Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология
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Some people think that it is necessary to have a good command of a foreign language to get a good job. Do you agree with this?



Of course I agree. Nowadays it’s almost impossible to imagine any profession without global communication. You need a foreign language so as to contact your colleagues from different countries or to visit a conference. English has become the language of international trade. That’s why, you’ll be a good candidate for any job if you speak a foreign language.

№ 9 I.  1.Read the interview with a British businessman and say in 2—3 sentences what it is about.       AN     INTERVIEW

Journalist: Do people in your country depend a lot on technology for communication?

Businessman: Yes. Everybody’s using all kinds of phones, mobiles and Internet services. I think the benefits of the computers cannot be denied. They save valuable time and space. Time­consuming tasks such as checking bank accounts can now be done in a matter of minutes and a large volume of information is economically stored on tiny disks. In addition, with immediate access to the Internet, we can always keep up with global and current issues and explore the world from the comfort of our homes.

Journalist: Do you manage to keep up with the development of technologies?

Businessman: I think the fact that methods in business have moved ahead at such speed has meant that we generally have to keep up with it all, whether we want to or not. Otherwise, we’ll be left behind. In fact this need to keep up has also entered the home, where a lot of people spend much money on computer equipment when all they do is play games.

Journalist: How different would everyday life be without technological means of communication?

Businessman: Of course, life would be very different without all these means of communication. For those working in the world of business, life would be much more difficult as it would take much longer to get in touch with other companies and to come to agreement on important matters. Basically, if we didn’t have email systems at home or mobile phones, etc., it wouldn’t be the end of the world. I mean, we survived before, didn’t we?

Journalist: How do you feel about mobile phones?

Businessman: I personally find them useful and necessary. They’re convenient if there’s an emergency on a business trip or when you’re in the middle of nowhere or need to contact the police or your family for example. Though, I do feel that they are overused in many cases. Think about how many people spend hours just chatting about silly, unimportant things or looking through sites for no special reason even at work. 

2.What are the benefits of the computers? Read aloud the extract which describes them.

3.How do businessmen benefit from using technological means of communication at their workplace?

4. When are technological means of communication misused?

II. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions below.

1. Where does the action take place?

2. What happened to the furniture in the grandmother’s room?

3. Why were Martin and his friend scared?

III. Let’s talk about your family.

1. Let's talk about your family. What is family for you?

Family is important for every person, because it gives you a sense of stability and tradition, a feeling of having support and understanding. In happy families parents are frank and honest with their children, they treat their children with respect without moralizing or bossing them around and children in their turn learn how to treat other people, how to form relationship among their equals. In a friendly family people are gentle, respectful and loving. This is how things should be in all families.

I enjoy the honest and open relationship in my family. I like it when parents trust their children, give them enough freedom and respect them. I think these things make family relations warm and pleasant. There is no so-called “generation gap” in our family, though we may argue and disagree on certain issues. I can always bring my friend home and my parents are very positive about it, although they don’t always approve of our tastes, views and clothes.

My family consists of …………I’ll start with saying a few words about my Dad. He is 39. He is the best father in the world. He has got dark hair, and blue eyes. My Dad is a policeman. He is very busy, and he has little time for private life. My mother’s name is ….. She is 39. She is an economist. She has got short fair hair and blue eyes. She is kind, clever, caring and sociable. My younger brother is ……

2. Are there any things that you do with your parents together?

Yes, at weekends we have breakfast together, sometimes we go to the park, picnic or to the cinema. It’s also a tradition in our family to go to the country at the weekends to help our grandparents. All our family traditions are connected with some holidays. But apart from national holidays there are family holidays like birthdays, weddings and anniversaries. Birthdays are always a happy event in our family. On these days we usually have a party.

I guess, when people spend more time together they are closer to each other. It’s a pity, but my parents and I are usually very busy during the weekdays and we seldom have a chance to spend time together. Also once a week my parents give the flat a big clean. Of course I help them with it. By the way it’s not so boring. I turn on music and we even have fun. Then we may go shopping together. I like to go shopping with my parents because they always buy me something. During our shopping rounds we discuss a lot of things and make plans for the next weekend.

3. What will you ask your British friend about his/her family relationships?

1. Do you often spend your free time with your parents? 2. Do you prefer to spend time with your friends or your grandparents? 3. What do you and your family like to do together?

4. Parents are your best friends, aren’t they? 5. Who is the breadwinner in your family?

4. What can you advise a person who wants to have a close and happy family?

Marriage is a very responsible decision. Common interests, mutual respect and understanding are no less important than love. And living under one roof always means compromise. I would advise them to respect and support each other in everything.

5. Nowadays an average family has one child. From your point of view, how many children should there be in a family?

In my opinion a perfect family should consist of two parents (both successful) and two children (healthy, happy, with rosy cheeks), as family still remains the key social structure, At weekends they have breakfast together, then go to the park, picnic or zoo, they broadly smile and look cheerful.

 

№ 10

1. Read the article and say in 2—3 sentences what it is about.

What is a good family?

Building a successful family is like building a house. Both need a plan. The best way to be organised as a family is to talk about family matters. By doing this, families enjoy a special closeness and stability. Choosing to spend time with your family sends a message more powerful than words.

How much time should families spend together? That varies from family to family. Families with young children usually spend most of their time together because young children need a great deal of physical care and guidance. Families with teenagers may spend less time together because teens naturally want to spend more time with their friends. Healthy families keep a good balance between ‘too much’ and ‘not enough’ time together. They spend enough time to satisfy all family members.

Nothing unites a family more than its traditions which include different norms, ways of behavior, customs and views. In united families these traditions are deep-rooted and passed from generation to generation.

Strong families take time to be together and talk to one another. They share their hopes and dreams, feelings and concerns over common meals. Members of successful families feel they really belong to their family. They celebrate their victories and help each other learn from their mistakes. They do their household chores together and go to the theatre. At the same time, strong families adapt relationships and family rules when needs arise. Since no family knows what tomorrow will bring, being adaptive is a good trait for family members to develop.

Recent studies affirm the importance of love in families. Research shows that expressions of affection towards children reduce behaviour problems and help children’s development. Strong families notice and share positive aspects of each member. They notice the talents, skills and achievements, special qualities and characteristics that make the other person unique. They find ways to be positive even when another family member makes a mistake and make an effort to develop closeness and show love at home.

 

2. The author explains what makes a successful family. Find this extract and read it aloud.

3. What makes a family united?

4. How much time should family members spend together?

 

  

II. Listen to the girl speaking about her eating habits and answer the questions below.

1. What problem does the girl have?

2. What makes the girl think that her habit is harmful?

3. Why can’t she stop eating chocolate?

III. Let’s talk about youth and society.

YOUTH AND SOCIETY

№ 1 1. Today young people take an active part in the social life of the country. What youth organizations do you know?  It’s quite natural that young people want to express their views on several political and social issues. They join youth organizations and societies. The main aim of these organizations is to involve young people into socially useful activities such as sporting events, volunteering at hospitals, taking care of war veterans, assisting the old and the handicapped, carrying out some ecological projects and doing other things.        

There are a lot of youth organizations in Belarus. The most authoritative of them are: the Belarusian Republican Youth Union (BRSM), the Belarusian Republican Pioneer Organization, the Association of Belarusian Scouts, etc. The activities of these organisations are managed and directed by the State Committee on the Affairs of Youth.  At the same time there are a lot of informal youth movements that want to express themselves in different ways. Some try to express their political views, others are searching for their own answers to universal problems: ecological, religious or philosophical. Anyway all young people want to express themselves and find their place in this world.

2. Have you ever joined a youth organization? Why (not)?  I have never joined any youth organizations, probably, because I haven’t found anything special or interesting for my personal development. I’m very busy with my studies, besides I’ve got a lot of interests and hobbies. I can express myself in various activities organized at school: concerts, sports competitions, class meetings and parties, and of course at my everyday classes. Thus I don’t feel intension to join any organization.

3. What questions would you like to ask a person who has joined a new international organization? 1. Are you a member of any organization? 2. You are a member of BRSM, aren’t you? 3. Why have you joined this organization? 4. Do you take part in sports competitions or cultural events? 5. Who is the leader of the organization?

4. What issues would you recommend to discuss at a monthly meeting of a debate club?    I think there are so many things to talk about for young people. For example I would recommend to discuss the ecological situation in our town, our modern national music styles, modern arts, some fashion issues. Maybe such questions will be interesting for discussions: Is there any threat from the space? Would you like to change the system of our education? Is it possible to avoid all bad habits in the society?

 5. A lot of young people in Europe work in hospitals and kindergartens as volunteers. What do you think attracts them to this kind of work? Volunteer movement is a very unique phenomenon in a society. It shows the level of the development of the society. In this kind of work people have no any material motivation. Some of them want to help other people, others hope to get some experience in this kind of work. Also there are people who have overcome some situations or difficulties in their lives and now they want to help others.

  № 11 I.1.READ THE ARTICLE AND SAY IN 2—3 SENTENCES WHAT IT IS ABOUT. PYTHAGORAS1 Pythagoras is often described as a very important mathematician, yet we know little about his achievements. What we do know is that he was the leader of a society which was half scientific and half religious. It was a secret society and today Pythagoras is still a mysterious figure. It is believed that Pythagoras was born on the Greek island of Samos. His father was a merchant, and as a child, Pythagoras travelled with him selling their goods. Pythagoras was well educated. He learned music and poetry and had three philosophers to teach him who introduced Pythagoras to mathematics and advised him to travel to Egypt to learn more about mathematics and astronomy. So in 535 BC, Pythagoras travelled to Egypt where he visited many temples and took part in discussions with priests. Many of the customs he learnt in Egypt he came to adopt. For example, the Egyptian priests refused to eat beans and wear animal skins, as did Pythagoras later in his life. In 525 BC the King of Persia invaded Egypt. Pythagoras was taken prisoner and was transported to Babylon. It was here, taught by the Babylonians, that he reached perfection in arithmetic and music. When Pythagoras returned to Samos he founded there a school which was called ‘The Semicircle’. It seems that the people of Samos did not appreciate the teaching methods of Pythagoras and they treated him rudely and improperly. Furthermore, they wanted to involve Pythagoras in local politics against his will. For these reasons, he went to Italy. Pythagoras believed that numbers rule the universe and that numbers are present in all things. He also connected mathematics to music and recognized the healing power of music. He used it as a kind of therapy to help those who were ill. Another of his beliefs was that there are three types of men: those who love wisdom, those who love honour and those who love wealth. Pythagoras was a mathematician, an astronomer, and a philosopher. Today we remember him best for his famous geometry theorem, known as Pythagoras’ theorem.2 1 Pythagoras [paɪ ˈ θ æ ɡ ə rə s] Пифагор 2 Pythagoras’ theorem [paɪ ˈ θ æ ɡ ə rə sɪ z ˈ θ ɪ ə rə m] теорема Пифагора 2. Where did Pythagoras go to learn mathematics and astronomy? Read aloud the extract which says about it. 3. Why did Pythagoras go to Italy? 4. What are the three types of men according to Pythagoras?     II. Listen to the interview with Mr Ron Cansler taken by the Youth Magazine and answer the questions below. 1. How old is Mr Cansler? 2. What kind of life did he have when he was young? 3. What does he recommend listeners to do?     III. Let’s talk about the mass media. Билет № 11 Mass media 1. Let's talk about mass media; TV, newspapers, radio. Which of these does your family use? Mass media are one of the most characteristic features of modern civilization. They include newspapers, magazines, radio and television. The earliest kind of mass media was newspaper. My parents subscribe to Argumenty i Facty. I don’t read all the articles, but I find something interesting in every issue. As for radio, nowadays we can listen to the radio through the Internet. TV is the source of valuable information. It brings the world to our living room, where we can see people of other countries; learn their customs, traditions and problems. The choice of programmes is really wide: the news, feature films, talk shows, music programmes, documentary films, educational programmes, serials, interviews. On the other hand, people spend more and more time in front of TV. Both television and the Internet encourage passive enjoyment. They cut us off from the real world. Sometimes there is too much violence and crime on TV and on the Internet. As for me, I’m not a TV fan. My mother enjoys watching lifestyle programmes, talk shows, soaps, drama and sitcoms. My father prefers news and sports programmes. Sometimes I watch music programmes. The Internet is a great source of information and entertainment for many people. Thanks to it I have got an opportunity to access news, documents, images, sounds, video and games, to make friends, to book tickets and to purchase different things online. What is more, the Internet has revolutionized the way people communicate. Sending electronic text messages is much faster and easier than writing letters. People use e-mail to stay in touch with friends worldwide. 2. Is there any means of communication you can't live without? Why (not)? I can’t imagine my everyday life without the Internet. Thanks to it I have got an opportunity to get news, documents, images, video and games, to make friends, to book tickets and to buy different things online. There are a lot of different sites for students, businessmen, teachers, for people who are fond of music, cinema, theatre, sports and even for disabled people. What is more, the Internet has changed the way people communicate: sending electronic text messages is much faster and easier than writing letters, or speaking with the help of Skype is more interesting than speaking on the phone.  3. What questions will you ask people who live without a TV set, computer or radio? 1. Is it boring to live without news? 2. Do you read newspapers or magazines? 3. Where do you find information? Why don’t you use radio? What newspapers do you read? 4. You don’t use a computer, do you? 5. Who advised you to live without the news? 4. I’d like to watch an interesting programme on TV. What can you advise me? First of all, I would ask about your preferences and interests. Sometimes people watch TV just to relax. In this case my advice may be very different. So, I personally would recommend you to watch any programmes on Discovery Channel. If you’ve got a pet you would enjoy watching special programmes about cats and dogs on Animal Planet Channel. Also there are many programmes about education and culture. There are programmes on wide range of subjects — from physics and literature to cooking and yoga. So you’ve got a great choice. 5. Can the internet replace all the other means of mass media? What’s your point of view? Today Internet has become one of the most popular means of mass media. It combines functions of all telecommunication systems. It has video, audio, conference and text opportunities. But I think that Internet won’t place other mass media, because not all people (especially people over 50) know how to use the Internet. And we can’t always trust the source of information from the Internet.  

 

№ 12 I.  1. Read the article and say in 2—3 sentences what it is about.

AMELIA

Possibly the most famous female pilot ever, Amelia Earhart was born in 1897 in Kansas, the USA. Amelia had a difficult and unsettled childhood. Her family travelled a great deal so her father could find work. Although she often missed school, Amelia was nevertheless considered to be very bright academically. She enjoyed reading and poetry as well as sports, especially basketball and tennis.

After graduating from high school, instead of going to college, Amelia decided to study nursing. During the First World War, she worked as a military nurse in Canada. When the war ended she became a social worker back in America and taught English to immigrants. In her free time, Amelia enjoyed going to air shows and watching aerial stunts1, which were very popular during the 1920s. Her fascination with flying began when, at one of those shows, she took a ten­minute ride, and from that moment on she knew she had to learn to fly.

Amelia took on several odd jobs to pay for the flying lessons and after a year, she had saved enough money to buy her own plane. She organised cross­country air races for women pilots and formed a now famous women pilots’ organisation, called the ‘Ninety­Nines’. One day Amelia received an invitation to be the first woman ever to make the flight across the Atlantic from Canada to Britain. Amelia made the flight in 1928 and, although she was only a passenger and two men flew the plane, it made her a celebrity. She also met there her future husband, George Putman, a publisher, who arranged the flight and organised all the publicity.

In 1932 Amelia and George decided Amelia should make the Atlantic crossing from America to Britain alone. She broke several records on this flight; she became the first woman to fly the Atlantic solo, the only person to have flown it twice and she established a new transatlantic crossing record of 13 hours and 30 minutes. Understandably, she became even more famous as a result earning respect for women pilots all over the world by proving that women could fly as well as men, if not better.

1 an aerial stunt [ˈ eə rɪ ə l ˈ stʌ nt] фигура высшего пилотажа

2. How did Amelia get interested in flying? Read aloud the extract which says about it.

3. What invitation did Amelia receive one day?

4. Why did Amelia become famous?

II. Listen to the conversation between Nancy and her mum and answer the questions below.

1. What do Nancy’s parents worry about?

2. Why does Nancy refuse to do household chores?

3. What arguments does Mum use to make Nancy clean the room?         


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