Environmental policy of the republic of Kazakhstan

During the era of the former Soviet Republic, the State Committee for Environmental  Protection and Natural Resources was in charge of environmental administration in  Kazakhstan. In 1991, the administrative role was transferred to the State Committee of the

Kazakh SSR for Ecology and Environmental Management and in 1994, the Ministry of  Ecology and Bio-Resources was established. As part of the reorganization of government  ministries in March 1997, the Hydrological and Meteorological Administration Bureau, which had been an independent agency until then, was integrated with the Ministry of Ecology and  Bio-Resources. Moreover, in another reorganization of ministries implemented in October

1997, administration related to geology and underground resources that was conducted by the  Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (currently Ministry of Energy and Mineral

Resources) was transferred to the Ministry of Ecology and Bio-resources which its name was  also changed to Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection. Along with this  event, the name of Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources was changed to Ministry of Energy and Industry. Underground Resource Protection Committee was transferred to the Ministry of Energy and

Industry from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection, which therefore changed its name to the Ministry of Environmental Protection . The functions and

duties prescribed in the ordinance for establishing the ministry and organization of the Ministry of Environmental Protection are as follows. Functions• Planning environmental protection policies

• Preparing bills and drafting the revision of laws regarding environmental protection• Obliging all management entities to comply with environmental protection standards and  supervising them • Maintaining state control systems in the area of environmental protection and formulating  the plan to improve the system • Studying economic approaches in environmental protection within the scope of authority• Participating in international cooperation in the area of environmental protection

14-legislative provision of state environmental policy The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is a United States environmental lawthat promotes the enhancement of the environment and established thePresident's Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). The law was enacted on January 1, 1970. As the bill was an early step towards the development of theUnited States's environmental policy, NEPA is referred to as the “environmental Magna Carta”. NEPA's most significant outcome was the requirement that all executivefederal agencies prepareenvironmental assessments (EAs) and environmental impact statements(EISs). These reports state the potential environmental effects of proposed federal agency actions.^[2] NEPA does not apply to the President,Congress, or the federal courts. The preamble to NEPA reads: "To declare national policy which will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment; to promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere and stimulate the health and welfare of man; to enrich the understanding of the ecological systems and natural resources important to the Nation; and to establish a Council on Environmental Quality. NEPA contains three sections: the first section outlines national environmental policies and goals; the second establishes provisions for federal agencies to enforce such policies and goals; and the third establishes of the CEQ in the Executive Office of the President. The purpose of NEPA is to ensure that environmental factors are weighted equally when compared to other factors in the decision making process undertaken by federal agencies and to establish a national environmental policy. The act also promotes the CEQ to advise the President in the preparation of an annual report on the progress of federal agencies in implementing NEPA. It also established the CEQ to advise the president on environmental policy and the state of the environment.

NEPA establishes this national environmental policy by requiring federal agencies to prepare an environmental impact statement to accompany reports and recommendations for Congressional funding. This impact statement is known as an EIS.

⇐ Предыдущая12345678910Следующая ⇒

Поделиться: