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Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии |
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Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии |
What stage of life are these people at?Стр 1 из 6Следующая ⇒
ПРАКТИКА УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ (коммуникативное обучение) Методическое пособие для студентов I курса Ч а с т ь I 3-е издание, исправленное IFL
Екатеринбург 2010 УДК 410=20 (075.8) ББК Ш 143.21-923 П 69 Составители: к.ф.н., доцент Асеева Л.А., к.ф.н., доцент Богуславская Е.Л., к.ф.н. Овешкова А.Н., д.ф.н., доцент Шустрова Е.В. Ответственный за выпуск: к.ф.н., доцент кафедры английской филологии и сопоставительного языкознания Овешкова А.Н. Рецензент: К.п.н., старший преподаватель кафедры английской филологии и сопоставительного языкознания Старкова Д.А. Практика устной речи (коммуникативное обучение): Методическое пособие для студентов 1 курса / сост. Л.А. Асеева, Е.Л. Богуславская, А.Н. Овешкова, Е.В, Шустрова; ГОУ ВПО «Урал. гос. пед. ун-т»; Ин-т иностр. языков. – 3-е изд., испр. – Екатеринбург, 2010. – Ч. 1. – 99 с. Цель пособия – способствовать развитию и совершенствованию навыков устной речи на тематической основе. Пособие содержит дополнительный материал по лексическим темам, включая тексты, диалоги, лексико-грамматические упражнения, список лексических единиц, и может считаться УМК учебника английского языка для I курса под редакцией В.Д. Аракина. Данное методическое пособие предназначено для студентов 1 курса Института иностранных языков, а также может быть использовано учителями английского языка и лицами, изучающими английский язык на курсах и самостоятельно.
УДК 410=20 (075.8) ББК Ш 143.21-923
© ГОУ ВПО «Уральский государственный педагогический университет», 2010 © Сост.: Л.А. Асеева, Е.Л. Богуславская, А.Н. Овешкова, Е.В. Шустрова, 2010
Short forms and labels Short forms adj – adjective adv – adverb ant – antonym appr – approving disapr – disapproving e.g. – for example esp – especially etc – etcetera inf – informal n – noun o.-f. – old-fashioned Pl – plural prep – preposition pron – pronoun sb / smb – somebody sth – something syn – synonym U – uncountable US – United States of America v – verb зд. – здесь к.-л. – кто-либо т. д. – так далее ч.-л. – что-либо Labels AmE/Am – American English BrE/Br – British English
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FAMILY LIFE AND WAYS Active Vocabulary
Text I My Family I was born in 1980. Ekaterinburg is my native town. I live here with my family which is rather large. We are eight: my mother, my father, my grandparents and four children. I’m the onlydaughter in the family. I’m 18 (years old). I’m a first-year student of the Pedagogical (Teachers’ Training) University. I study at the Institute of Foreign Languages at the English Department. I’m going to be a teacher of English. My younger brother Victor is of school age: he is 12. He is the youngest in the family and the pet of my parents. He is the very image of my father. He goes to school, he is in the sixth form. My elder brother’s name is Nick. He is five years my senior. Last year he graduated from the Urals State Polytechnical University. He is an engineer now and works at a research institute. He is married and has a family of his own. His wife is a librarian. They bring up two nice children under school age. They are the same age – they are twins. They resemble their parents very much. Every day they are taken to the kindergarten. I’m fond of my little niece and nephew. They are nice children, not spoilt at all. My eldest brother Denis is under thirty, but he is a single man. He is a military man and he calls himself a confirmed bachelor. But not long ago he got acquainted with/met a nice girl, fell in love with her and maybe he’ll propose to her. So hopefully they’ll get married. My father is a businessman. He is very practical andfull of common sense. My mother is a housewife. She keeps house and has plenty of work to do during the day. My grandmother is a teacher, but she doesn’t work at present. She is on pension. My grandfather is about 70 years old, but he doesn’t want to retire from his work. As a matter of fact he is full of life and energy. My great grandparents are not alive. They died many years ago. I have many relatives in Ekaterinburg. My aunt and uncle and my cousin Mary live next door to us. They are very hospitable, and all our relatives often get together in their flat to share the news and to celebrate holidays and family anniversaries.
To graduate from – to finish, leave Older – elder To bring up – to raise
Text II Meet the Clarks Word Study Paraphrase the words and phrases below, use them in sentences of your own:
The Clarks live in a semi-detached house with a garden in London. They are four in the family: the father, Mr. Clark, the mother, Mrs. Clark, and their two children. Mr. Clark is a teacher. He works at London University. He teaches English Literature. He is a quiet man, rather shy, a good listener, not much of a talker. He is in his early forties, a little above medium height. Charles Clark is fond of music. He plays the piano very well. His wife Mary is two years her husband’s junior, tall and slim, with a lovely face. She makes up very little. Mary works in a service industry three days a week. She likes her job, as she gets out of the house more. Charlie is proud of his wife, as she is kind and gentle and cooks perfectly. Their daughter Kitty is a pretty little girl. She takes after her mother. She is eight years old and goes to primary school in London. Her brother Bobby is a dark-haired boy of fifteen. He is not like his sister. He is the spitting image of his father. He is quiet and hard-working. Bobby does well at school and he is going to enter the University of London. He likes to play chess, tennis and football. The Clarks are a friendly family. Their favourite evening entertainment is watching television or video. Their usual hobby is gardening.
Text-oriented Activities 1. Interview Charles (Mary, Bobby, Kitty), asking questions on the text. 2.Pretend you are Charles (Marry, Bobby, Kitty). Speak about your family using the vocabulary from the text above.
Text III There have been many real changes in family life in recent decades. The changes in education, the labour market and benefit system have all had their impact on family life, sometimes causing financial hardship and increased strain on families. Furthermore new forms of housing design, such as high-rise blocks, and new forms of consumption involving indoor activities, such as watching television, have also changed family life. There has been increased strain on family relationships. Families have become more vulnerable. The “primary” relationships within families (husband – wife / or parent / and child) were the most likely to come under strain, and we see some consequences of this in the higher rate of divorce and the greater number of children who have experienced the breakdown of their parents’ relationship and sometimes, in consequence, the breakdown of their own relationship with one of their parents. The most significant change in recent decades has probably been in the increased labour force participation of woman, so that the likelihood now is that married women with dependent children will be in employment and therefore have additional roles to those of homemaker, domestic labourer and career. This means that it is more obviously inappropriate to think of the family in the wider society with the male head of the household as “sole breadwinner”. These changes mean that although most young people have had experience of normative family structure (two generations, consisting of parents and children) at some stage in their lives, there are increasing numbers who experience family dissolution and consequently non-nuclear family structures. (Taken from: Youth, family and citizenship. Open University Press. Buckingham. Philadelphia, 1992).
1. Give a title to the text and think of 10 questions on it. 2. Find in Text III the English equivalents of the following words and expressions: Семейная жизнь; финансовая трудность; семейные отношения; развод; хозяйка дома; домработница; структура семьи; рынок труда; зависящий; находящийся на иждивении; система пособий; замужняя; поколения. 3. What is the main idea of the text? Sum it up.
Focus on Grammar I. Use the proper article: A. 1. Does your brother go to … school? – No, he isn’t … schoolboy yet. 2. Ann’s sister has … family of her own. She has … two children, … son and … daughter. … children are … same age. They are … twins. 3. Mary is playing … piano, … grandmother is reading … book, … boys are playing … chess. 4. My cousin is … nurse and her husband is … builder. 5. Have you got … uncle? – Yes, he is … teacher of … English. 6. I’m … aunt to my brother’s son. 7. His sister is … ten-year-old girl. 8. In England children usually begin school at … age of … five. 9. Uncle James came up to his little niece, patted her on … head and took her by … hand saying she was such … pretty girl. 10. She is … middle-aged woman of 43. She is like … mother to Jane.
B. 1. They all love Kate. She is … youngest in … family. She has always been … apple … her parents’ eye. 2. Tom is in … second form. He is … hard-working boy and … good pupil. 3. … man and … woman in … photo are … husband and … wife. 4. … Knights are … charming people. 5. Bobby is … youngest member of the family, grandmother is … oldest. 6. Mary is … daughter of … Doctor Smith, … eldest of … children, to be more exact. 7. I like … girl. She has … straight nose, … wavy hair and … fresh complexion. 8. My elder sister is … girl of twenty with … large eyes, … golden hair, … pleasant smile. She has … good figure too. She is … tall and slender. She is … real beauty. 9. She is … most beautiful woman I have ever met. 10. He hasn’t got … family … his own yet. He is under … school age.
II. Fill in prepositions if necessary:
1. John is very much … his father. In a word, he is the very image … him. 2. Lena smiles … such a pleasant way. 3. Look … the picture. … the picture you see a pretty girl … fifteen … dark long hair and hazel eyes. … her right you see a boy … ten, but he looks older as he is tall … his age. 4. His parents are … the same age. They are not … pension yet. 5. My sister is going to marry … a doctor. 6. Who(m) is she married …? – I know little … her husband. The only thing I know, he is an engineer … profession. 7. Does Lucy take … her mother? – Yes, she does. She looks very much … her mother. 8. Who is the girl sitting … you? What is she … you? Is she any relation … you? – Yes, she is a near relation … mine. 9. She is the eldest … the three children. 10. Whom did he marry? – He married … my cousin. He has been married … two years.
Troublesome Points Translate the following sentences into English, paying attention to the word combinations with the verb “to marry”:
to marry sb to be married to sb to get married (to) sb to marry sb off (to sb) to marry one’s daughter to sb to marry (into) money
1. Он женился в прошлом году. 2. Она вышла замуж в возрасте 20 лет. 3. За кем замужем твоя сестра? 4. Она вышла за него, хотя ее родители были против их брака. 5. Насколько я знаю, они женаты, не так ли? 6. Когда они поженились? 7. За кого мистер Смит выдал свою дочь? – Представления не имею. Родители давно стремились выдать ее замуж. 8. За кого она все-таки вышла замуж? 9. Он женат на моей кузине. 10. Она отказалась выйти за него замуж и уехала из города. 11. Мой дядя – убежденный холостяк. Он вообще не хочет жениться. 13. Он по уши влюблен в свою девушку. Полагаю, что он женится на ней. 14. Я не пойду за него замуж. Я люблю другого человека. 15. Они собираются пожениться летом. 16. Мой брат старше меня на четыре года, но он еще не женат. 17. Ее старшая сестра замужем за врачом. Она вышла замуж в возрасте 20 лет. 18. В каком возрасте твоя мама вышла замуж за твоего отца? 19. Молодожены провели медовый месяц в Крыму. 20. Брак по расчету не был удачным, и они развелись. Все знают, что он женился на ней из-за денег. Drill in Subordinate Clauses of Time and Condition: 1. Если она пригласит меня на свадьбу, я обязательно приду. 2. Дети будут сиротами, если она умрет. 3. Как только они окончат университет, они поженятся. 4. Если они не перестанут ссориться, их отношения скажутся на ребенке. 5. Как только мы поженимся, мы поедем на юг. 6. Он женится на ней, как только вернется из армии. 7. Если она не перестанет сплетничать, я с ней порву. 8. Когда она уйдет на пенсию, он будет жить за городом. 9. Она возобновит работу, как только ее сын пойдет в детский сад. 10. Я надеюсь увидеть ее прежде, чем она согласится на развод. 11. Если он на ней женится, у Ани будет мачеха. Я буду рада, если она полюбит свою падчерицу. 12. Если он не сделает мне летом предложение, я его брошу. 13. Если они поженятся, то проведут медовый месяц в Испании. 14. Мы будем очень рады, если он женится. Ему уже давно пора иметь свою семью, но он не обращает никакого внимания на девушек. 15. Молодожены будут жить с родителями, пока не купят квартиру. 16. Она познакомит меня со своим женихом, когда мы пойдем в театр. 17. Мой старший брат собирается жениться на студентке второго курса, когда закончится учебный год. 18. Как только она закончит академию, он поедет за границу. 19. Она получит паспорт, когда достигнет совершеннолетия. 20. Я выйду за него замуж, если он будет любить моих детей. 21. Если ты не придешь ко мне на свадьбу, я рассержусь на тебя. 22. Я умру, если он не сделает мне предложения. 23. Он сойдет с ума, если она его бросит. 24. Он пожалеет, как только женится на ней. 25. Она сразу же влюбится в него, как только познакомится с ним. Translate into Russian:
1. He met her at the theatre and realized that it was love at first sight. 2. The bride and (bride)groom enjoyed the wedding ceremony and the guests’ attention. 3. First of all they decided to arrange the engagement and only then to announce it officially. 4. The young couple realized that they were expecting a baby. 5. They spent their honeymoon in Greece and decided to visit this country every year. 6. She got married at the age of 21 and gave birth to her first child at the age of 26. 7. They married for love and lived a long and happy life. 8. He courted her for about two years and he proposed several times, but she was in love with another man. 9. They keep a family album as one of the main family traditions. 10. Child-rearing is quite a difficult job. 11. The confirmed bachelor fell in love and soon got married though he had intended never to marry. 12. In the summer they will celebrate their silver anniversary. 13. He is the only one who supports the whole family. 14. All newborn babies are so defenceless; they need love and care. 15. People say that the daughter takes after her father.
Language Check Ages and Stages
Note: The period between 14 and 17 approximately is called adolescence. Memory Practice Learn the dialogues by heart: Dialogue № 1 - Hallo, Susie! I haven’t seen you for ages! How are you getting on? - Just fine. I entered the university. - Did you? And I entered into the wedded state. And now I bring up twins. They are playing over there. - Dear me! They are as like as two peas/like two peas in a pod! How do you tell them apart? - Oh, they are quite different in character, though they look so much alike. As a matter of fact, they take after their father. - Your husband must be mad about them. - Oh, yes. I’m afraid he’ll spoil them. He doesn’t refuse them anything. - I see your marriage is happy. - Oh, yes, it’s bliss. - That’s great! Oh, by the way, what’s your married name? - Robinson. - My congratulations, Mrs. Robinson! - Thank you. OK, see you round. - Be good!
Dialogue № 2 - Hello, Betty! It’s nice to see you! What are you doing here in the park? - I’ve taken my little daughter out for a walk. - Oh, you look so much alike! - Do we? I’m flattered. You see, she means the world to me. And how is your mother? Is she on pension? - Yes, she is. Well, basically she helps my sister. Mary doesn’t work at present, as the children take up all her time now. But she is going to resume her work. She says she is tired of going shopping, doing the cooking and keeping house. And mother will look after the children and take care of them. - I see. That’s wonderful! My best regards to her, Betty. Sorry, I must be going. - It’s OK. Bye! Dialogue № 3 - Mary is on bad terms with her husband, you know. - Oh, yes. I’m afraid their marriage is on the rocks. - As a matter of fact they have split up and are separated now. Mary says she started to take pleasure in being alone. - Incredible! It was a love match, wasn’t it? - It was, it was… But later David began to pick fights with Mary. And what is more – he cheated on her! - Yes, it absolutely destroyed her. She is just a nervous wreck now, the poor little soul! - I should think so! Mary is still in love with David. - My God! One more broken home… - And … broken heart!
Writing Dictation № 1 Dear Professor and Mrs. Lang, I don’t know whether this letter will come as a surprise to you, for I think you must have seen during the happy time I spent in your home last Christmas, how very fond I was of Frieda. We worked together every day and now I have realized that the friendship and affection that I have always had for her had turned to love. I hardly dared to hope that Frieda felt the same way towards me, but last night I told her of my love and asked her to marry me, and to my great joy she said YES. She and I have known each other long enough to be quite sure that we love each other and want, more than anything else in the world, to be married. It would make us both very happy to know that our engagement would have your approval and blessing, and so I am writing to ask for your consent. I realize that there is very little that I can offer Frieda materially. I have only a small private income on which to live until I qualify as a doctor, but Frieda is quite confident that under her careful management we can have a comfortable little home on it. For my part, I will devote my life ensuring that she will be as happy as all my love can make her. My best wishes to you both. Yours sincerely, Robert Brown.
Dictation № 2 My wife has brown hair, dark eyes, and a gentle nature. Because of her gentle nature I sometimes think that she spoils the children. She doesn’t refuse them anything. They always get around her. Tina and I have been married for ten years. Our marriage is happy. Our son Carl, who is six, goes to a good private school; and our daughter, who is four, is going to school next year. Tina is cheerful and adaptable. She gets up at 7 and turns the radio on. After she is dressed, she wakes up the children and cooks breakfast. All day long Tina is busy with her housework, cooking, shopping and the demands of the children. Late afternoon Tina takes our children to the playground and sits with them until it is time to take them home. Mr. Trencher, our neighbour, makes it a regular thing to come there and talk with my wife. To Tina it seems strange. “He sighs and stares at me, ” – she says. I know what my wife looks like in the playground. She wears an old coat, overshoes and a scarf is tied under her chin. The picture of a well-dressed doctor losing his heart to Tina is hard to take seriously, but he sends her roses for birthday and makes me angry. Tina thinks he is crazy and is sorry for him.
Communication Activity
a) Discussion points I 1. How do you account for the fact that according to statistics the number of broken homes is increasing? 2. What is the main cause of the breakdown of many marriages? 3. What do you think makes for a happy marriage? 4. What is “Love” in your opinion? 5. Do you believe in “Love at first sight”? 6. What are the ways to prevent a divorce? 7. Can people with different views on life live together? 8. How do people celebrate weddings in Russia? Have you ever been to a wedding ceremony? Share your impressions with the groupmates. 9. What makes children happy in a family? 10. Are there any differences between modern families and families, for example 20 years ago? 11. Why do many modern women want to be financially independent? 12. What family problems exist nowadays? 13. Is it difficult to rear children? 14. How can parents help their child to express his / her individuality? 15. What family TV programmes and magazines do you know?
b) Agree of disagree with the following: 1. Marriages are made in heaven. 2. To love is to care about somebody more than about yourself. 3. Children will suffer if parents are indifferent to each other, so in that case it’s better for parents to part. 4. Financial problems ruin marriages. 5. A marriage of convenience is not reliable. 6. To be on good terms with a child doesn’t mean being permissive. 7. The husband should be more intelligent than his wife. 8. Money often keeps people together. 9. The best wife is a housewife. 10. Marriage should be compulsory for everybody.
Use: For agreement: I couldn’t agree more… That’s just what I was thinking … You know, that’s exactly what I think … I agree entirely … That’s a good point … For disagreement: Yes, it’s quite true, but … I’m not sure I quite agree … Perhaps, but don’t you think that … Well, you have a point there, but … I see what you mean, but … For more categorical and informal disagreement: I can’t agree with you there. You can’t be serious! Don’t be so silly! Be sensible! Oh, come off it!
c) Work in groups of 2-3. Make up a list of positive and negative sides of family life. d) Discussion Points II. Family life. Children. Active Vocabulary
1. Probably nothing affects a child’s character so much as the home he grows up in. In what different ways is a child affected when … - he grows up in a large family? - his mother goes out to work? - he is an only child? - his parents are separated? - his parents are always nervous and bad-tempered? 2. Does it make any difference to a person’s character whether he grows up in a big family or a small one (or as an only child)? 3. Do you agree with the statements about big families …? - a big family teaches a child to look after himself; - it teaches him to look after other people; - it makes him selfish; - no one can have peace and quiet (U) in a big family; - no one can ever be alone and everyone needs to be alone sometimes; - a big family makes the parents depressed and confined to home; - a big family gives the parents a full, happy life.
4. Can the parents of only one or two children be closer to them, love them more? If this is true, is it always a good thing? 5. Is it likely that most people have large families only because they don’t know how to stop having babies? In some countries birth control is taught at school. Should this be done everywhere? Should parents instruct their children about sex problems? At what age should they begin giving them information? 6. What help is given in this country by the state or by the town to … a) people who have very big families? b) unmarried mothers? Do these people get enough help? 7. What are special problems of these parents? a) young parents with their first child; b) parents of teenage children; c) widows, widowers 8. What causes conflict between parents and children in families that you know? Could this conflict be avoided? 9. Modern men and women: family roles. 10. Modern approaches towards child rearing. 11. Family values in the modern world. 12. Advertise a good TV programme (on Family Life).
Listening Practice I Prefer a Big Family
I. PRE-LISTENING TASK III. AUDITORY MEMORY CHECK IV. FOLLOW UP ACTIVITES · Do you think your family is big or small? · Write a paragraph about advantages and disadvantages of a big/small family. Taken from Learning to Listen by E. B. Karnevskaya, N. A. Pavlovich, V. V. Lopatko, Minsk, 2002. – P. 21-22.
Relationships NB: relationship (C) with/between sb – used especially to talk about personal relationship between two people. Relation (C) with/between sb – used especially to talk about the public, working relationship between large groups, countries.
I. Look at the texts. Where do you think they are from? Who wrote them? Why? What sort of relationship is being described? a) There was a lot of shouting late last night. The kitchen bin was knocked over and the back door kept being slammed. I wish my parents would be a bit more thoughtful. I have been through an emotional time and I need my sleep. Still I don’t expect them to understand what it is like being in love. They have been married for 14 years.
b) We’ve been married for three years, but my husband’s thoughtlessness gets me down. He never lets me know when he is coming home, and sometimes I have dinner waiting and he simply doesn’t turn up. He always says he met a friend and they sat talking in the bar or he had to work late. We have endless rows about it, and I end up in tears. Most of the weekend he is out doing his hobbies and I get a bit lonely. I’m starting to feel he’s a complete stranger to me.
II. Look at a photo, which is part of a family album. Ask and answer questions fishing for detailed information about each person in the picture (team work or work in groups of two). III. You’re looking through your friend’s family album and asking questions about the people in the pictures.
Speech Functions Developed
Role-Play Become Proficient Phrases and Idioms for Relationships
1. Ted and I get on well with each other (have a good relationship). 2. Andrew and Mary don’t see eye to eye (often argue / disagree). 3. I’ve fallen out with my parents again (had arguments). 4. Tony and Jane have broken up / split up (ended their relationship). 5. Helen is having an affair with her boss (a sexual relationship, usually secret). 6. Children should respect their elders (adults / parents, etc). 7. Let’s try and make it up (be friends again after you’ve had an argument). 8. The two girls were making eyes at the handsome lifeguard (to gaze at sb flirtatiously). Quiz Yourself
I. Some of the phrases and idioms are mixed up with one another. Correct them: 1. Jo and Phil don’t get on eye to eye with each other. 2. I fell up with my parents last night. It wasn’t my fault. 3. We had a quarrel, but now we’ve made it well. 4. Do you think Jim and Nora are making an affair? – I do. 5. I see very well with all my colleagues at work. 6. She should learn to respect her olders. 7. I am sure they will break out very soon.
II. Match the English idioms in the left column with their Russian equivalents in the right column. Use them in a proper context:
III. Explain the meanings of the proverbs given below. Make up five-sentence stories of your own to highlight their meanings. 1. Marriages are made in heaven. 2. Faint heart never won a fair lady. 3. Birds of a feather flock together. 4. Every family has a skeleton in the cupboard. 5. Spare the rod and spoil the child. 6. When children stand still they have done some ill. 7. Like father, like son. 8. A good wife makes a good husband. 9. He that would the daughter win, must with the mother first begin. 10. A tree is known by its fruit. Joke Time
- My wife has the worst memory I’ve ever heard of. - Forgets everything, eh? - No, remembers everything! w Boy: Do you know, Dad, my teacher says that in some parts of Africa a man does not know his wife until he marries her. Dad: Why single out Africa? w “I’m always very careful”, said Mrs Robinson, “to send the children out of the house before I have a quarrel with my husband”. “How wonderful! ” said Mrs Jones, “They look so healthy spending so much time in the open air”. w Mr Wicks (to a young man) – You say you will not marry my daughter. But it was you who told me a few months ago that you dreamed only of her. Young man (apologetically) – so, I did, sir. Now I am wide awake. w Husband (angrily): What? No supper ready? This is the limit! I’m going yo a restaurant. Wife: Wait just five minutes. Husband: Will it be ready then? Wife: No, but then I’ll go with you. w
Say what you mean!
Very often people pay us compliments which are not really compliments at all. They seem like compliments and in fact they are insults, for example: - Your wife is so nice and sensible! Meaning: Your wife is the most unexciting, unimaginative woman, I’ve ever met! w - You’re still a career girl then, aren’t you? Meaning: So you still haven’t found anyone to marry you!
Guesswork
What are the swiftest means of communication? - Telegraph, telephone and … tell a woman. w What is a secret? - A woman’s idea of keeping a secret is refusing to say who told it.
& HOUSE and FLAT Active Vocabulary house – to leave the house to move to/into a new house to keep house residential area/street detached house semidetached house (duplex – AmE) terraced house bungalow hut basement high-rise building/a high-rise - Syn. multi-storey building multi-storey (multi-storey car park) living room (a front room) bedsitter (in ads) - Syn. a bedsitting room utility room guestroom - Syn. spare room recreation room (AmE) driveway housewarming the flat faces (fronts, gives upon, overlooks) the flat has a south-facing aspect within easy reach of shops / metro stations neighbourhood to be spick-and-span to be in a mess conveniences (latest improvements) rubbish chute (refuse chute) air conditioning (AC) to be fully air-conditioned floor space (U) to do/clean/tidy up the flat to air (heat, furnish, paper) the flat to air out (AmE) spacious - Ant. poky/pokey crammed with/crammed full of furniture a cramped room cosy well (simply, badly) furnished tidy (untidy) to redecorate/to have your flat redecorated to paint to paper to whitewash to polish to furnish sth with sth furniture (U) an article of furniture a suite of furniture to match to fit in flooring patterned (a patterned carpet, wallpaper patterned with…) Additional Vocabulary panelled doors (f. ex. oak-panelled, to be panelled with oak) a waste-bin/wheelie bin – контейнер на колесах на заднем дворе to give a warm colour to the room
Text I Our New Flat I live in Ekaterinburg in a five-storey dwelling house in the centre of our city. Last year our wooden house was pulled down and we moved here into a two-room flat with all modern conveniences. Now we have cold and hot running water, gas, electricity, central heating and a refuse chute. Now we needn’t have a garbage can which we had to empty in the yard twice a day. We live on the top floor and from the balcony we have a good view of the large green park, our block of flats faces. The entrance-hall is rather small. Near the door lies a small doormat. We wipe our feet on it. Against the wall there is a hallstand where we hang our hats coats and a mirror-stand. The study is rather spacious. It’s a simply-furnished room. The floor space is about 15 square metres. It is not overcrowded with furniture. Everything fits in well. Nothing is out of place here. Next to the window there is a writing desk with a lot of drawers and a desk lamp with a yellow lampshade. The bookcase, which is full of books, has sliding glass doors. The curtains of a gay pattern match the wallpaper. On the left there are two comfortable armchairs facing the TV set. The room has an east-facing aspect so it is sunny all day long. In the bedroom we have a dark-brown suite of furniture of the latest model and a thick carpet to match. Beside the divan-bed there is a dressing table with some combs and hair-brushes. In the built-in wardrobe we keep our clothes and bed linen. In the kitchen there is a fridge to store perishable foods (perishables) in, a cupboard, a kitchen table and a gas cooker/stove with an oven. Over the sink there is a plate rack. All the kitchen utensils are close at hand, so it doesn’t take you long to do the cooking. In the corridor there is a built-in closet where we keep our vacuum cleaner (hoover), electric iron and other household objects. In the bathroom with tiled walls there is a bathtub and a shower, a towel rack and a washbasin with a shelf above it. On it we have some toiletries at our disposal: a cake/bar of soap, a toothbrush and tooth powder (toothpaste) and some shaving articles. There is nothing special about our flat, no rich decorations, but we are accustomed to it. It’s much better and more comfortable compared to the old one.
1. Read and retell the text. 2. Describe your flat using the italicized words and word combinations from the text above.
Text II The House
A house may be built of wood, stone, brick, concrete of prefabs. A building may be one, two, three, four-storeyed and higher. There are many multi-storey blocks of flats in our town now. Some American multi-storey buildings are called skyscrapers. London houses have mostly 2 or 3 storeys and only 5% have from 8 to 10 storeys. Our first floor is usually called the ground floor in England and our second floor corresponds to the English first floor. The Americans call the floors as we do: first, second, etc. The house we live in is our home. The house may face a street, a park, a square. It may have a southern, northern, eastern or western aspect (a south-facing aspect). The windows of my room overlook a lane. When people move into a new flat, they usually have a house-warming party. There may be a one-room, a two-room flat, etc. Most of the flats nowadays have all modern conveniences, such as running water, gas, electricity, central heating and a refuse chute. The entrance to the house from the street is called the front door. There is sometimes another entrance, too, leading into the house from the yard – the back door. The staircase leads to the upper floors. We go upstairs or downstairs. The staircase consists of stairs (steps). The steps between two landings are called a flight of stairs, and the door of the flat usually opens on to the landings. When visitors come, they press the bell or knock at / on the door. Then one of the inhabitants answers the door (the bell), and the visitor asks if the person he wants to see is in or out. Text III A Flat in our Country A modern flat in our country is a three-room flat with constant hot water, a refuse-chute and built-in cupboards. The study is a simply-furnished room. The main piece of furniture is the writing desk. Next to it stands a bookcase with sliding glass doors. The sofa against the wall faces the TV set of the latest model. The adjoining room is the dining room. When dinnertime comes, the host(ess) spreads the tablecloth and sets the table. She/he takes the crockery and cutlery out of the sideboard and puts them on the table. The walls in the bedroom are papered with beautiful wallpaper. There is parquet on the floor. The built-in wardrobe saves much floor space. The lampshade of the suspended lamp makes the room look cosy. A beautiful thick carpet, matching the furniture, is spread on the floor. It is pleasant to have such a nice apartment! 1. Translate the text into Russian.
A flat – an apartment Last – latest
Exercise 1 Give the 4 forms of the following words: Spread, choose, pay, sell, set, put, take, keep, make, coat, give, write, come, find, see, buy, build, go, show.
Exercise 2 Complete the sentences: 1. They moved into a two-room flat with all modern conveniences including a refuse chute and constant …. 2. The main piece of furniture in the bedroom is …. 3. When dinnertime came …. 4. The walls in the living room are …. 5. The floor is not painted, it is … 6. The carpet which is spread on the floor …. 7. It is dinnertime, spread …. 8. The crockery and cutlery are …. 9. Built-in cupboards …. 10. The wallpaper patterned with leaves makes the room ….
Exercise 3 Translate into English: 1. Очень удобно, когда в квартире постоянно горячая вода. 2. Главное в этом гарнитуре – раздвижной обеденный стол. 3. Шторы и ковер гармонировали с обоями и делали комнату очень уютной. 4. В столовой – паркет, а на кухне пол крашеный. 5. Не накрывай на стол, я еще не расстелила скатерть. Где ножи и вилки? 6. Стены в ванной кафельные, в коридоре – покрашены, а на кухне – побелены, а в гостиной оклеены обоями. 7. Что обычно расстелено на полу? 8. Какого цвета абажур у люстры? 9. Их новые апартаменты состоят из трех комнат, ванной, кухни, туалета и прихожей. 10. Что делает их жилище таким удобным и уютным? 11. Ты не могла бы расстелить скатерть и накрыть на стол? Возьми в шкафу посуду, вилки и ножи. 12. Кроме круглосуточной горячей воды в их квартире есть все современные удобства, включая мусоропровод и телефон.
Exercise 4 Read and translate into Russian. Use the italicized words and expressions in sentences or short stories of your own: Text 1 1. My elder sister has a room of her own. It faces a large square and she has a good view of the city from the windows. The room has a south-facing aspect so it is full of light all day long. The curtains on the windows match the walls which are papered with wallpaper of a pretty pattern. There is parquet in the room.
2. The carpet on the floor makes the room look very cosy. The room is not overcrowded with furniture. In the right-hand corner, next to the divan-bed, there is a writing desk with a plain wooden chair next to it.
3. The room is rather spacious. It is about 15 square metres. All the pieces of furniture fit in very well. A number of bookshelves against the wall are not out of place either.
Text 2 1. My aunt moved into a new flat last month. We were invited to their house-warming party, so we could have a look at their flat. Most of all I liked the kitchen. It’s unusually spacious, about 10 square metres, with all modern conveniences. There is even a refuse chute, so my aunt could get rid of the garbage can which my cousin had to empty in the yard twice a day. 2. The gas-cooker/stove with four rings/burners has an oven to bake pies in. The walls are tiled and it makes the kitchen look clean. In the right-hand corner stands a fridge of the latest model (the fridge is the latest model). It’s very spacious. Against the wall stands a kitchen table. Beside it there are two square stools. On the top shelf of the cupboard there is crockery, on the middle shelf there is a tea set. In one of the drawers my aunt keeps the cutlery. 3. The plate rack above the kitchen sink is close at hand. The only thing which is out of place here, to my mind, is the armchair which occupies much floor space and doesn’t fit in there. Through the door on the left we enter the adjoining – room. It is also very comfortable, with a built-in closet and a new suite of furniture. My relatives are indeed lucky to have got such a nice apartment. House and Flat Sean A. Stack Most people in Britain live in houses, with only a few, usually in the poorer areas of the city, living in flats. Many flats were built in the ‘60s, but now these great blocks of flats are often in ruins, and some have already been demolished to make room for more houses. The terraced houses which the blocks replaced are being rebuilt, and far more popular. Terraced houses are usually for working families, but now in London, where houses prices are very high, the middle classes are moving into them and changing the character of entire streets. In the suburbs one finds older middle class areas, with semi-detached or detached houses, all with large gardens, and a garage for the car. Most houses have two or three bedrooms on the upper floor. These are often furnished with fitted furniture, which is built especially to fit that room. There will be a bed or a double bed for the married couple, a desk, a dressing table, and bedside table, where a lamp and an alarm clock would stand. On the ground floor there will be a bathroom and toilet, a kitchen, a living room and perhaps a dining room. Only the largest houses have a study or library nowadays. Twenty years ago, to have all modern conveniences (all mod cons as they are called for short) meant to have running water and an indoor toilet. Now, a house is considered primitive if it doesn’t have a bath and a shower, a washing machine and a dishwasher, a cooker and a microwave oven, a refrigerator and a freezer. Of course, a television in the living room is considered a necessity, and there is usually a video-player there as well. There will be a three piece suite, consisting of a sofa and two armchairs, a coffee table, usually covered with newspapers opened at the television page, and probably some cabinets displaying favourite ornaments, or old family photographs, or books. |
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