THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

SOUTH-KAZAKHSTAN STATE UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER M.AUEZOV

 

Report

                    The theme: _ Synchronic translation ___________

 

 

 

Written by: _______________

Group: ___________________

Checked by: ______________

 

 

Plan:

1​ Background

2​ Advantages and difficulties of simultaneous translation

2.1Varieties of simultaneous translation

2.2​ Synchronistic problems arising in the course of work

2.2.1​ The problem of learning simultaneous translators

2.3​ Probabilistic forecasting in the process of simultaneous translation

2.3.1​ Simultaneous translation without visual support

2.3.2​ Training in simultaneous translation with visual support

Conculation

References

 

 

Synchronous translation is one of the most difficult types of interpretation [en], in which the translator translates into the target language simultaneously, simultaneously with the listening comprehension of the source language, unlike sequential translation, when the translator speaks in pauses in speech in the source language [ one]. Synchronist is a translator specializing in simultaneous translation.

Simultaneous translation is usually carried out with the use of special equipment for simultaneous translation, sometimes the step-wipe technique is used for an individual listener. The possibility of simultaneous translation is explained by the fact that in modern languages ​ ​ approximately 50% of words fall to the share of words that do not contain any new information, and it is also essential that some of the information is still not perceived by the audience.

 

 

                                        Background

A patent for equipment for simultaneous translation was issued in 1926 to the American IBM (International Business Machines) in the name of Gordon Finley, a radio engineer and employee of the company.

However, the first experience of using simultaneous translation was carried out in 1928 in the Soviet Union at the VI Congress of the Comintern. “In the magazine“ Krasnaya Niva ”this year you can see translators sitting in chairs in front of the podium. On the neck they have a bulky device that supports the microphone. Phones (headphones) no. The sound is perceived directly from the rostrum, ”the veteran of the Soviet school of simultaneous translation, Ye.A. Gofman, describes the first experience of simultaneous translation.

At the XIII Plenum of the Executive Committee of the Comintern in 1933. For the first time, specially equipped booths and telephones (headphones) appeared.

In 1935, in Leningrad, simultaneous translation was first used at a major international congress. It was the XV International Congress of Physiology. The opening speech of Academician I.P.Pavlov was translated simultaneously into French, English and German. Since then, simultaneous translation was occasionally applied at sessions of the Executive Committee of the Comintern right up to the beginning of the Patriotic War. Abroad there is evidence of attempts to organize simultaneous translation at international conferences held in 1927 in Geneva and in 1938 in Scheveningen (Holland), and in 1936. Simultaneous translation was introduced at meetings of the bilingual Belgian parliament. However, all these experiences were only episodes. Simultaneous translation until the end of the Second World War did not become a professional activity.

Conculation

We can conclude that the level of mastering a foreign language depends primarily on the abilities, experience and knowledge of the translator, not to mention the strength of his character - perseverance and perseverance with which he strives for perfection. It should be noted that outstanding simultaneous interpreters are not limited to a set of patterns in the language that they translate and with which they, as a rule, constantly work, and sometimes reach such a high level of lexical and stylistic expression of thought that their origin is not detected in anything except for pronunciation and intonation. After all, a first-class specialist in the field of translation, especially synchronous, is an eternal student, in at least two ways. First of all, simultaneous translation is not a duty set of frozen techniques and rules, but a living art in which all elements are adjusted, modified and re-created. Secondly, the languages ​ ​ of large cultures are wide rivers where everything quickly flows and changes. In any language, new words and expressions are constantly arising, and their translation, re-routing to another language sometimes requires considerable linguistic ingenuity.

So, when dealing with simultaneous translation, the future specialist must not only follow all the above tips and requirements, but also be aware of the nature of his work, delve into the specifics of the genre in which he works, understand the essence of translation work, and only in these conditions translation work will be a real pleasure and will be a source of pride for a professional.

 

References

 

Deane-Cox, Sharon. Retranslation: Translation, Literature and Reinterpretation. London: Bloomsbury, 2014.

 

Esslin, Martin. ‘Introduction’ in Kott, Jan. Shakespeare Our Contemporary. Trans. Boleslaw Taborski. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1974 [1964], xi-xxi.

 

Hoenselaars, Ton, ed. Shakespeare and the Language of Translation. London: Arden Shakespeare, 2012.

 

Ryan, Kiernan. Shakespeare’s Universality: Here’s Fine Revolution. London: Arden Shakespeare, 2015.

 

Toury, Gideon. Descriptive Translation Studies—and Beyond. Rev. ed. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2012.

THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

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