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And French to the south, the Celtic
Gaels were swept away.
Williams provides us with some information on what the new Scottish population looked like after 1100 C.E. One Viking invader, Thorfinn II the Black (died ca. 1060), was reputed to be
Robert Kerr (1578-1654), the First Earl of Ancram. Note his head covering and facial physiognomy. Courtesy Scot- tish National Portrait Gallery.
extremely large and tall, “ugly of aspect, black-haired, sharp featured and somewhat tawny” (p. 102). Except for his enormous size, Thorfinn is not exactly the handsome, blonde Viking warrior one might envisage.
Two additional points made by Williams require attention. The first concerns the Beatons, a hereditary family of medical doctors (p. 216). We learn that they were the tra- ditional physicians to the Lord of the Isles. The family had come to the Isles from Ire- land in the rule of Angus Og (1299-1330) and were famous for their exceptional learning and knowledge. “They reportedly followed the teachings of Avicenna the Persian, whose canon was the basis of European medical practice for over five hundred years. In a period when it was becoming fashionable to think of the Islands as unlettered and barbaric, the Beatons possessed a copy of Avicenna’s eleventh-century work long before it was trans- lated into English, or faculties of medicine were established in the universities of Scot- land and England. Members of the family also became seannachies (landed nobility) in Mull and the Outer Hebrides. Their library was known to include the earliest transla- tion into any European language of an account of The Fall of Troy.” Notably, the primary centers of medical science at that time were Persia and Iberia, countries ruled by Muslims and populated extensively by Jews. As will be discussed later, it is likely that Judeo-Islamic civi- lization was the origin of the Beaton family and its medical knowledge. Their presence in Scotland is an indication of im- portant intellectual currents at work.
Second, Williams remarks that bagpipes — the musical in- struments most associated in the popular imagination with Celts and Scotland — first gained Popularity in Scotland at the Outset of the 1500s. This was an Age when Celtic culture was in Eclipse, but it was a time that Saw the mass expulsion of Jews And Moors from Spain due to the Spanish Inquisition. Sig- nificantly, the bagpipe origi- nated in ancient Mesopotamia.
In this portrait, Allan Ramsay (1686-1758), the poet, is shown and Greece and was popuIar in to have a Mediterranean complexion. He wears an orange silk turban and brown Middle-Eastern or Moroccan style coat and Spain and southern France shirt. Courtesy Scottish National Portrait Gallery.. before it entered or re-entered
Then to Ireland and Scotland. It is a Middle Eastern and Central Asian musical instrument, not one indigenous to the British Isles.
The CanmoreSy Richard Oram (2002)
From Williams’ account, we now turn to a shorter work by Oram (2002), focused on the Scottish ruling family of primary importance to our thesis. The Canmore Dynasty began in 1058 with the ascension of Malcolm Canmore to the Scots throne and lasted until the end of Alexander Ill’s reign in 1286. The connections are depicted in Figure 1 on page 13.
Examining the genealogy in Figure 1 provides some indication of just how Euro- pean and Mediterranean the Scottish royal family became. Malcolm and Margaret’s son Alexander I not only carried a Greek given name previously unused by Scotland’s nobility, but he also married Sybilla, the ille- gitimate daughter of England’s King Henry I. Alexander’s brother, David I, who ruled from 1124 to 1153, married a French noblewoman, Matilda de St. Liz (Senlis, a town in Normandy), granddaughter of William the Conqueror. This king’s given Name, David, was also previously Unknown among the Scots lairds. |
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