Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология
Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии


Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.



1. Description of the situation;

2. Direct causes, root causes of the situation;

3. Remedial actions and recommendations.

CHEMIKALIEN SEETRANSPORT GMBH
HSSEQ Improvement Note
- NEAR MISS REPORT -

 

1. vessel GREEN POINT 2. place ( e.g. at sea / in port ) IMMINGHAM 3. number ( will be assigned by DPA/QM ) 06/10

 

4. description (describe WHAT happened and HOW it occurred) (documents attached: YES          , number of pages 1 ], NO)

 

Deck cadet was ordered to tighten up some bolths on the manifold. Using force and

Unadequate wrench/spanner he failed from the platform. He did not wear the protective Helmet. Fortunately, no mayor accident happened.

reported by (name/function): 2/O V KOROLEV date / signature: 02.10.2010

 

5. immediate corrective action

 Stop any action .

responsible person (name / function) C/O O SHUVALOV target date / date executed / signature 02.10.2010

 

6. root cause (determine WHY it did go wrong)

Not adequate hand tool wrench /spanner was used to do the job.

identified by (name / function): C/O O SHUVALOV date / signature 02.10.2010

 

7. corrective action (action taken / to be taken to prevent re-occurrence of the ROOT CAUSE)

Chief off. ordered only experienced persons to do such jobs where adequate knowledge an Absolutely must in order to do the job. Also, no persons to be on deck wearing no Protective gear (helmets, boiler suits, gloves etc.)

responsible person (name / function) C/O O SHUVALOV target date / date executed / signature 02.10.2010

 

8. verification of the implementation corrective and preventive action

9. follow-up action status

 YES (if YES, specify WHEN, and by WHOM)                    NO

 

Immediate. Discussed Monthly PEC meeting .

 cleared                                                       NOT cleared

name / function C/O O SHUVALOV date / signature name / signature C/O O SHUVALOV date / signature 02.10.2010
       

 

CHEMIKALIEN SEETRANSPORT GMBH
HSSEQ Improvement Note
- NEAR MISS REPORT -

 

1. vessel GREEN POINT 2. place ( e.g. at sea / in port ) AT SEA 3. number ( will be assigned by DPA/QM ) 07/10

 

4. description (describe WHAT happened and HOW it occurred) (documents attached: YES          , number of pages 1 ], NO)

 

At the about 2235 hrs LT, 3 officer on the bridge watch discovered vessel going Off course. At the same time Off Course alarm sounded. Steering switched over

To second system and vessel proceeding without any problem. Next day first system

Switched ON in order to check on it, and found all working well & without problems.

reported by (name/function): 3/O V ZOIDZE date / signature: 06.10.2010

 

5. immediate corrective action

Immediatly Call to Master , Duty Eng., Ch.off –stby for use emergency steering .

responsible person (name / function) MASTER R .IGNATYEV target date / date executed / signature 06.10.2010

 

6. root cause (determine WHY it did go wrong)

In the standing orders inserting rule „Check and compare all compases frequently“

If doing so, any malfunction could be discovered well on time, even prior OFF course

Alarm is signaling.

identified by (name / function): MASTER R .IGNATYEV date / signature 06.10.2010

 

7. corrective action (action taken / to be taken to prevent re-occurrence of the ROOT CAUSE)

Same as described above. Systems to be frequently checked/controled, and in next drydock

System to be serviced by shore technician.

responsible person (name / function) MASTER R .IGNATYEV target date / date executed / signature 06.10.2010

 

8. verification of the implementation corrective and preventive action

9. follow-up action status

 YES (if YES, specify WHEN, and by WHOM)                    NO

 

Immediate. Discussed Monthly PEC meeting .

 cleared                                                       NOT cleared

name / function MASTER R .IGNATYEV date / signature 06.10.2010 name / signature MASTER R .IGNATYEV date / signature 06.10.2010
       

 

CHEMIKALIEN SEETRANSPORT GMBH
HSSEQ Improvement Note
- NEAR MISS REPORT -

 

1. vessel GREEN POINT 2. place ( e.g. at sea / in port ) ROTTERDAM 3. number ( will be assigned by DPA/QM ) 08/10

 

4. description (describe WHAT happened and HOW it occurred) (documents attached: YES          , number of pages 1 ], NO)

 

Before departure ordered deck crew to remove vessel portable gangway from shore to her position .For this operation are used vessel crane ( on the middle ). Observed that one A.B. and one O.S do not wear protective helmets.

reported by (name/function): 3/O V ZOIDZE date / signature: 12.10.2010

 

5. immediate corrective action

Stopped lifting vessel gangway.When A.B & O.S wear protective helmets resumed secured vessel gangway.

responsible person (name / function) C/0 O. SHUVALOV target date / date executed / signature 12.10.2010

 

6. root cause (determine WHY it did go wrong)

In case off wrong manouvre with crane, or broke gangway sling serious accident is possible

identified by (name / function): C/0 O. SHUVALOV date / signature 12.10.2010

 

7. corrective action (action taken / to be taken to prevent re-occurrence of the ROOT CAUSE)

For all persons when leave accommodation ( on therminals ,during cargo operations,bunkering ) must wearing protective gear (helmets, boiler suits, gloves etc.)

responsible person (name / function) C/0 O. SHUVALOV target date / date executed / signature 12.10.2010

 

8. verification of the implementation corrective and preventive action

9. follow-up action status

 YES (if YES, specify WHEN, and by WHOM)                    NO

 

Immediate. Discussed Monthly PEC meeting .

 cleared                                                       NOT cleared

name / function C/0 O. SHUVALOV date / signature 12.10.2010 name / signature C/0 O. SHUVALOV date / signature 12.10.2010
       

 

CHEMIKALIEN SEETRANSPORT GMBH
HSSEQ Improvement Note
- NEAR MISS REPORT -

 

1. vessel GREEN POINT 2. place ( e.g. at sea / in port ) AT SEA 3. number ( will be assigned by DPA/QM ) 09/10

 

4. description (describe WHAT happened and HOW it occurred) (documents attached: YES          , number of pages 1 ], NO)

 

In the morning the boatswain was ordered to remove the rust from the Radar mast.He did all preparations and he wore a safety belt but he forgot to attach it to the mast.While he was removing rust he suddenly slipped but he mannaged to grab the mast ladder step and no major accident occured.

reported by (name/function): 3/O V ZOIDZE date / signature: 30.10.2010

 

5. immediate corrective action

Stop any actions about working on the mast .

responsible person (name / function) C/0 O. SHUVALOV target date / date executed / signature 30.10.2010

 

6. root cause (determine WHY it did go wrong)

Unadequate check of all safety equipment before starting work on Heights and arranging one person to assist man on height at all times.

identified by (name / function): C/0 O. SHUVALOV date / signature 30.10.2010

 

7. corrective action (action taken / to be taken to prevent re-occurrence of the ROOT CAUSE)

In the future no such jobs will be done before checking safety equipment by man who uses it and the man who assists.Also all protective gear should be worn at all times.

responsible person (name / function) C/0 O. SHUVALOV target date / date executed / signature 30.10.2010

 

8. verification of the implementation corrective and preventive action

9. follow-up action status

 YES (if YES, specify WHEN, and by WHOM)                    NO

 

Immediate. Discussed Monthly PEC meeting .

 cleared                                                       NOT cleared

name / function C/0 O. SHUVALOV date / signature 30.10.2010 name / signature C/0 O. SHUVALOV date / signature 30.10.2010
       

 

CHEMIKALIEN SEETRANSPORT GMBH
HSSEQ Improvement Note
- NEAR MISS REPORT -

 

1. vessel 2. place ( e.g. at sea / in port )   3. number ( will be assigned by DPA/QM )  

 

4. description (describe WHAT happened and HOW it occurred) (documents attached: YES          , number of pages 1 ], NO)

 

 

reported by (name/function): date / signature:  

 

5. immediate corrective action

 

responsible person (name / function) target date / date executed / signature  

 

6. root cause (determine WHY it did go wrong)

 

identified by (name / function): date / signature  

 

7. corrective action (action taken / to be taken to prevent re-occurrence of the ROOT CAUSE)

 

responsible person (name / function) target date / date executed / signature  

 

8. verification of the implementation corrective and preventive action

9. follow-up action status

 YES (if YES, specify WHEN, and by WHOM)                    NO

 

Immediate. Discussed Monthly PEC meeting .

 cleared                                                       NOT cleared

name / function date / signature name / signature date / signature  
       

 

 

NEAR ACCIDENT REPORT

Vessel:                                                                                                                Report No.:

Description of incident/situation:

Date: 04.07. 2008                            Place: CHIBA(JAPAN)

– ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Description:

during discharging cargo North West Shelf Condensate cargo operations was suspended 04.07.2008 at 16.18 LT Due IG Plant was not able to maintain IG positive pressure in cargo tanks. Vessel has to stop discharging to avoid vacumisation in cargo tanks. Cargo operation resumed 04.07.08 at 16.48 LT.

–----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Possible cause of incident/situation and possible consequences:

As a result vessel was on the verge of rejection and not acceptance by Japanese terminal in case of longer delay

–----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Which preventive measures have been taken (or proposal for preventive measure):

Cleaned and re-adjusted hand-regulating F.O. valve (MAXON). Cleaned and re-adjusted back-pressure regulating valve (SAFAG).

Date: 23.07.08      Place: at sea                 Name:     C/E ______________________

–----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Master's decision/ plan for further handling of above accident:

As per attached C/E______________ technical descriptions

 

Date: 23.07.08         Place: at sea                 Master's signature__________________________

–---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Company's decision/ plan for further handling of above accident:

Date:______________ Place:_______________________

– ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Follow up control:

Remarks:

 

 

Preventive measures have been taken in accordance with the above:

 

Date:_______________ Place_________________________


 

 

 

FLEET CIRCULAR

AA) Summary of Near Misses reported in June 2016

N Near Miss Description Consequences Preventive Actions
1 During weekly rounds of ER, it was observed that some floor plates in Engine room are not bolted down. Injury to Personnel After completion of any works under floor plates it has to be immediately fixed back by bolts. Condition of floor plating in ER to be verified by CE during his inspections.
2 During Crane cleaning operation, while IP was lowering down, cleaning equipment of mop set handle was fall down halfway from step ladder. Injury to Personnel On tool-box meeting, C/O should instruct crew to make sure that all materials to be lowered down should be firmly tied and deck hands working in the cargo hold should be notified before lowering down any materials. VHF to be used to keep good communication between person on deck and on crane. Care should be taken to prevent accidental falling down of objects.
3 During preparing fire-fighting equipment before the bunkering by STS, it was found that cover of fire hose box was broken, due to corrosion of hinges. Business Impact Fire hose boxes to be checked monthly following schedule as per FFE Maintenance Manual Ch. FM-0,4. Every inspection threat hinges of all fire hose boxes to be lubricated and / or prevent for corrosion using WD-40 or its analog.
4 Forward life-raft both sides embarkation ladder’s shackles were observed frozen. Business Impact Inspections and maintenance of Life- rafts and it’s accessories to be done weekly, monthly and etc. following maintenance schedule as per LSA maintenance plan Ch.LSM -05. Shackles to be worked up and greased if required every time during inspection.
5 During cargo hold washing by HP washing machine 440V ground alarm was coming. Injury to Personnel HP machine to be regular checked including meger test following maintenance schedule as per manufacture manual. In anyway, before using HP machine el. Engineer must checked all electrical switches and cables and be sure that all in good working condition.
6 No.1 crane’s grab electric cable was found broken Business Impact Grab’s el. cables to be checked before every cargo operations and every 8 hrs during operations. In anyway grab’s el. cables together with other accessories to be tested every three month following maintenance schedule in SMMS and e-Form Grab Maintenance report to be completed.
7 During  discharging  of coal by ship’s crane and grab No.4 it was observed, that grab cable has sagged due to operator switched of cable winch by mistake. Possibility of damage of the cable and delay in discharging.   Damage to Property To instruct and warn Foreman for responsibility for any damages and stoppages and to prevent such cases. To instruct deck watch and OOW to keep sharp lookout for the cargo operations to take timely actions for preventing of damages.
8 While sailing in stormy weather IP went to paint-room without permission of OOW Injury to Personnel While sailing in stormy weather BCL No.12 should be completed and all crew informed to avoid passing on open decks. Additional warnings should be made by Master. OOW should monitor compliance of same from the bridge.
9 During routine rounds all over around main deck Chief officer founded electric grinder machine remained placed at open area connected & crew has a launch time meal. The weather condition can be changed at any moment, due to have a risk of rain can start. Occurred situation could have potentially resulted of risk for human life, if crew members after meal resumed his work, he can be shocked by electricity Injury to personnel Additional instruction for all crew which can work on open deck. All electrical equipment to be properly stored.
10 During weekly inspection of the vessel Chief officer with Bosun found that port side gangway wire rope was damaged. Bosun with AB has been replaced new wire rope/ Damage to property Gangways, its wires and accessories to be checked every time before port arrival and every 3 months. E-form wire Rope condition Report to be updated accordingly and Tech. Super to be informed.
11 Missing guard rails on the cooking oven during rolling of vessel owing bad weather condition. Injury to personnel Galley staff to be familiarized with safe working procedures during bad weather conditions. And aware that guard rails are to be used on the cooking oven to avoid pots and pans falling onto the floor.
12 Before Anchoring operations Bosun didn't wear appropriate PPE for his eye's Injury to personnel After completion of Anchoring op-s at OPL Port Elizabeth Anchorage #2, Chief officer discussed with Bosun and all deck staff that all crewmembers must follow safety procedures on board and comply with ESM PPE Matrix.
13 During routine safety/ security inspection of the vessel by duty AB, it was found that grab 2 has minor leakage of the oil. AB located of oil on the deck by sawdust immediately. Duty officer, Ch. Officer and duty Eng. Informed. Leakage stopped by eng. Staff. Deck cleaned by deck staff. Damage to Environment Crew on deck to watch for cargo operation, check main deck around. Grabs and cranes to be inspected for leakage daily during cargo operations. Grabs to be tested every 3 month and e- form in SMMS to be completed accordingly.
14 During routine inspection of Medical Chest, it was found that refrigerator is inoperative condition. Business Impact Medical chest to be checked every week. Any malfunctioned equipment to be repaired. Tech. Superintendent to be immediately informed if any spares/assistance required.
15 During annual preassure test of fire line, discover leakage from hire hydrant near the hold no.4 stb side. Business Impact Fire lines, hydrants and hoses to be regular tested and checked following schedule as per FFE maintenance plan Ch. FM-04. Any leakages observed to be eliminated before calling to the port.
16 During safety inspection in the ER, it was found on the Engine crane hoisting wire there was missing safety limit switch. Damage to Property Before started any jobs all crewmembers to be familiarized with safety instruction during tool box meeting. And intended equipment for use to be checked.
17 During inspection of the hold by representative of transport of Canada it was found crack in the weld seam of FWD bulkhead (p). Business Impact Master, C/O and all other crew to be aware and familiar with IMO MSC/ Circ.1143 ‘ Guidelines on Early Assessment of Hull Damage and Possible Need for Abandonment of Bulk Carriers’ and typical areas to be inspected for cracks on bulk carriers. Such areas to be periodically inspected and VM -02 to be completed every 6 months.
18 During breakfast preparation cook and messman have been observed in civil footwear (not safety shoes) and without cook caps. Business Impact Galley personnel to be familiar with safe working procedures on galley and sanitary/ hygienic rules. Compliance to be verified by C/O and Master daily.
19 During preparation of cargo hold Nos.1, 2 for cargo operation the damage of Australian ladder’s railings was found. That can be bring to fall down any person and in consequence to injury. The manholes to CHs Nos. 1, 2 were closed and safety warning posted. On 18 on June 2016 the railings were repaired by ship’s crew. Injury to Personnel All ladders to be inspected after every discharging. C/O and Bosun have to check condition of ladders before entering. During next meeting all crew to be warned to be very attentive to discover any damages. The appropriate measures should be implemented.
20 During round on deck, it was observed that one of the turnbuckles for Grab #1 has been found not properly secured after greasing. Damage to Property Secure arrangement of Grabs and Cranes to be checked before vessel proceeding at sea. And to be adjusted after sailing, bearing in mind vessels vibration and movement.
21 During opening of cargo hold #3, hydraulic pipe was crashed. Damage to Environment Testing before cargo operation, daily inspection. Corroded hydraulic pipes to be planned for replacement by new ones by fitter and/ or dry dock. If required then additional riding fitter to be requested up to Tech.Super approval.
22 During routine inspection of the vessel, it was found that hydraulic pipe of the hatch covers on upper deck, accommodation area port side was leaking. Damage to Environment Hatch cover hydraulic system to be checked weekly and tested regulary, especially before arrival in port, with closed scupper pipes,to prevent oil pollution overboard. To be discussed during forthcoming safety committee meeting minutes.
23 During weekly inspection, it was found that on ‘B’ deck one plastic drum with chemical product alkaclean (Sodium hydroxide solution) was leaking Damage to Environment Chemicals in drums to be kept in designated chemical store on deck with adequate ventilation. Condition of chemical drums to be checked regularly during routine rounds.
24 During routine inspection of galley there was observed so many frost accumulated in refrigerator preventing its normal operation. Damage to Property De- frosting of refrigerators to be done regularly. Condition and cleanness of galley and it’s equipment to be verified weekly during master’s inspection of accommodation
25 During daily garbage station inspection bag with oily rags was found in «Plastic» garbage box. Damage to Environment Crew to be familiar with procedures for garbage utilisation on board as per GMP and MARPOL. Responsible crew 2/E in engine, Bosun on deck and Steward in Accommodation should verify compliance.
26 Seals of cable and fastening of Inm-C antenna were damaged/ teared, that cause ingress of water inside and damage of antenna. Damage to property Condition of antennas, cabling, sealing arrangements to be regular checked by el. eng and maintained if required.
27 During routine inspection of working equipment it was found missing of iron guard at hand lamps. Damage to property EL. equipment to be kept in good working condition. No any tools to be used without safety protection. Condition of working tools to be checked daily before use and all damaged tools to be withdrawn from service until full repairs done.
28 During safety rounds of main deck, it was found some spots of loosed grease from crane wires. Damage to Environment After greasing of deck equipment, main deck around to be cleaned from oil/ grease stains. In areas with hot climate main deck to be checked daily for any grease spot and cleaned.
29 During safety patrol of main deck in port, it was observed that one scupper plug was not installed/ missing on main deck. Damage to Environment Check installation of scupper plugs on main deck upon arrival to the port.
30 IP was found without safety belt during working aloft on Crane No.4. Safety belts were wearing but not fasten. Injury to Personnel To conduct additional briefing with the deck crew concerning obligatory using the personal safety equipment.
31 Steel wire (without rubber coated) used for deck safety line and same is missing around no.5 cargo hold. Business Impact Safety lines and its condition to be regular checked during weekly inspections of the vessel. Spare safety line to be kept in stock if required.
32 Crew member was been located between the grab and coaming of c/hold during putting the grab onto the deck. Injury to personnel Case to be discussed of safety meeting. During the putting grabs onto the deck the assisting crew members must never be located between the grab and coaming of c/hold owing risk to be trapped and injured.
33 Sounding pipe from HFO Overflow tank not closed properly and spring was missing . Damage to Property Condition of sounding pipes in ER and self-closing devices to be checked by C/E during his weekly rounds of ER.Crew must be aware that this is item for PSC deficiency.
34 Leakage from lub oil drum into Forecastle store was found during chief officers daily routine inspection. Damage to Property Close up inspection of storing drums with oil to be carried regularly during safety rounds of the vessel. In case of any leakage sings, then LO to be transferred to the new drum.  
35 During routine inspection of the engine room, it was found some noise from el. Motor of fuel module supply pump. Damage to Property El.motor of all pumps in ER to be overhauled following maintenance schedule of manufacture. Routine inspections of el. motors to be done on daily base.
36 During maintenance and greasing of provision crane port side, IP intended to turn crane boom over the « no go area» what is strictly prohibited due to danger of damage of electrical cables inside the crane tower. Damage to Property Case to be discussed on safety meeting. Crew to be trained and instructed about safety and precautions during work on provision cranes. To refresh «no go area» zone mark.
37 During chipping crane #2, it was detected that protection of vertical ladder was damaged (corrosive) and impossible to use. Injury to Personnel Responsible Officer should properly and regularly checked protection of vertical ladders.
38 Watch man of gangway left watch post without proper relief. Business Impact Before arrival in port Safety Meeting to be done with crew. All crew to be familiarized/ reminded with security duties as per SSP/MARSEC Level. Gangway watchmen to be aware of consequences to left gangway unattended.
39 During the safety inspection on engine room (on completion of works) the open /unsecured steel plate was found on safety walk way stbd side. Injury to Personnel During weekly rounds of ER, CE must check for good housekeeping. And be sure that all spares are placed on designated positions and properly secured to prevent shifting.
40 While chipping & painting handrails i.w.o. pilot boarding place it was discovered that handrails corroded through in few places and steel pipe is in poor condition. Above could lead to pilot fall/injury while boarding. Injury to Personnel Regular inspection should be effected by C/O to identify wasted handrails and plan repair properly. To avoid corrosion proper maintenance /painting should be carried out in due time.
41 F’cle store hatch and some booby hatches safety pins were observed missing. Injury to Personnel Hatch covers and booby hatches to be visually checked at least once per week.Safety pins to be in position and properly greased.
42 IP used external ladder to get on the crane platform for lubricating. Injury to Personnel Before job commenced a Tool Box Meeting to be done pointing main points for cautions and measures to keep it under control, i.e Risk Assessment. Crew to be briefed about safety culture.
43 During blown through examination of CO2 Fixed Fire Extinguishing System lines for cargo holds by Chief Officer and Chief Engineer, it was discovered that the lines are damaged and holed in some points. Business Impact CO2 Fixed Fire Extinguishing System lines for cargo holds to be checked and tested regularly following schedule as per FFE Maintenance Plan Ch: FM-16, Case to be discussed in safety committee meeting minutes.
44 During morning safety round of ER, it was found in workshop the clearance between grinding wheel and safety plate is high. Injury to Personnel The clearance to be adjusted and checked regularly. All engine staff to be instructed to check clearance before using grinding machine.
45 During the safety round on deck (on completion of works) the air jet chisel was found lying on safety walkway stbd side. Damage to Property At the end of the each working day, quick deck rounds to be done by bosun for good housekeeping. And be sure that all tools, spares were removed from open decks and placed on designated positions and properly secured to prevent shifting.
46 During routine safety/ security inspection of the vessel by Chief Officer it was found that bunker davit stbd side has rolling port/ stbd. Chief Officer, Bosun and AB additional secured both bunker davits port and stbd immediately for avoid damages of the vessel. Damage to Property Lashing/securing arrangements to be checked daily during first days after leaving port, then every two days. Lashing to be adjusted / re-tightened if required.
47 During routine inspectionit was observed that in cable trunks spaces on each deck there are boxes with lamps and additional spares, items used as storage places. Business Impact Cable trunk spaces on each deck to be checked weekly during Master’s safety rounds of accommodation. Case to be discussed on safety meeting and crew to be explained that dispose any objects inside the cable trunks is not safe and can leading to the fire and PSC deficiency.
48 It was observed, that one hydraulic pipe has leakage. Damage to Environment All hydraulic pipelines to be inspected before, during and after cargo operations. Hatch cover hydraulic system to be tested before arrival in port with closed scupper plugs to prevent any possible spillage overboard.
49 During General accommodation sanitary & hygiene inspection was founded at Engine Room that railings around exhaust funnel occupied with overalls & consumable clear cloth. Area was used as dry space after washing. It’s can be a caused a Fire Risk Potential Hazard Occurrence Risk of Fire. Damage to Property Case to be discussed on Safety Meeting and following points paid attention: Analysis happenings with crew & training for accidents/ near misses prevention action to be carried out. Provided a Dry Rooms near crew Laundries with additional ropes for drying the cloth.
50 During routine inspection it was found that additional mooring ropes not on the mooring bollard. Damage to Property Before every mooring operations a quick tool box meting to be done with crew. Risk of leaving ropes on mooring winch wrapping ends to be pointed and discussed. Mooring team leader should verify compliance of safe practice by his team members. And counter checked personally by Master during his round after all inward formalities done.


[1] Открытая форма договора спасания: договор, в котором не указывается размер вознаграждения за спасение на море или этот размер указывается только приблизительно. Наиболее популярная проформа – Ллойдовская, принятая в Великобритании в 2000 году.


Поделиться:



Последнее изменение этой страницы: 2019-03-21; Просмотров: 248; Нарушение авторского права страницы


lektsia.com 2007 - 2024 год. Все материалы представленные на сайте исключительно с целью ознакомления читателями и не преследуют коммерческих целей или нарушение авторских прав! (0.077 с.)
Главная | Случайная страница | Обратная связь