THE EGYPTIAN TEN PRE-DELUGE KINGS OF SOLON AND PLATO

THE first draft of " The Deluged Civilization of the Caucasus Isthmus' contained no reference to Atlantis. The discovery that, after repeated expeditions, the Phoenicians had pronounced the straits of Gibraltar not to be the true Pillars of Hercules; that the real pillars, the Kemmenu or Chamminim of Boaz, were at the entrance to the Sea of Azov, the Az-ubbu or Western Water Gate or Harbour; that the old Mid-Asiatic Mediterranean of. the geologist; was formerly known as the At-Alan-Tschack or Sea of the Land.of the Alans that there was water communication between the Black (Ach-Sini) Sea and the At-Alan-Tschack via what are now shown on the maps as the Manytsch Lakes, Olont-Chuduck and the Cerber-Jakin (Cerber means mouths); and by a more southern route, near Pyatogorsk, later blocked by land-slides; the identity of the customs, rites, ceremonies, size and configuration of the land with that of the North Caucasus isthmus; its position given in Diodorus Siculus as next the Amazons, whose position is known from Strabo, and others; the fact of land invasions to and from Scythia and Thrace, etc., were all of interest But it was felt that their inclusion might prejudice the reception of the other results given in that book.

When it was realized however that Plato was the first to disclose the existence of the ten pre-Deluge kings or tribes, for he wrote 100 years before the time of Berossus, and aside from the fact that Solon lived 150 years before the time that Ezra compiled the Jah and Priestly lists and the Babylonian cuni form inscriptions were not revealed until recent years, it seemed advisable to translate the list he gives, by the method he indicates in Critias, VII. Trivial as the system may now seem, it must be remembered that for many centuries it was used by historians. An example is given in Berossus, i.e. the equivalence of Omorka and Thalatta and Selene.

One or two examples from Plato will be sufficient. He states specifically (Critias VIII) that Gadaireus has the same meaning and summation a; Eumeles. Gadeireus is spelled in only one way (see Liddell and Scott), so we have 3, 1, 4, 5, 10, 100, 5, 400, 200 summed or 728. There might be some doubt about the length of the second E in Eumeles, but the Semitic root G'd has two meanings, " fortunate" and " strong" and Eumeles with the short E has exactly those same two meanings. So we have 5, 400, 40, 5, 30, 8, 200 summed, or 688 This is 40 short. But we would expect a double M with the short vowel and in fact Liddell and Scott gives eummelies for " well-ashed", taken from Homer From this and other authority, and the statement that the names are equivalent, we are justified in using the double M, which. adds 40 and makes the two equivalent in value i.e. 728. Incidentally this and other words indicate that the original spelling was that of the time of Solon and not of Plato and so make it probable that the story did come from Solon.

Taking next Klito. This means " the End" and so does Nephthys, (Budge, " Legend of Horus", p. 243). Klito is 20, 30, 10, 300, 800 summed or 1160. Nephthys is 50, 1, 500, 9, 400, 200 summed or 1164. But there is evidence that the correct spelling of the name of the sister of " Osiris who sitteth in his olive tree" was " Naphthys" and this makes the names equivalent i.e. 1160. The root is also found in Herodotus 7.183, Aphetai; in Japhetus, Neptune, Aptu, Apaturia etc. The root is F-aet. This and many others, perhaps all, of the early constructions may be understood from examination of the languages round Lake Urmia. For example the use of " son of" for the possessive case; " lord of" for " very", etc.

Poseidon, the " Earth Shaker", the husband of Klito, is of course Sutekh, husband of Nephthys. Poseidon does not sum with any Egyptian deity but if we go to what Liddell and Scott give as the old spelling, i.e. Poteidaon, we find that this gives 1320 and sums with Sutukh, for which we have the well known authority of " Sydyk". Atlas equates with Harmakis, 532, taking the initial H as guttural H, that is KH, for which there is ample authority. And so with the other names, noting that Leucippe does not necessarily mean " white horse", but that " Leuke" may mean " wolf" and that the compound " hippo" is very frequently, in fact almost always except in late names, to be taken as the Greek rendering of the Phoenician " ubbu", water-gate or harbour.

Translating these names, Plato's ten pre-Deluge kings appear to correspond in the main with the lists of Berossus and Langdon's - fragment more closely than the latter lists do with the Jah and Priestly ones. The spelling certainly confirms Plato's statement that the list was made long before his time and was Egyptian, But it is advisable that the correspondence be checked by other workers, especially by men who have a much greater knowledge of the temporal. variants of Egyptian names than the writer has; and this note is published in the hope that some such scholars, especially those having also an acquaintance with Babylonian languages, may give the matter consideration.

The connection between the Aral (Kithay) and the Balkash Seas has lately been questioned by geologists, but evidence will later be submitted to show that they resembled the North and Baltic seas, a long peninsula, the Kara-tau, nearly, but not quite, separating them. Note the.place names east of Balkash, thousands of years older than the " Ekure Chalcha", (E-kur Chalacha, Great House of the Tribal Hole, or Fortress, or Tribal Capital, and the other names of the districts inland from Balkash.

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