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Unit VII. THE BRITISH POST OFFICE
Exercise 1 Read the text. Translate it (orally). Make use of the Notes and the Vocabulary. The Royal Post Office in Britain is known to appear in the 16th century when the first Master of Posts was appointed by King Henry VIII in 1516 to be in charge of the Postal system. In the beginning, the Postа1 system was made up of a small group of post boys on horseback. People could see post boys ride horses everywhere. Today the Post Office is a large organisation issuing an average of 20 million stamps every day and handling nearly 11,000 million items of mail every year. Early postal charges were paid according to the number of sheets to a letter and the distance they were carried. The recepient was usually told to pay the postal fee when the letter was delivered. On January 10, 1840 the prepaid rate of one penny for all letters to be delivered anywhere in Britain was introduced. The first posting box was built in 1852 on the island of Jersey and in 1854 the first posting boxes appeared in the British towns and cities. Some time later red round posting boxes (pillar-boxes) were introduced. But they have not always been red in colour. At first they were green, brown, blue or yellow. And only in 1874 they were painted red. At the same time postmen were also given bright red coats and soon they were nicknamed "Redbreasts” or ”Robins". This is probably why we find pictures of robins so often on British Christmas cards. Nowadays, however, postmen wear dark blue. The early post horses were succeeded by Royal Mail coaches drawn by four horses. In the busy streets the guard of Royal Mail coach used to blow his horn and everybody stopped as nobody was allowed to hold up the mail coach. In England you can buy stamps from the Post Office or from a small automatic machine by the side of a pillar-box, a round red letter-box standing on the corner of a street. Sometimes there is a small post office in a shop. The Post Offices open at half past eight in the morning and close at 5.30 p. m. on weekdays and at 3 p. m. on Saturdays. There are two kinds of stamps—the first class and the second class. First class letters cost more and they are quicker. They usually arrive first delivery next morning. Second class letters are cheaper but they are slower.
Notes Royal Post Office - королевская почта Master of Posts - почтмейстер Royal Mail coach - королевская почтовая карета Guard зд . - кучер
Vocabulary to be in charge of - возглавлять postal charge / fee - почтовый тариф, сбор on horseback - верхом на лошади issue, v - выпускать handle, v зд. - обрабатывать items of mail - почтовые отправления number of sheets to a letter - количество листов в письме recepient, n - получатель prepaid rate - предварительный сбор (пошлина) to be nicknamed - получить прозвище robin / redbreast, n - малиновка succeed, v - заменять, замещать Christmas card - рождественская открытка hold ( up), v - задерживать by the side - рядом с pillar- box, n - почтовый ящик (на улице) first delivery - первой утренней почтой
Exercise 2
Record the 2nd , the 3rd and the 4th paragraphs of the text beginning with the words <<Early postal charges…>> and ending with the words <<… the mail coach>>. The tape with the recording should be presented at the tutorial session.
Exercise 3 Answer the questions about the text (in written form).
1) When did the British Post Office appear? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Who were the first postmen? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3) What did the early postal charge depend on? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Who paid the postal fee? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5) When was the first posting box built? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6) Why were the postmen nicknamed “Redbreasts”? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8) What did the guard of the mail coach do when they wanted to move the traffic out of the way? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise 4 Ask 4-5 questions about the text (in written form). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 5 Say, what the text is about. Comment on the content of the text (orally). Your interpretation of the text should be presented in oral form at the tutorial session. Exercise 6 From the text, select those facts and ideas concerning posting boxes (in written form). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 7 Compress the text to 5-6-sentences (in written form). ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 8 Review the Grammar material “The Complex Object”. Use any Grammar source you like. The main patterns of the Complex Object are those presented in the chart. Study the patterns. Make sure you know all of them.
Exercise 9 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Write down the correct variant in the space opposite the original sentence.
Exercise 10 Translate the sentences from Russian into English. Write down your translation in the space opposite the original sentence.
Exercise 11 Review the Grammar material “The Complex Subject”. Use any Grammar source you like. The main patterns of the Complex Subject are those presented in the chart. Study the patterns. Make sure you know all of them.
Exercise 12 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Write down the correct variant in the space opposite the original sentence.
Exercise 13 Translate the sentences from Russian into English. Write down your translation in the space opposite the original sentence.
TUTOR’S REMARKS ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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