small groups, discussion, decision of test tasks.

6. Literature:

1. Kenesaryiev U.I., Balmakhaeva R.M., Bekmagambetova Zh.D., Zhakashov N.Zh., Toguzbayeva K.K.. Hygiene: Textbook for institutions of higher learning / Under printing U.I. Kenesaryiev. – Almaty: «Самара-Принт», 2009. - 688 p.

2. Тulebayev R.К., Slazhneva Т.I., Kenesaryiev U.I., Belonog А.А., Korchevskii А.А. An estimation of hygienical risks is in the industrial regions Republic of Kazakhstan. – Almaty: Искандер, 2004. – 374 p.

3. Kenesaryiev U.I., Zhakashov N.Zh. Ecology and human health: Textbook for medical Institutions of higher learning and colleges. Almaty. 2002.- 260 p.

4. Guidance for Human Health Risk Assessment at influence of chemicals contaminating an environment (Р 2.1.10.1920-04), it is ratified by the Main state health-officer RF 05.03.2004 (Guidelines for Human Health Risk Assessment from Environmental Chemicals).

5. Onishenko G.G., Novikov S.М., Rachmanin Y.А., Avaliani S.L., Bushtueva K.А. Bases of risk estimation for the health of population at influence of chemicals contaminating an environment / Under printing Rachmanin Y.А., Onishenko G.G. М.: SRI EH and GE, 2002. - 408 p.

6. Avaliani S.L., Revich B.А., Balter B.М., Gildenskiold S.R., Mishina А.L., Kliushina E.G. Estimation of risk of contamination of environment for the health of population as an instrument of municipal ecological politics is in the Moscow area. Podolsk, 2010. - 309 p.

7. Hygiene /Under printing acad. of RАМS G.I. Rumyancev. - М.: ГЭОТАР МЕДИЦИНА, 2000.-608p.

8. Law of Republic of Kazakhstan: " About a health of people of Republic of Kazakhstan" care, " About sanitary-epidemiology prosperity population of Republic of Kazakhstan". 2007.

Control

1. Initial level of knowledge in the verbal questioning by questions (a competence is knowledge, communicative skills):

- it is determination of danger;

- are classes of dangerous substances;

- it is the stage of hazard identification;

- it is an aim of the stage;

- it is a screening estimation;

- it is necessary information for realization of hazard identification;

- it is a maximum-possible concentration;

- it is a referent dose;

- it is a referent concentration;

- it is classification of the International agency on the study of chasse;

- it is classification of degree well-proven carcinogenicity to a man U.S. EPA;

- factors of carcinogenic potential for per oral and inhalation ways of receipt;

- it is a single risk at inhalation influence;

- it is a coefficient of danger;

- are methods of ranging of compounds;

- it is characterization of uncertainties on the stage of identification

2. Final level of knowledge on results implementation of tasks:

Task №1: to decide a case study (a competence is knowledge, practical and legal skills)

The aim of the stage of hazard identification is establishment of possible threat for a health in the region of КOGCF from the educed chemicals taking into account their ability to harm to the organism.

 

The basic task of the stage is a choice of priority, indicatory chemicals, that allows with sufficient reliability to describe risk levels for the health of population and sources of their origin.

On the first stage with the purpose of exposure of chemicals potentially able to affect health of population, an analysis was conducted taking into account technological processes, the total volumes of extras are certain at volley and regular modes (т/year and g/с), sizes of extras of harmful substances.

According to the form of taking of inventory, the extras of contaminants from the enterprises of Karachaganak Oil and Gas Condensate Field come true by 272 sources among that 164 the organized point and 108 unorganized. All analysis is presented 44 contaminants, thrown out in atmospheric air (Table 1).

Consequently, on the stage of authentication of danger final judgement about priority of the selected substances is done after the preliminary calculation of the forecast levels of contamination by means of design of dispersion of components of extras.

 

Table 1 - List of the contaminants thrown out in an atmosphere on the prospect of development of enterprise

№	Name of substances	Code	Emissions т/year	TRCсс	Rfc	Sfi	HRI	HRIc	Range by HRI	Range by HRIс
1.	Sulphurs dioxide		9857, 425
2.	Carbon oxide		3069, 9791
3.	Nitrogen dioxide		2340, 841
4.	Hydrocarbons of С1-С5		1113, 5417
5.	Nitrogen oxide		403, 1997
6.	Hydrocarbons of С6-С10		381, 0103
7.	Hydrocarbons of С12-19		239, 9359
8.	Methane		125, 0303
9.	Soot		98, 5822
10.	Self-weighted substances		93, 3894
11.	Dust inorg.: SiO2 20-70%		69, 7955
12.	Dust inorg.: low than 20% SiO2		46, 137
13.	Sulphuretted hydrogen		31, 8639
14.	2, 2 '- Oxidediethanol(Diglycol)		9, 7559
15.	Oil mineral		6, 4986
16.	Three(2-гидроксиэтил) amine(Triethanolamine)		6, 4805
17.	Benzol		4, 5885
18.	Мethanol(Alcohol methyl)		3, 8111
19.	Xylol		3, 444
20.	Toluene		2, 8894
21.	2-Methylpropan-1-оl(Alcohol an isobutyl)		2, 4405
22.	Formaldehyde		2, 0394
23.	White-spirit		2, 0025
24.	Iron is oxides		1, 0931
25.	Merkaptan		0, 6154
26.	Muriatic acid		0, 6035
27.	Dust inorg.: SiO2 more than 70%		0, 542
28.	Methylmerkaptan		0, 5107
29.	Dicyclohexilamin badly liquid salt (Inhibitor of corrosion)		0, 4166
30.	Ethanthyol(Ethylmerkaptan)		0, 412
31.	Dimethyldisulfidum		0, 34
32.	Fluorine hydrogen		0, 229
33.	Propan-1-thyol(Пропилмеркаптан)		0, 1886
34.	Dust an abrasive(Corundum white; Monocorundum)		0, 0773
35.	Dust of the thinly ground up rubber vulcanizate from wastes of sole rubbers(THAT-17 RSFSR 03024 83-009-90)		0, 0651
36.	1-Butanthyol (Butylmerkaptan)		0, 0622
37.	Sulphuric acid		0, 042
38.	Manganese oxide		0, 038
39.	Alkylbenzenes on the basis of internal olein С11-14		0, 0359
40.	1-Penthantyol(Amylmerkaptan)		0, 0086
41.	Pentylens(amylens is mixture of isomers)		0, 0055
42.	Ftorid badly liquid.		0, 0026
43.	Benzopyren		0, 0002
44.	Ethylbenzol		0, 0001
	Total:

Questions:

1. Define priority substances on volume of extras.

2. Define carcinogenic substances.

3. Expect individual carcinogenic risks.

4. Expect the coefficients of danger.

5. Range the substance by a danger.

6. Define the orientation of action of every substance.

7. Specify to the vagueness of the stage of authentication of danger.

 

Task №2: To decide a case study (a competence is knowledge, practical and legal skills)

In the region of nuclear test base area " Azgyr" the basic source of drinkable water-supply are mine wells. In connection for the estimation of risk it is necessary to conduct hazard identification from next data.

 

Table 2. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of water mine wells in the region of nuclear test base area " Azgyr"

 

№	Name of substance	Code	Concentration	TRC	Rfd (referent dose)	Sfo (factor of carcinogenic potential) HR	HRi (non-carcin. risk)	HRc (carc. risk)	Range place by HRi	Range place by HRc
1.	Iron		0, 34	0, 3
2.	Copper		0, 09	1, 0
3.	Nickel		0, 00025	0, 1
4.	Zinc		0, 12	5, 0
5.	Manganese		0, 0002	0, 1
6.	Cobalt		0, 0012	0, 1
7.	Mercury		0, 0003	0, 0003
8.	Cadmium		0, 009	0, 001
9.	Lead		0, 19	0, 03
10.	Ammonia		0, 6
11.	Nitrites		0, 5	0, 002
12.	Nitrates		1, 2
13.	Calcium		200, 4	75-200
14.	Magnesium		136, 6
15.	Fluorine		1, 5	0, 7-1, 5

 

Questions:

1. Define priority substances on volume of emissions.

2. Define carcinogenic substances.

3. Expect individual carcinogenic risks.

4. Expect the coefficients of danger.

5. Range the substance on a danger.

6. Define the orientation of action of every substance.

7. Specify to the uncertainties the stage of hazard identification.

 

1. Theme: Estimation of dependence " dose/concentration-response".

2. Aim: Forming of knowledge and skills about the estimation of dependence " dose/concentration-response".

Educational tasks.

- it is forming of knowledge about dependence " dose/concentration-response";

- it is forming of knowledge about the parameters of estimation of non-carcinogenic risks;

- it is forming of skills on application of reviewer levels of influence;

- it is forming of knowledge about the parameters of estimation of carcinogenic risks;

- it is forming of skills for the analysis of uncertainties on the stage of estimation of dependence " dose/concentration-response"

4. Basic questions of theme:

- it is a concept about the stage of estimation of dependence " dose/concentration - response";

- it is an additional(attributive) risk;

- it is a relative risk;

- it is an additional population risk;

- it is an additional stake of population risk.

- are parameters of estimation of non-carcinogenic risks;

- it is application of referent levels of influence;

- are parameters of estimation of carcinogenic risks;

- it is an analysis of uncertaintise on the stage of estimation of dependence " dose/concentration - response"

- it is a choice of parameters of dependence a " dose - response" for the estimation of risk.

5. Methods of educating and teaching: Brainstorm, presentation, work in small groups, discussion, decision of test tasks.

6. Literature:

Basic:

1. Kenesaryiev U.I., Balmakhaeva R.M., Bekmagambetova Zh.D., Zhakashov N.Zh., Toguzbayeva K.K.. Hygiene: Textbook for institutions of higher learning / Under printing U.I. Kenesaryiev. – Almaty: «Самара-Принт», 2009. - 688 p.

2. Тulebayev R.К., Slazhneva Т.I., Kenesaryiev U.I., Belonog А.А., Korchevskii А.А. An estimation of hygienical risks is in the industrial regions Republic of Kazakhstan. – Almaty: Искандер, 2004. – 374 p.

3. Kenesaryiev U.I., Zhakashov N.Zh. Ecology and human health: Textbook for medical Institutions of higher learning and colleges. Almaty. 2002.- 260 p.

4. Guidance for Human Health Risk Assessment at influence of chemicals contaminating an environment (Р 2.1.10.1920-04), it is ratified by the Main state health-officer RF 05.03.2004 (Guidelines for Human Health Risk Assessment from Environmental Chemicals).

Additional:

1. Onishenko G.G., Novikov S.М., Rachmanin Y.А., Avaliani S.L., Bushtueva K.А. Bases of risk estimation for the health of population at influence of chemicals contaminating an environment / Under printing Rachmanin Y.А., Onishenko G.G. М.: SRI EH and GE, 2002. - 408 p.

2. Avaliani S.L., Revich B.А., Balter B.М., Gildenskiold S.R., Mishina А.L., Kliushina E.G. Estimation of risk of contamination of environment for the health of population as an instrument of municipal ecological politics is in the Moscow area. Podolsk, 2010. - 309 p.

3. Hygiene /Under printing acad. of RАМS G.I. Rumyancev. - М.: ГЭОТАР MEDICINE, 2000.-608p.

4. Law of Republic of Kazakhstan: " About a health of people of Republic of Kazakhstan" care, " About sanitary-epidemiology prosperity population of Republic of Kazakhstan". 2007.

Control

1. Initial level of knowledge in the verbal questioning by questions (a competence is knowledge, practical skills):

- it is a concept about the stage of estimation of dependence " dose/concentration - response";

- it is an additional(attributive) risk;

- it is a relative risk;

- it is an additional population risk;

- it is an additional stake of population risk;

- are parameters of estimation of non-carcinogenic risks;

- it is application of referent levels of influence;

- are parameters of estimation of carcinogenic risks;

- it is an analysis of uncertainties on the stage of estimation of dependence " dose/concentration - response"

- it is a choice of parameters of dependence a " dose - response" for the estimation of risk.

2. Final level of knowledge on results implementation of tasks:

Task №1.

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