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Рекомендации по выполнению НИРС .



1. Владеть навыками монологической и диалогической речи, использовать новую лексику, уметь вести беседу по изучаемой теме.

2. Владеть навыками изучающего чтения, извлекая необходимую информацию.

Рекомендации по выполнению НИРС .

1. “The secrets of the English language”

2. “Being a good doctor: advantages and disadvantages”.

Приложения

Becoming a doctor

Ten people apply for every place at medical school. How can the interviewers choose those who will become the best doctors? People sometimes criticize medical schools for selecting the best students and ignoring qualities such as maturity, adaptability and common sense. But it is impossible to say which of all the students being interviewed will develop these qualities. How, then, should you decide if medicine is the right career for you?

Often, the most intelligent children in a school are encouraged to study medicine. But the study of medicine does not demand great intellect. It demands a good memory, and the willpower to read many long and boring textbooks. It demands great physical strength, for you must sometimes stay awake all night and go for hours without food. It also demands humility, for you will make mistakes.

Salary, security and status are important to most people. But they are not themselves good reasons to study medicine. Love of science is a more honorable aim, but doctors who love only science will not find fulfillment in clinical medicine. A fascination with diseases is essential, but the student must also care about the people who suffer from those diseases. Ask yourself: does the human side of medicine attract or repel me?

In the past, doctors did not show their emotions. Patients could live or die, but the doctor remained unemotional. Nowadays, doctors know that their work often needs laughter, tears and anger as well as science. The good doctor can use his own emotions as part of the therapy. When a child dies in the hospital after a car accident, the parents’ only comfort may be the sweat and the tears on the face of the doctor who tried to save him.

Good doctors can be extroverted or shy, ambitious or modest, radical or conventional, brilliant or mediocre. People with disabilities and/or diseases - including deafness, paraplegia, diabetes and cancer - have studied medicine. They can become particularly sensitive doctors. To be a good doctor, you will need a love of life and living things. If you can ignore a crying baby; if you have never looked forward to spring; if you find uneducated people dull; if you are the happiest when you are alone - medicine is not the career for you.

When I was a young medical student, I was once rude about a patient. My professor took me aside to discipline me. ”From today,” he said,” you will begin to think and act as a doctor. But remember, you will never cease to be a medical student.” The old professor meant this: first, I must acquire a professional and compassionate approach to patients; and second, that medical science is continually changing and my studies would not end when I graduate.

The first two or three years of medical school are the pre-clinical years.

The student learns anatomy (the bones, muscles and organs of the human body), physiology (how the body works), biochemistry (the chemical reactions occurring in the body’s cells), pharmacology (the chemistry of drugs) and pathology (the study of diseases).

There is much to learn. The body has over 50 organs, 100 joints, 200 bones, 400 nerves, 500 arteries and 600 muscles, as well as 8 meters of gut and 100 square meters of lung. Every cell carries 10,000 genes on two meters of DNA in 46 chromosomes. There are 3,000 known inherited diseases and another 50,000 acquired diseases. More than 20,000 drugs are available to treat these diseases.

Only the foolish medical student tries to learn all this. The wise student learns only the basic facts. He tries to view the whole, rather than the details of its parts. He must gain a “feel” for how the body works and heals. In future years, this feel for the body will remain when the details are forgotten.

The later (clinical) years at medical school are spent in hospitals learning about illness. Illness is what the patient feels that something is wrong with him. A disease (for example, diabetes) can produce a wide spectrum of illness, depending on how the patient copes with the problem. Some people with diabetes feel that they are crippled and worthless; other people with the same disease live normal and active lives. One person who has a cold goes to bed for a week; another person goes to the doctor for some medicine; another person does not even think that he is ill. The student must learn how the patient’s beliefs, personality and culture influence the disease. He must learn to use his personality to reassure and comfort the patient. When he can do this, he will be ready to perform operations and prescribe drugs.

The medical course in Britain lasts five years; in the United States it lasts eight. After the final examinations, the student may call himself a doctor, but he cannot practice medicine alone yet. He does a residency (one or two years); working under supervision, usually in a hospital. Much of their work is administrative and boring. They are usually too inexperienced to win the patients’ respect. They live, eat and sleep within the hospital, which sometimes feels like a prison. The exciting areas of medicine, such as heart transplants and “wonder drugs”, seem a long way away.

Residents learn that a degree in medicine is the beginning, not the end, of the road to success. Whatever branch of medicine the young doctor enters, he must study for at least three more years as well as doing a fulltime job. For some specialties, such as surgery, the young doctor will spend another ten years studying. Over half of all doctors now take postgraduate examinations later in their careers.

Medical school is not a passport to a glamorous and exciting life, and there are certainly easier ways to earn a high salary. Doctors have twice the rate of alcoholism, divorce, and suicide as other professional people, and women doctors often have difficulty combining medicine with motherhood. But the rewards of understanding, and occasionally curing, the diseases of the human body and mind, have no parallel in any other profession.



Тема № 2

Название темы: «The Medical University».

2. Формы работы: подготовка к практическим занятиям, подготовка материалов по НИРС.

3. Перечень вопросов для самоподготовки по теме практического занятия.

Знать лексический минимум по изучаемой теме, уметь находить запрашиваемую информацию, высказываться в монологической форме на профессионально-ориентированную тему; владеть грамматическими навыками, а именно: уметь употреблять страдательный залог.

 

Задания.

1. Отработка нового лексического материала:

Applicants - абитуриенты; to conduct research – проводить исследования ; to master - овладевать, усваивать; promotion - продвижение, повышение (по службе); higher-ranking – высокопоставленный; non-resident – иногородний.

 

2. Поставьте следующие предложения в страдательный залог:

Model: A nurse fills in a patient’s temperature chart. – A patient’s temperature chart is filled in by a nurse.

1. The doctor asks his patient about his complaints.

2. Professor Smirnov delivers lectures at the University.

3. This drug produces a favourable effect.

4. Nurses keep all the drugs in special cabinets.

5. Everybody respects him.

3. Поставьте следующие предложения в форме Future Simple Passive:

Model: The teeth are extracted under local anaesthesia.- The teeth will be extracted under local anaesthesia.

1. I am asked at every lesson.

 2. The temperature is taken three times a day.

3. We are invited to his lecture.

4. Roses are grown in this park.

 

4. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительной форме и отрицательную формы:

1. The patients are discharged in the morning.

2. The patient is accompanied by his brother.

3. The operation will be performed in two hours.

4. They will be invited to the conference.

5. From the left heart the blood is pumped into the aorta.

6. The blood from the aorta is distributed throughout the body.

7. Theses textbooks will be distributed among all the students of our group.

8. Those who have been in close contact with the infected patients must be quarantined for a time.

9. Numerous questions were being discussed at the lesson.

10. Those patients have been taken care of by the nurses.

 

5. Работа с текстом « Krasnoyarsk State Medical University ».

Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.

1. How was KrasSMU founded?

2. How many departments are there at the University at present and what are they?

3. Who works at the University?

4. How do young people enter the University?

5. How many periods is the state programme divided into?

6. What happens at the end of the six year course?

 

6. Изучающее чтение текста “The Therapeutic Faculty” или “The Pediatric Faculty” в зависимости от специальности.

 

7. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What is a CV?

2. Нow many sections does a standard CV consist of? What are they?

3. What does the issue “Personal Information” include?

4. What is recommended to be written in the Objective of the CV?

5. Are there any special rules for presenting your work experience?

6. What may be presented as additional skills?

7. What subjects do the students of the Therapeutic faculty study during the first year?

8. What human qualities must the doctor have?

9. What do you know about the history of the Therapeutic faculty of the Krasnoyarsk State Medical University?

10. How long does the course of training in the Medical University last?

 

8. Прочитайте диалог и скажите о чем беседуют Марина и студент из Иордании, которые учатся в мед. академии в России. (Стр.265 упр.8)

 

7. Повторение грамматического материала Passive Voice. Понятие – Active Voice – Passive Voice, предлоги места, движения и времени.

 

В английском языке глаголы могут иметь два залога: действительный залог ( the Active Voice ) и страдательный залог ( the Passive Voice ). Глагол в действительном залоге обозначает действие, которое производится подлежащим:

I examined the patient.                        Я осмотрел больного.

Глагол в страдательном залоге обозначает действие, которое производится над подлежащим:

I was examined.  

Времена страдательного залога группы Simple образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в Present , Past или Future Simple и причастия II смыслового глагола.

В вопросительной форме вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим, причем в Future Simple на 1-ое место ставится вспомогательный глагол shall или will .

Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи отрицательной частицы not , которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола, при этом в Future Simple  эта частица ставится после 1-го вспомогательного глагола shall или will .

 

В США резюме принято называть Resume, в Европе - CV (Curriculum Vitae). Стандартная форма резюме европейского уровня включает в себя 6 основных частей:

1. Личная информация (Personal Information)

2. Цель (Objective)

3. Опыт работы (Work Experience)

4. Образование (Education)

5. Специальные навыки (Additional Skills)

6. Рекомендации (References)


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