Исчисляемые существительные имеют формы единственного и множественного числа.

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Исчисляемые существительные имеют формы единственного и множественного числа.

Единственное число характеризуется отсутствием окончаний: a cat, a table, a teacher, a day.

- Множественное число образуется путем присоединения окончания –s или –es к форме ед.ч.

a cat – cats [s] a boy – boys [z] a box – boxes [iz]

a month – months a bird – birds a rose – roses

a book books a brother – brothers a page – pages

- a class – classes a fox – foxes a bush – bushes an inch – inches a match – matches

- a story – stories an army – armies

- a hero – heroes a potato – potatoes

- a knife – knives a life – lives a wife - wives

- a man – men a woman – women a foot – feet

a tooth – teeth a goose – geese a mouse – mice

- a sheep – many sheep a deer – many deer a fish – many fish

- a child – children an ox – oxen

- an Englishman – Englishmen (но a German – Germans)

this is — these are that is — those are there is — there are it is — they are

Только ед .ч.: friendship, peace, money, ink, sugar, weather, advice, business, hair, information, knowledge, news, progress, people, cattle, police, the poor, the rich, the wounded

Только мн .ч.: trousers, spectacles, eye-glasses, scissors, clothes, contents, goods, wages,

riches

Имя существительное (только одушевленные сущ.) имеет 2 падежа:

Запомните глаголы , не употребляющиеся во временах группы Continuous: to be, to know, to understand, to think, to recognize, to want, to like, to see, to hear, to feel, to have. Эти глаголы надо употреблять в Present Simple, даже если действие происходит в момент речи.

2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Present Continuous или в Present Simple.

I. What you (to do) here now? — We (to listen) to tape-recordings. 2. You (to want) to see my father? — Yes, I ... 3. Michael (to know) German rather well. He (to want) to know English, too, but he (to have) little time for it now. 4. What magazine you (to read)? — It (to be) a French magazine. There (to be) good articles on sports here. You (to be) interested in sports? — Yes, I .... But I (not to know) French. 5. We (to have) an English lesson now. 6. Lena usually (to prepare) her homework at the institute? — No, she ... . As a rule, she (to work) at home. — And what she (to write) now? — Oh, she (to write) an article for our wall newspaper. 7. Who that man (to be) who (to stand) in the doorway? — You (not to recognize) him? It (to be) John, my cousin. 8. I (to have) no time now, I (to have) dinner. 9. Your family (to leave) St. Petersburg in summer? — Yes, we always (to go) to the sea-side. We all (to like) the sea. Mother (to stay) with us to the end of August, but father (to return) much earlier. 10. Where Tom and Nick (to be) now? — They (to have) a smoke in the garden. 11. It (to take) me forty minutes to get to school. 12. Hello, Pete, where you (to go)? — I (to hurry) to school. 13. When your lessons (to begin) on Monday? — They (to begin) at nine o'clock. 14. Where your sister (to be)? — She (to do) her homework in the next room. 15. It usually (to take) me an hour to do my written exercises. 16. Where Boris (to be)? I (to look) for him. — He (to have) dinner. 17. In the evening I often (to go) to see my friends. 18. On Sunday we sometimes (to go) to the cinema or to a disco club. 19. Andrew (to get) up very early as he (to live) far from school. He (to be) never late. 20. It (to be) six o'clock in the evening now. Victor (to do) his homework. His sister (to read) a book. His mother and grandmother (to talk).

3. Раскройте скобки , употребляя глагол в Present Continuous, Present Simple или в Future Simple.

1. When you (to get) up every day? — I (to get) up at seven o'clock. 2. My brother usually (not to get) up at seven o'clock. As a rule, he (to get) up at six o'clock, but tomorrow he (to get) up at seven o'clock. 3. Why she (to come) home so late tomorrow? 4. We (to go) to the country the day after tomorrow. 5. Our friends always (to go) to the country for the week-end. 6. Look! The kitten (to play) with its tail. 7. Your parents (to watch) TV now? 8. My sister (not to rest) now. She (to help) mother in the kitchen. She (to help) mother in the kitchen every day. 9. Where she (to go) tomorrow? 10. She (to go) to the country with us tomorrow? 11. They (to stay) at home tomorrow. 12 What you (to do) now? I (to see) that you (not to read). 13. When you (to finish) your homework? It (to be) very late, it (to be) time to go I to bed. 14. How you usually (to spend) evenings? 15. What you (to do) in the country next summer? 16. They (not to drink) tea now. I (to think) they (to watch) TV. 17. What your father (to drink) in the evening?

4. Раскройте скобки , употребляя глагол в Present или в Past Simple.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. My brother (to wash) his face every morning. 4. Yesterday he (to wash) his face at a quarter past seven. 5. I (not to have) history lessons every day. 6. We (not to rest) yesterday. 7. My brother (not to drink) coffee yesterday. 8. My mother always (to take) a bus to get to work, but yesterday she (not to take) a bus. Yesterday she (to walk) to her office. 9. You (to talk) to the members of your family every day? — Yes, I.... But yesterday I (not to talk) to them: I (to be) very busy yesterday. 10. You (to come) home at six o'clock yesterday? — No, I .... Yesterday I (to come) home from school at half past eight. I (to be) very tired. I (to have) dinner with my family. After dinner I (to be) very thirsty. 1 (to drink) two cups of tea. Then I (to rest). 11. Your sister (to go) to school every day? — Yes, she …

5. Раскройте скобки , употребляя глагол в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock tomorrow. 4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day. 5. I (not to go) to the cinema (yesterday. 6. I (not, to go) to the cinema tomorrow. 7. You (to watch) TV every day? 8. You (to watch) yesterday? 9. You (to watch) TV tomorrow? W). When you (to leave) home for school every day? 11. When you (to leave) home for school yesterday? 12. When you (to leave) home for school tomorrow? 13. My brother (to go) to work every day. He (to leave) home at a quarter past eight. As the office he (to work) at (to be) near our house, he (to walk) there. He (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go) to work. Yesterday he (to get) up at 9 o’clock.

Не забывайте употреблять настоящее время вместо будущего в придаточных предложениях

времени и условия после союзов if, when, as soon as, before, after, till (until).

6. Раскройте скобки , употребляя глагол Present Continuous, Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.

1. He (to spend) last summer in the country. 2. He (not to spend) last summer in the country. 3. He (to spend) last summer in the country? 4. Where he (to spend) last summer? 5. She (to help) mother yesterday. 6. She (not to help) mother yesterday. 7. She (to help) mother yesterday? 8. How she (to help) mother yesterday? 9. Kate (to cook) dinner every day. 10. Kate (to cook) dinner tomorrow. 11. Kate (to cook) dinner now. 12. Kate (to cook) dinner yesterday. 13. I (not to eat) ice-cream every day. 14. I (not to eat) ice-cream now. 15. I (not to eat) ice-cream tomorrow. 16. I (not to eat) ice-cream yesterday. 17. You (to go) to school every day? 18. You (to go) to school now? 19. You (to go) to the south next summer? 20. You (to go) abroad last summer? 21. What your brother (to do) every day? 22. What your brother (to do) now? 23. What your brother (to do) tomorrow? 24. What your brother (to do) yesterday? 25. Mother (to cook) a very tasty dinner yesterday. 26. Tomorrow Nick (not to go) to school. 27. Look! My friends (to play) football. 28. Kate (not to write) letters every day. 29. You (to see) your (friend yesterday? 30. Your father (to go) on a business trip last month? 31. What Nick (to do) yesterday? 32. When Nick (to get) up every morning? 33. Where your mother (to go) tomorrow? 34. I (to invite) my friends to come to my place tomorrow. 35. He (not to play) the piano tomorrow. 36. We (to see) a very good film last Sunday. 37. Your mother (to cook) every day? 38. We (to make) a fire last summer. 39. I (to spend) last summer at the sea-side. 40. Where you (to spend) last summer?

Обратите внимание на обстоятельства времени, характерные для Past Continuous:

at … o’clock yesterday, when mother came home, from 5 till 6 yesterday, the whole evening

7. Раскройте скобки , употребляя глагол в Present Continuous или Past Continuous.

1. I (to write) an English exercise now. 2. I (to write) an English exercise at this time yesterday. 3. My little sister (to sleep) now. 4 My little sister (to sleep) at this time yesterday. 5. My friends (not to do) their homework now. They (to play) volley-ball. 6. My friends (not to do) their home-work at seven o'clock yesterday. They (to play) volley-ball. 7. You (to eat) ice-cream now? 8. You (to eat) ice-cream when I rang you up yesterday? 9. What your father (to do) now? 10. What your father (to do) from eight till nine yesterday? 11. Why she (to cry) now? 12. Why she (to cry) when I saw her yesterday? 13. She (to read) the whole evening yesterday. 14. She (not to read) now. 15. Now she (to go) to school. 16. What you (to do) now? —I (to drink) tea. 17. You (to drink) tea at this time yesterday? — No, I (not to drink) tea at this time yesterday, I (to eat) a banana. 18. My sister is fond of reading. She {to read) the whole evening yesterday, and now she (to read) again. 19. Look! My cat '(to play) with a ball. 20. When I went out into the garden, the sun (to shine) and birds (to sing) in the trees 13. When I (to go) to school the day before yesterday, I met Mike and Pete. They (to talk) and (to laugh). They told me a funny story. Soon I (to laugh), too. I still (to laugh) when we came to school. After school I (to tell) this story at home. My father and mother (to like) it very much.

Обратите внимание на следующие предложения:

When mother came home, I was reading.

came - однократное действие (пришла) Past Simple

was reading – действие в процессе (читала) Past Continuous

When mother was reading, I came home.

was reading - действие в процессе (читала) Past Continuous

came - однократное действие (пришла) Past Simple

8. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Past Simple или в Past Continuous.

1. When I (to come) home, my little sister (to sleep). 2. When Nick (to come) home, his brother (to play) with his toys. 3. When mother (to come) home, I (to do) my homework. 4. When father (to come) home, Pete (to sleep). 5. When mother (to come) home, the children (to play) on the carpet; When I (to get) up, my mother and father (to ink) tea. 7. When I (to come) to my friend's place, he (to watch) TV. 8. When I (to see) my friends, (to play) football. 9. When I (to open) the door, the cat (to sit) on the table. 10. When Kate open) the door the children (to dance) round the fir-tree. 11. When Tom (to cross) the street, he (to fall). I. When I (to go) to school, I (to meet) my friend. I. When we (to go) to the cinema, we (to meet) grandmother. 14. When grandmother (to go) home, she (to see) many children in the yard. 15. When Henry (to walk) about in the forest, he (to find) a bear cub. 16. When we (to walk) about in the forest, we (to see) a hare. 17. When I (to wash) the floor, I (to find) my old toy under the sofa. 18. When granny (to read) a book on the sofa, she (to fall) asleep. 19. When I (to play) in the yard, I suddenly (to see) my old friend. 20. When Nick (to run) about in the yard, he (to fall).

9 . Раскройте скобки , употребляя глагол в Present Simple, Past Simple, Present Continuous, Past Continuous.

I. Nina (to celebrate) her birthday yesterday. Her room looked beautiful, there (to be) many flowers in it. When I (to come) in, somebody (to play) the piano, two or three pairs (to dance). 2. Listen! Somebody (to play) the piano. 3. I (to like) music very much. 4. When I (to look) out of the window, it (to rain) heavily and people (to hurry) along the streets. 5. What you (to do) at seven o'clock yesterday? — I (to have) supper. 6. When I (to come) home yesterday, I (to see) that all my family (to sit) round the table. Father (to read) a letter from my uncle who (to live) in Kiev. 7. Where you (to be)yesterday? — I (to be) at home the whole day._-How strange. I (to ring) you up at two o'clock, but nobody (to answer). — Oh, I (to be) in the garden. I (to read) your book and (not to hear) the a telephone. 8. What you (to do) at five o'clock yesterday? — I (to work) in the library. — I (to be) there, too, but I (not to see) you. 9. Yesterday I (to work) at my English from five till seven. 10. It (to rain) the whole day yesterday. 11. Where your sister (to be) now? — She (to be) in her room. She (to do) her homework.

10. Раскройте скобки , употребляя глагол в Present, Past, Future Simple; Present, Past Continuous.

1. Look at these children: they (to skate) very well. 2. You (to skate) last Sunday? — Yes, we (to skate) the whole day last Sunday. We (to skate) again next Sunday. 3. My brother can skate very well. He (to skate) every Sunday. 4. What you (to do) now? — I (to wash) the dishes. 5. What you (to do) at three o'clock yesterday? — I (to have) dinner. 6. You (to have) dinner now? 7. Where your brother (to work)? — He (to work) at an institute. 8.,Your grandmother (to sleep) when you (to come) home yesterday? 9. What your brother (to do) tomorrow? 10. I (not to go) to the shop yesterday. I (to go) to the shop tomorrow. 11. Where Kate (to go) when you (to meet) her yesterday?