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And French to the south, the Celtic



Gaels were swept away.

 

Williams provides us with

some information on what the

new Scottish population looked

like after 1100 C.E. One Viking

invader, Thorfinn II the Black

(died ca. 1060), was reputed to be

 

Robert Kerr (1578-1654), the First Earl of Ancram. Note

his head covering and facial physiognomy. Courtesy Scot-

tish National Portrait Gallery.

 

extremely large and tall, “ugly of aspect, black-haired, sharp featured and somewhat

tawny” (p. 102). Except for his enormous size, Thorfinn is not exactly the handsome,

blonde Viking warrior one might envisage.

 

Two additional points made by Williams require attention. The first concerns the

Beatons,  a hereditary family of medical doctors (p. 216). We learn that they were the tra-

ditional physicians to the Lord of the Isles. The family had come to the Isles from Ire-

land in the rule of Angus Og (1299-1330) and were famous for their exceptional learning

and knowledge. “They reportedly followed the teachings of Avicenna the Persian, whose

canon was the basis of European medical practice for over five hundred years. In a period

when it was becoming fashionable to think of the Islands as unlettered and barbaric, the

Beatons possessed a copy of Avicenna’s eleventh-century work long before it was trans-

lated into English, or faculties of medicine were established in the universities of Scot-

land and England. Members of the family also became seannachies (landed nobility) in

Mull and the Outer Hebrides. Their library was known to include the earliest transla-

tion into any European language of an account of The Fall of Troy.” Notably, the primary

centers of medical science at

that time were Persia and Iberia,

countries ruled by Muslims and

populated extensively by Jews.

As will be discussed later, it is

likely that Judeo-Islamic civi-

lization was the origin of the

Beaton family and its medical

knowledge. Their presence in

Scotland is an indication of im-

portant intellectual currents at

work.

 

Second, Williams remarks

that bagpipes — the musical in-

struments most associated in

the popular imagination with

Celts and Scotland — first gained

Popularity in Scotland at the

Outset of the 1500s. This was an

Age when Celtic culture was in

Eclipse, but it was a time that

Saw the mass expulsion of Jews

And Moors from Spain due to

the Spanish Inquisition. Sig-

nificantly, the bagpipe origi-

nated in ancient Mesopotamia.

 

In this portrait, Allan Ramsay (1686-1758), the poet, is shown and Greece and was popuIar in

to have a Mediterranean complexion. He wears an orange silk

turban and brown Middle-Eastern or Moroccan style coat and Spain and southern France

shirt. Courtesy Scottish National Portrait Gallery.. before it entered or re-entered

 

 

Then to Ireland and Scotland. It is a Middle Eastern and Central Asian musical instrument, not

one indigenous to the British Isles.

 

The CanmoreSy Richard Oram (2002)

 

From Williams’ account, we now turn to a shorter work by Oram (2002), focused on

the Scottish ruling family of primary importance to our thesis. The Canmore Dynasty began

in 1058 with the ascension of Malcolm Canmore to the Scots throne and lasted until the

end of Alexander Ill’s reign in 1286. The connections are depicted in Figure 1 on page 13.

 

Examining the genealogy in Figure 1 provides some indication of just how Euro-

pean and Mediterranean the

Scottish royal family became.

Malcolm and Margaret’s son

Alexander I not only carried a

Greek given name previously

unused by Scotland’s nobility, but

he also married Sybilla, the ille-

gitimate daughter of England’s

King Henry I. Alexander’s

brother, David I, who ruled from

1124 to 1153, married a French

noblewoman, Matilda de St. Liz

(Senlis, a town in Normandy),

granddaughter of William the

Conqueror. This king’s given

Name, David, was also previously

Unknown among the Scots lairds.


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