Give explanation to Global energy and environment strategy

Between 1970 and 2009 the world has seen six economic crises, directly or indirectly related to energy issues and subsequently also to emerging imbalances. These mutually resonating and consequently cumulative crisis development society's aptitude to successfully resolve long-term as well as mid-term problems into question. Thus, the whole system of relations in the global community is the global community is facing new challenges which require an adequate response. Nonetheless, while the global crisis opens up unique chances for renewal it also gives little time for their practical implementation. The UN could initiate work on revising and significantly correcting current development strategies. This is extremely important in order for mankind to timely and competently move from old way of life to a radically new global order. It is absolutely clear that particular countries and regions are unable to independently cope with the current global problems. Therefore, addressing the 66th Session of the UN General Assembly in September 2011, the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev proposed to develop and discuss the Global Energy and Environment Strategy and the large-scale Green Bridge environmental initiative at the UN Conference on Sustainable Development.

Ecological, social and economic well-being of the developed countries depends mostly on services provided by ecosystems in the developing countries, and on outside supply of natural and energy resources. Developing countries, in their turn, do not have sufficient potential to protect ecosystems and resolve social and economic problems. Therefore, future global development programmes should be based on partnerships between civilizations and on partnerships between the developed and the developing countries. These are partnerships which all parties are interested in. A specific role in this renewal process is held by the energy industry that today is developing into an increasingly important basis for relations between countries and The framework for the Strategy has been developed and discussed over a few years by a global team of scientists from Russia, Kazakhstan, USA, Germany, China and other countries. A 10-volume work "2050 Global Forecast of Civilizations Development" has been developed. Background research and studies used for the development of the strategy have also been summarized into the monograph "Global energy and environment strategy of sustainable development in XXI century" (Kazakhstan has suggested to use the work of the global team of scientists as a basis for long-term forecasting and development of joint actions for sustainable energy, as part of the preparatory process for the World Summit on sustainable development "Rio+20", and as a recommendation for national proposals.. The proposed Strategy is in line with the UN initiative "Sustainable energy for everyone", complementing it with scientifically grounded forecasts and calculations, and can be used in further joint and practical collaboration.

 

50.From which parts contains the company's report sustainable development? In Kazakhstan, there is a full spectrum of problems typical for under-developed countries.

Lack of environmental policy in Kazakhstan leads to a constant replacement of priorities in the sphere of environmental protection and natural resources utilization. This causes squandering of the state money, deterioration of the natural environment, and lowering of the quality of life. On May 30, 2013, a Decree of the President established a concept of Kazakhstan’s transition to “green economy.” At the present time, the state officials make active attempts to demonstrate seriousness of their intentions.[i] But this concept contradicts many provisions of the national and international legislations. Moreover, it allows ministries and departments to develop plans of construction of atomic power stations, implement production of genetically modified organisms, destroy ecological systems of national parks and clear cut specially valuable forestlands. As indicated above, officials admit that the “problem of environmental pollution is becoming acute and serious, and on a local level, it is very dangerous.”

“Trends for different types of pollutants are quite different. For instance, from 2009 to 2012 the volumes of the following pollutants decreased: crude wastewater discharged into water bodies - by 7.6%, and their share in the total volume of waste waters - by 12.9%; emissions of dust - by 7.1%, lead - by 29.3%, mercury - by 33.3%, arsenic - by 46.2%, dichloroethane - by 67.1%.

During the same four years, from 2009 to 2012, the following indicators increased: emissions of nitrogen oxides - by 20.7%, ammonia - by 29.4%, non-methane volatile organic compounds - by 33%, hydrocarbons - 30.7 %, cadmium - by 168.5%, toluene - by 50.2%, benzopyrene - by 6.9%.

… Pollutants worsen a quality of drinking water, air and make an adverse impact not only on biodiversity, but also on human health.”

 

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