What do you know about the role of basic international organizations in world politics?

1.Germany – federative parliamentary republic. There are in Lower House of Parliament 630 representatives elected by mixed system (in last election 630=299+331). Two main political parties are Christian Democrats and Social Democrats. Political leader of the country is Chancellor Angela Merkel.

German: Deutschland, pronounced officially the Federal Republic of Germany is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of 357,021 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi), and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. capital city Berlin Chancellor Angela Merkel (leader of the Christian Democrats)

 GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 3466$ billions

Form state: federation 

Forms government: Republic

System of government: parliamentary

Upper House Bundes rat

Lower House bundes rat lower house of parliament 709 (299+410)

Germany is a federal, parliamentary, representative democratic republic. The German political system operates under a framework laid out in the 1949 constitutional document known as the Grundgesetz (Basic Law). Amendments generally require a two-thirds majority of both chambers of parliament; the fundamental principles of the constitution, as expressed in the articles guaranteeing human dignity, the separation of powers, the federal structure, and the rule of law are valid in perpetuity.

The president, Frank-Walter Steinmeier (19 March 2017–present), is the head of state and invested primarily with representative responsibilities and powers. He is elected by the Bundesversammlung (federal convention), an institution consisting of the members of the Bundestag and an equal number of state delegates. The second-highest official in the German order of precedence is the Bundestagspräsident (President of the Bundestag), who is elected by the Bundestag and responsible for overseeing the daily sessions of the body. The third-highest official and the head of government is the Chancellor, who is appointed by the Bundespräsident after being elected by the Bundestag

Election for party 4 years Political Leader of the country is Chancellor Angella Merkel                                                           

2.France – unitary presidential republic with complicated majority election system. There are in Lower House of Parliament 577 representatives. Two main political parties are Socialists and Republicans. Political leader of the country is President Francois Hollande.

France is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in western Europe, as well asseveral overseas regions and territories. The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. The country's 18 integral regions (5 of which are situated overseas) span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) which, as of October 2017, has a population of 67.15 million people

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 2463$ billions

Form state: unitary

Forms government: Republic

System of government: presidential

Upper House Senate

Lower House National Assembly Parliament 577

The French Republic is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic with strong democratic traditions. The constitution of the Fifth Republic was approved by referendum on 28 September 1958. It greatly strengthened the authority of the executive in relation to parliament. The executive branch itself has two leaders: the President of the Republic, currently Emmanuel Macron, who is head of state and is elected directly by universal adult suffrage for a 5-year term (formerly 7 years), and the Government, led by the president-appointed Prime Minister.

In france Two main political parties now are centrist Republic on marshand Republicans. Before the last election of 2017 during many decades two main parties there were Socialists and Republicans. Election majority system.Political Leader of the country is President Emmanuel Macron (Leader of the Centrists)                                                                                 

3.Britain – unitary parliamentary monarchy with simple majority election system. There are in Lower House of Parliament 650 representatives. Two main political parties are Conservatives and Labor. Political leader of the country is Prime Minister Theresa May.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom(UK) and colloquially Great Britain (GB) or simply Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 2629$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: monarchy

System of government: parliamentary

Upper house: house of Lords

Lower house: house of commons of parliament 650 representaves

Election system by majority

Two main political parties are Conservatiyes and Labor. Political Leader of the country is Prime Minister Theresa may (Leader of Conservatiyes Party)                                                                                          

4.Canada – federative parliamentary monarchy with simple majority election system. There are in Lower House of Parliament 338 representatives. Two main political parties are Conservatives and Liberals. Political leader of the country is Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.

Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. It is highlyurbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa,

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 1529$

Form state: Federal

Forms government: monarchy

System of government: parliamentary in Parliament 338 representatives

Upper house: senate

Lower house: house of commons

In Canada two main political parties are Conservatives and Liberals. Political Leader of the country is Prime Minister Justin Trudeau (Leader of the Liberal Party)

5.USA – federative presidential republic with simple majority election system. There are in Lower House of Parliament 435 representatives. Two main political parties are Republicans and Democrats. The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is afederal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km2) and with over 325 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 18569$ billions

Form state: federation 

Forms government: republic

System of government: presidential

Ligislature Congress

Upper House Senate

Lower House House of Representatives (House of Representatives of congress 435)

Within American political culture, the center-right Republican Party is considered "conservative" and the center-left Democratic Party is considered "liberal". The states of the Northeast and West Coast and some of the Great Lakes states, known as "blue states", are relatively liberal. The "red states" of the South and parts of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains are relatively conservative.

In the 115th United States Congress, both the House of Representatives and the Senate are controlled by the Republican Party. The Senate consists of 52 Republicans, and 46 Democrats with 2 Independents who caucus with the Democrats; the House consists of 241 Republicans and 194 Democrats. In state governorships, there are 33 Republicans, 16 Democrats, and 1 Independent. Among the DC mayor and the 5 territorial governors, there are 2 Republicans, 1 Democrat, 1 New Progressive, and 2 Independents.

In USA president and congress election 5 years Political Leader of the country is President Donald Trump (Republican)                                                                                      

 

 

 

6.Japan - unitary parliamentary monarchy with mixed election system. There are in Lower House of Parliament 480 representatives. Two main political parties are Liberal Democrats and Democrats. Political leader of the country is Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.

System of government: parliamentary in Parliament 475 representatives

Upper house: house of Councillors

Lower house: house of Representavies Japan is a sovereign island nation in East Asia. Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands. The population of 127 million is the world's tenth largest.Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population. Tokyo, the capital of Japan.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 4938$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: monarchy

 

Two main parties are now Liberal Democrats and Constitutional Democrats. Political Leader of the country is Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (Leader of Liberal Democrats Party)                                                                                                 

7.India – is federative parliamentary republic. There are in Lower House of Parliament 545 representatives. Two main political parties are Bharatiya Janata Party and Indian National Congress. Political leader of the country is Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

 India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. It is theseventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 2256$

Form state: Federal

Forms government: Republic

System of government: parliamentary in Parliament 545 representatives

Upper house: Rajya Sabha 

Lower house: Lok Sabha

Two main political parties are Bharatiya Janata Party(BJA ia a right party) and Indian National Congress (Center-left party). Political Leader of the country is Prime Minister Narendra Modi (Leader of the BJA party)                                                                     

8.Turkey – is unitary presidential republic with proportional electoral system. There are in Parliament 550 representatives. The ruling party is AKParty (Party of Justice and Development). Political leader of the country is President Recep Tayyip Erdogan

Turkey officially the Republic of Turkey is a country in South Africa and partially separated in the territory of South Africa (20% of the population) - in South Europe (Eastern Thrace). Establishment - 79.4 million people. (2016), on the territory of the region - 783 562 State language is Turkish.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 857$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: Republic

System of government: presidential

Lower house: Senate of the Republic in Parliament 550 representatives.

The ruling party is AK Party (Party of Justice and Development). There are in Parliament several other parties. Political leader of the country is President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (Leader of the Party AK) election by system proportional.

9.Brazil – is a federative presidential republic. There are in Lower House of Parliament 513 representatives elected by proportional system. 

Brazil officially the Federative Republic of Brazil is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the sixth-most populous. The capital is Brasília, and the largest city by population is São Paulo.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 1798$

Form state: Federal

Forms government: Republic

System of government: presidential

Upper house: Federal Senate  

Lower house: Chamber of deputies in Parliament 513 representatives election by system proportional       

         

 

10. Georgia – unitary republic having parliament with 150 representatives, which elected by mixed electoral system. Two main parties are “Georgian Dream” and “United National Movement”. Georgia (/ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/ ( listen); Georgian: საქართველო, translit.: sakartvelo,IPA: [sɑkʰɑrtʰvɛlɔ] ( listen)) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. Thecapital and largest city is Tbilisi. Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 square kilometres (26,911 sq mi), and its 2017 population is about 3.718 million. Georgia is a unitary semi-presidential republic, with the government elected through a representative democracy.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 14$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: Republic

Parliament have 150 representatives, which elected by mixed system (77+73) Two main political parties are “Georgia Dream” and “United National Movement”

11.Lithuania – is unitary republic. There are in Parliament 141 representatives elected by mixed electoral system (70 by proportional system and 71 by complicated majority system). Lithuania officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country The area is 65 300 square kilometers.. The length from north to south is 280 kilometers and from west to east is 370 kilometers. The population is 3 054 000 people - by these indicators is the largest Baltic state.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 43$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: Republic

There are in Parliament 141 representatives elected by mixed electoral system (70 by proportional system and 71 by complicated majority system)

12.Russia – is a federative presidential republic with mixed electoral system (450=225+225). The ruling party is “United Russia” and political leader of the country is President Vladimir Putin.

Russia also officially known as the Russian Federation country in Eurasia. At 17,125,200 square kilometres (6,612,100 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people at the end of March 2016

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 1280$

Form state: federal

Forms government: Republic

System of government: presidential in Parliament have 450 members (225+225)

Lower house: state Duma

The ruling party is “United Russia”. Thera are in State Duma three other parties. Political leader of the country is President Vladimir Putin (in fact since 2000) the election mixed system

13.Kazakhstan – is a unitary presidential republic with in fact proportional electoral system. There are in Lower House of Parliament (Majilis) 107 representatives, and political leader of the country is the President Nursultan Nazarbayev.

Kazakhstan officially the Republic of Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of 2,724,900 square kilometres in Kazakhstan 17,987,736 people

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 133$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: Republic

System of government: presidential 

Lower house of Parliament Majilis 107 representatives (98 of them elected by the proportional system) The ruling party “Nur Otan” and political leader of the country is President Nursultan Nazarbayev.

    

 14 Poland officially the Republic of Poland is a sovereign country in Central Europe. It is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, covering an area of 312,679 square kilometres with a mostly temperate climate. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the sixth most populous member state of the European Union. Poland's capital and largest city isWarsaw. Other cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk and Szczecin.

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 467$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: Republic

Upper house: Senate

Lower house: Seim

in Parliament 460 representatives Poland the main political parties are “Law and Justice” (Conservatise) ”Cives Platfors” (centrists) election system in Poland proportional

15. The Kyrgyz Republic is a country The area is 199,951 square kilometers. In Kyrgyzstan 6,019,480 people

GDP of 2016 (by IMF) 6$

Form state: unitary

Forms government: Republic

System of government: presidential 

Lower house: Jogorku Kenesh

In Parliament have 120 representatives and 6 political parties, the biggest one is the Social Democratic Party. The election in Kyrgyzstan proportional system                                                                                                             

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