GRAMMAR PRACTICE : Linking Words-II ( Multiple Meaning)

10. Translate the sentences paying attention to the function of yet, while,  for,

since, onc,ethus

 

1. Fleming’s finding, which he called lysozyme, would prove to be a dead end in the search for efficacious antibiotic, since it typically destroyed nonpathogenic bacterial cells as well as harmful ones.

2. The alchemists still believed in the same four basic elements as the Greek philosophers, while the chemists leaned to the ideas of Robert Boyle.

3. While he was working at McGill University in Canada Rutherford concluded that radioactivity was a process in which the atoms of one element spontaneously changed into atoms of a different element, which was also radioactive.

4. Viewed by such lights, the old question of whether the intricate beauty of biological systems could have been produced by mere chance is turned on its head, and we are prompted to ask whether design could have done as good a job as chance evidently has.

5. The ceremonies (white ties and tails, of course, tuxedoes are so declasses) are occasions for ladies to show off their finery. And they had better. For the television broadcast includes the fashion commentary, and woe betide the lady, whose couture is not haute enough.

6. The Copernican revolution was in full swing all over the Europe. However, it would be another 200 years before the Catholic Church lifted its ban on De Revolutionibus.

7.  For all its brevity – one paragraph of twenty-four lines – the abstract contained an enormous amount of new science.

8. However battered and bruised it may at times have been, at the end of the twentieth century science emerged as a victor, as the key intellectual discipline for the twenty first century and beyond.

9. The less appetizing the reality, the more inclined we are to resort to euphemisms, thus comforting ourselves by denying ourselves the truth.

10. In the previous half century, Kepler had shown that planets have elliptical orbits, and Galileo had shown that things accelerate at an even pace as they fall towards the ground.

11. A problem once grasped was never released till Gauss had conquered it, although several other might be in the foreground of his attention simultaneously.

12. Einstein once went so far as to say that ‘the only physical theories that we are willing to accept are the beautiful ones” taking for granted that a good theory must concur with experiment.

 

 

Use the suitable linking word to fill the gaps.

1. The General Theory of Relativity stated that gravity is not a force –… physicists had believed … Newton – but a distortion in space-time, created by the presence of mass.

.2. But … all this progress, no one knew just what an element was – and no one had thought to connect them with atoms in any way.

3. Over the next half a century, scientists began mathematically to wind back the clock of the expanding universe, and they realized that, although it is now big, it … must have been very small.

4. Zwicky wondered if the neutron—the subatomic particle that had just been discovered in England by James Chadwick, and was …both novel and rather fashionable—might be at the heart of thin

5. In 1830 Thomas Young and Augustine Fresnel showed that light did not travel as particles, … Newton had said, but …waves or vibrations.

6. As a woman  Skladovska was barred from higher education in her native Poland, and … she planned to go to the Sorbonne in Paris.

7. Even more contentious than the provenance of scientific equations is the questions of … they are invented or discovered.

8. …this story is true or not, it is typical of Archimedes’s amazingly neat and elegant scientific solutions to awkward questions – and of how a small practical problem led him on to crucial theoretical insights.

 

 

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