Bharatavarsa: Its Rivers and Regions

The sages said:

1. Tell us about the auspicious Bharata country which endows merit, (since) you are intelligent in our opinion. Suta said:

2-6. I shall now describe to you the excellent country Bharata of the god dear to his friends, of Manu the son of Vivasvan, of Prithu, of the wise Vainya; also of the high-souled Iksvaku, of Yayati, Ambarisa, Mandhatr and Nahusa; also of Mucakunda, Kuberosinara, Rsabha; also of Aila, and king Nrga; of Kusika, of the royal sage Gadhi the magnanimous one, also of Soma, and of the royal sage Dillpa; also, O glorious ones, of other powerful ksatriyas and is dear to all beings.

7-8a. Now I shall describe the country as I learnt about it, O brahmanas. These seven are principal mountains; Mahendra, Malaya, Sahya, Suktiman, and also Rksavan; so also Vindhya and Pariyatra.

8b-9a. O brahmanas, there are thousands of (other) mountains near them. They are not (so well)-known, (but) possess excellences and have many variegated peaks.

9b-27a. Other smaller mountains are known (to exsit) and they are inhabited by low tribes. Aryans and MIecchas and many men of mixed (blood) drink (the water of) the pure rivers Ganga, Sindhu, Sarasvati; also (of) Godavari, Narmada having profuse water, (of) the great river Satadru, Candrabhaga, (of) the great river Yamuna, (of) Drsadvati, Vitasta, and Vipapa of pure sands; also (of) the river Vetravati, Krishnaveni, (of) Iravati, Vitasta, Payosnl and Devika; also (of) Vedasmrti, Vedasira, Tridiva, Sindhulakrmi, Karlsini, Chitravaha, and (of) the river Trisena, also Gomati, Dhutapapa, and (of) the great river Candana, Kausiki, the charming Tridiva, Nacita, Rohitarani, Rahasya, Satakumbha, and Sarayu also, O best of brahmanas; similarly (of) Carmanvati, Vetravati, Hastisoma, Dis; SaravatI, Payosnl, Bhima; also Bhimarathi, Kaverl, Culuka, and Ahitapi, and also Satamala; and Nivara, Mahita, also (of) the river Suprayoga, Pavitra, Krishnala, Sindhu, Vajini and PuramalinI, Purvabhirama, VIra and Bhlma, also MalavatI, PalasinI, Papahara, Mahendra, PatalavatI, Karisini, Masiknl, and (of) the great river Kushaclri, Maruta, Pravara, Mena, Hema; also Ghrtavatl, Anavati, Anusna, and Savya, O best brahmanas; and Sadavira, Adhrsya, and (of) the great river Kushacira, RathaChitra, Jyotiratha, Visvamitra and Kapinjala, Candravahaphali, and (of) the river Kuclra, Vainadi, Pingala, and (of) the great river Tungavega, Vidisa, Krishnavena, and Tamra and Kapila also; Dhenu, Sakama, Vedasva, Havisrava, and Mahapatha; also (of) Sipra, Picchala, and the river Bharadvajl, Kaurniki, the river Sona, Bahuda and Candrama; Durga, Antah^ila, and Brahmamedhya and Drsadvati, Paroksa and Rohi; also Jambunadi; Sunasa, Tamasa, Dasi, Samanya, Varana, Asi, Nlla, and Dhrtikari, and the great river Parnasa, Manavl, Vrsabha, Bhasa, Brahmamedhya, Drsadvati.

27b-30. These and others are the many great rivers, O best brahmanas. (Aryans and Mlecchas drink the water of) the always pure Krishna, Mandaga, Mandavahini, Brahmani, Mahagaurl, and Durga also, O best ones; (and of) Citrotpala, Chitraratha, Atula and Rohini; Mandakini, Vaitaranl, and the great river Koka, l^uktimati, Ananga, also Vrsasahvaya; Lohitya, Karatoya, also Vrsakatvaya; Kumari and Rsitulya, and Marlsa and Sarasvati; Mandakini, Supunya, and Sarva, Gahga, O best ones.

31-33a. All these are the mothers of the (whole) world. Like these there are hundreds and thousands of renowned rivers. O brahmanas, I have thus described (to you) the rivers as I remembered them.

33b-65. Hereafter listen to the description of the countries when I am giving it. Among them are Kurupancala, Salva, Madreya, Jangala, Surasena, Pulinda, Baudha, and Mala also; Matsya, Kusila, Saugandhya, Kutsapa, Kasi-kosala; Cedi, Matsya, Karusa, Bhoja, Sindhu and Pulindaka, and Uttama, Dasarna, Mekala with Utkala, Paiicala, Kosala, Nikaprstha, Yugandhara, Bodha, Madra, Kalinga, Kasa, Parakasa, Jathara and Kukura, also Dasarna, O extremely good ones; Kunti, Avanti, also Aparakunti, Gomanta, Mallaka, Pundra, Vidarbha and Nrpavahika; the (South) and North Asmaka, and the smaller Goparastra, Adhirajya, Kushatta, Mallarastra and Kerala; Malava, Upavasya, Cakra, Vakra, Alaya and Saka; Videha, Magadha, Sadma, Malaja and also Vijaya; Anga, Vanga, Kalinga and in the same way Yakrllomana; Malla, Sudesna, Prahlada, Mahisa and also Sasaka; Balhika, Vatadhana, Abhlra, Kalatoyaka, Aparanta, Paranta and Pankala and Carmacandika, Atavlsekhara, and Merubhuta, O best ones; Upavrta, Anupavrta, Surastra and also Kekaya; Kutta, Aparanta, Maheya, Kaksa, Samudra, Niskuta; O brahmanas, Andha and the many hilly tribes, also the tribes residing in the mountains, Anga, Malada, Magadha, Malava, Arghata, Sattvatara, Pravrseya, and Bhargava, O best brahmanas; Pundra, Bharga, Kirata and Sudesna and Bhasura; ^aka, Nisada, Nisadha, also Anarta and Nairta; Purnala, Putimatsya, Kuntala and also Kushaka; Tarigraha, Surasena, Ijika, Kalpa and Karana; Tilabhaga, Masara, Madhumatta, Kakundaka, Kasmlra, Sindhu, Sauvira, Gandhara, and Darsaka; Abhisara, Kudruta, Saurila and Balhika, Darvi and Malava, Darva, Vataja and Amarathoraga; also, O brahmanas, Balaratta, Sudaman, Sumallika, Bandha, Karlsa and also Kulinda and Gandhika, Vanayu, Dasa, Parsvaroman, Kushabindu; Kaccha, Gopalakaccha, Jangala, Kuruvarnaka; Kirata, Barbara, Siddha, Vaideha, Tamraliptika, Audra, Mleccha with Sairindra, Parvatiya (mountaineers), O best ones. O best sages, and other countries are on the south: Dravida, Kerala, Pracya, Musika and Balamiisika; Karnataka, Mahisaka, Vikandha and Musika also; Jhallika, Kuntala, also Sauhrda, Anala and Kanana; also Kaukkutaka, Bola, Kokana, Manivalaka; Samanga, Kanaka and Kunkura, Angara and Marisa; Dhvajinyutsavasaihketa, Trivarga and Malyaseni; Vyudhaka, Koraka, Prosta, Sangavegadhara also; also Vindhya, Rulika, Pulinda with Balvala; Malava, Malara also, and also Aparavartaka; Kulinda, Kalada, also Candakaand Kurata; Musala, Tanavala, Satlrtha, Putisrnjaya; Anidaya, ^ivata, and also Tapana and Sfitapa; and Rsika and Vidarbha, Tangana and Aparatangaka; O best sages, the others at the north are Mlecchas; the Yavanas with Kambojas are terrible Mleccha tribes; Sakrghrhas, Kulatyas Hiinas with Parasikas, also Ramanas and others (like) Dasamalikas are other tribes. There are ksatriya colonies and also the families of vaisyas and shudras. (There are the tribes called) Sura, Abhira, Darada, Kasmira with Pasu; also Kharidika, Tusara, Padmaga, Girigahvara, Adreya with Bharadvaja, also Stanaposaka; Drosaka, Kalinga, and Kirata tribes, (those) killing with javelins and Karabhanjaka. These and others are the countries which are on the eastern and northern sides; O brahmarias, I described them by way of an illustration; so (I explained) the great fruit, according to their virtue and power, the three goals (of human life).

 

CHAPTER SEVEN

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