Use one of the modal verbs in brackets to fill each gap.

1. They (can/might)________________ be away for the weekend but I'm not sure.

2. You (may/might)________________ leave now if you wish.

3. (Could/May)________________ you open the window a bit, please?

4. He (can/could)________________ be from Sheffield, judging by his accent.

5. (May/Can)________________ you swim?

6. Listen, please. You (may not/might not)________________ speak during this exam.

7. They (can't/may not)________________ still be out!

8. You (couldn't/might not)________________ smoke on the bus.

9. With luck, tomorrow (can/could)________________ be a cooler day.

10. You (can/might)________________ be right but I'm going back to check the times.

 

Complete the sentences using the words listed in the box below. Some gaps may have more than one correct answer.

can could have to must might should

 

1. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He ____________ be exhausted after such a long flight. He ____________ prefer to stay in tonight and get some rest.

2. If you want to get a better feeling for how the city is laid out, you ____________ walk downtown and explore the waterfront.

3. Hiking the trail to the peak ____________ be dangerous if you are not well prepared for dramatic weather changes. You research the route a little more before you attempt the ascent.

4. When you have a small child in the house, you ____________ leave small objects lying around. Such objects ____________ be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.

5. Dave: ____________ you hold your breath for more than a minute?

Nathan: No, I can't.

6. Jenny's engagement ring is enormous! It ____________ have cost a fortune.

7. Please make sure to water my plants while I am gone. If they don't get enough water, they ____________ die.

8. I ____________ speak Arabic fluently when I was a child and we lived in Egypt. But after we moved back to Canada, I had very little exposure to the language and forgot almost everything I knew as a child. Now, I ____________ just say a few things in the language.

9. The book is optional. My professor said we ____________ read it if we needed extra credit. But we ____________ read it if we don't want to.

10. Leo: Where is the spatula? It ____________ be in this drawer but it's not here.

Nancy: I just did a load of dishes last night and they're still in the dish washer. It ____________ be in there. That's the only other place it be.

11. You ____________ take your umbrella along with you today. The weatherman on the news said there's a storm north of here and it rain later on this afternoon.

12. ____________ we pull over at the next rest stop? I really ____________ use the bathroom and I don't know if I hold it until we get to Chicago.

13. Oh no! Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He ____________ have left it here last night.

14. Ned: ____________ I borrow your lighter for a minute?

Stephen: Sure, no problem. Actually, you keep it if you want to. I've given up smoking.

15. I ____________ believe she said that to Megan! She insult her cooking in front of everyone at the party last night. She have just said she was full or had some salad if she didn't like the meal.

16. Do you ____________ chew with your mouth open like that? Geez, it's making me sick watching you eat that piece of pizza.

17. Mrs. Scarlett's body was found in the lounge just moments ago, and it's still warm! Nobody has left the mansion this evening, so the killer ____________ be someone in this room. It ____________ be any one of us!

18. Ted: I don't know why Denise starting crying when I mentioned the wedding.

Pamela: It ____________ have been what you said about her brother. Or, perhaps she is just nervous. After all, the big day is tomorrow.

19. ____________ you always say the first thing that pops into your head? ____________ you think once in a while before you speak?

20. I was reading the book last night before I went to bed. I never took it out of this room. It ____________ be lying around here somewhere. Where ____________ it be? be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.

Unit 10

Modal Verb "to be"

To be to as a modal verb is used in the present and past tenses.

e.g. We are to meet at six.     We were to meet at six.

To be to as a modal verb has the following meanings:

 

a) previously arranged plan or obligation resulting from the arrangement (угода, домовленість)	We are to discuss it the following week. Is he to arrive tomorrow? Who was to speak at the meeting?
b) orders and instructions, often official (frequently in reported speech)	I just mention it because you said I was to give you all the details I could. Norman says I am to leave you alone. All junior officers are to report to the colonel at once.
c) something that is destined (визначено (наперед) to happen	He was to be my teacher and friend for many years to come. He did not know at the time that he was never to see his native place again. How was I to know that I was going to meet a raging beauty?

1) Choose the verb to complete the sentences. Use be to + infinitive if possible, and will + infinitive if not.

appear   arrive    become begin feel fit  move resign

1. A man _________________ in court today after a car he was driving killed two pedestrians.

2. The danger is that the bacteria _________________ more resistant to antibiotics over time.

3 The Environment Department has announced that it _________________ 2,000 jobs out of the capital.

4. When the news is broken to him, he _________________ both upset and angry.

5. Work _________________ this week on the new Thames bridge.

6. The Business Information Group said today that Brian Murdoch _________________ as its executive director.

7. We are all hoping that warmer weather _________________ soon.

8 No more than six people _________________ around the table comfortably.

Unit 11

Complex Object

Complex Object – конструкція, що рівнозначна додатковому підрядному реченню, складається з:
- іменника або займенника в непрямому відмінку; - дієслова у формі інфінітива.	I want you to come at 5. – Я хочу, щоб ви прийшли о 5.
Complex Object також може складатися з:
- іменника або займенника: - дієприкметника теперішнього часу.	I felt her heart beating fast. – Я відчував, як часто б'ється її серце.
На українську мову Complex Object перекладається додатковим підрядним реченням з сполучниками що, як, щоб. При цьому іменник або займенник в непрямому відмінку стає підметом, а інфінітив – присудком:

 

Complex Object уживається після дієслів:

а) бажання: to want, to wish, to desire, would like;

б) припущення: to expect, to believe, to think, to suppose, to consider, to find;

в) наказів, прохань: to command, to order, to ask, to allow;

г) чуттєвого сприйняття: to see, to hear, to notice, to feel, to watch, to observe;

д) спонукання до дії: to make, to force, to have, to let;

Після дієслів груп (г) і (д) в конструкції "Complex Object" частинка to не вживається:

She wants him to go to the rock concert. – Вона хоче, щоб він пішов на концерт.

I felt the pain become less. – Я відчув, що біль став менший.

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