IF YOU RUN AFTER TWO HARES, YOU WILL CATCH NEITHER

    Explain why it is necessary to do one thing after another, not several things at a time.

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Task 4. Read an old English story about a dog.

A REAL FRIEND

    Many years ago a rich man named Llewellyn lived in the mountains of Wales. He had a little son two years old, whom he loved very dearly. Gelert, a large hound, was always near the boy. He was ready to protect him at any moment.

    One morning, as Llewellyn prepared to do hunting, Gelert could not be found, and Llewellyn had to go without him. That day the hunt was not good because his favourite hound was absent. When Llewellyn came back home late in the afternoon, Gelert came running to meet him. There was blood on his face and head. Llewellyn hurried to the room where the child slept.

    The child could not be seen in the room. The bed, chairs and tables were overturned. Here and there he could see blood on the floor.

    Llewellyn turned to Gelert and said, “You have killed my child!” So he killed the dog. But a few minutes late he found his son in his overturned bed. He was all right. Then he saw the body of a large grey wolf lying in a dark corner of the room.

    Then Llewellyn understood everything. Gelert had killed the wolf before it attacked the child.

    Llewellyn laid a great stone in his yard as a monument to his hound Gelert.

 

Task 5. Do the tasks (Famous Animals and Pets):

Try to use the following:

1. Gelert is the hero of an old story. Tell any other stories you may know about famous animals.

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2. An animal that is kept at home is a pet. Cows, sheep and pigs are domestic animals, they are kept by man.  

Describe your pets and domestic animals if you have any.

Why does your family keep them? How do you take care of them? Which pet do you think is most friendly?

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3. The keeping of pets is quite popular now. When the subject of animals comes up in conversation, everyone usually has something to say.

Ask your partner what he thinks about keeping pets and tell him what you think.

(Animals must live with other animals, not with people; we must not keep large animals in our flats; today many people live too far from nature, its forests and rivers; we are part of the animal kingdom and of the world around us; it is natural for man to take care of animals, to study them and to be friends with them; some people are ready to pay a lot of money for a pet which is only a living toy for them.)

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5. Природа и экология (10 часов)

( Nature and Ecology )

The World around us. ( Мы и мир вокруг нас)

Task 1.The problems of ecology are very important now. Which problem is the most urgent, in your opinion? What can you and the people around you do to protect the planet? Read the following text to understand it.

Environmental problems have become exceptionally acute in the modern world, and environmental protection has become a vital necessity (жизненная необходимость) for all people.

Our planet is in serious danger. One of the most important environmental problems in the world today is the shortage (нехватка) of clean water. Industrial pollution has made many sources of water undrinkable. Rivers, lakes and even seas have become poisonous (ядовитый). Thousands of fish die every year as a result of the illegal dumping of waste (нелегальный сброс отходов) in rivers by factories all over the world.

Lake Baikal is one of the world’s largest and most beautiful lakes. It contains a rich variety of fish and plants, including 1.300 rare species (редкие виды) that do not exist anywhere else in the world. However, they are being killed by massive industrial waste, which some factories still pour (сливать) into the lake every day. A few years ago people thought that the supply (запас) of clean water was unlimited. Now clean water is scarce (ограниченный), and we are beginning to respect this precious resource (бесценный источник, ресурс). We must protect the clean water that remains for the sake of our children and grandchildren.

Air pollution (загрязнение воздуха) is another important problem. In hundreds of cities and towns the concentration of harmful substances (вредные вещества) in the air is over ten times the admissible level (допустимый уровень). Every day a huge number of plants and factories emit lots of harmful substances into the atmosphere of big cities. The great increase in the use of motor cars in the last quarter of the twentieth century has caused (стало причиной) an increase in a new kind of air pollution. Pollution from factories and cars poison the air we breathe, and is the main reason for the greenhouse effect (парниковый эффект) and acid rain (кислотный дождь).

Acid rain can damage life in lakes and rivers and destroy forests. The greenhouse effect may also have disastrous consequences (разрушительные последствия) for our planet. It is already affecting areas of the world with unusual weather causing droughts (наводнения) or heavy storms (штормы). The world’s temperature is going up and the climate is changing. Cutting down on emissions from large combustion plants and exhaust fumes from vehicles would help solve the problem. I think we should try and use alternative energy, such as solar energy and wind energy, and design plants and cars that run on electricity, a much cleaner fuel than petrol.

One of the most alarming environmental problems is depletion of the ozone layer (образование, наличие озонового слоя), which protects the Earth from the dangerous ultraviolet rays of the sun. Because of the ozone holes, the dangerous rays get through the atmosphere, causing skin cancer and other serious diseases. Many scientists think that these ozone holes are the result of air pollution.

In my opinion, the most urgent ecological problem today is the environmental safety of nuclear power stations. Nuclear pollution can’t be seen, but its effect can be terrible. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are. Nuclear waste also endangers people’s lives. People all over the world protest against nuclear tests and nuclear weapons. If we do not take any action, the possibility of a global nuclear disaster is very real.

If we take action now, there might be some hope for the future. If we do nothing, we are heading for disaster!

 

Task 2. Answer the questions:

 

1. What ecological problems are urgent now?

2. What is the influence of pollution on people’s health?

3. What is happening to our forests?

4. What are the consequences of nuclear disasters?

5. Was life better a hundred years ago? Why do you think so?

6. What ecological problems exist in your home town?

7. How can people protect our planet?

8. What is the aim of ecological organizations? What ecological organizations do you know?

9. What can you personally do to keep the world healthy?

10.  Should we reject technological progress?

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Task 3. Learn the topical words:

 

a vital necessity (жизненная необходимость)

the shortage (нехватка)

poisonous (ядовитый)

the illegal dumping of waste (нелегальный сброс отходов)

rare species (редкие виды)

pour (сливать)

the supply (запас)

scarce (ограниченный)

precious resource (бесценный источник, ресурс)

Air pollution (загрязнение воздуха)

harmful substances (вредные вещества)

admissible level (допустимый уровень

has caused (стало причиной)

the greenhouse effect (парниковый эффект) and acid rain (кислотный дождь)

disastrous consequences (разрушительные последствия already affecting areas of

droughts (наводнения) or heavy storms (штормы

depletion of the ozone layer (образование, наличие озонового слоя)

            5.2. Eco of many Cities. ( Экология больших городов )

Task 1. Read the text to understand its main idea using new words:

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