WHAT DO RESEARCH CHEMISTS DO?

A research chemist uses his/her knowledge of science, technology, and chemistry to investigate the properties, components and abilities of chemicals and processes. He or she designs and conducts experiments to try to understand the basic processes of chemical reactions, using her research to develop processes and materials for humanity to use. For example, a petrochemical researcher uses his/her understanding of petroleum to break down oil into its chemical components to make products like adhesives, plastics, pigments and cosmetics. Some researchers specialize in basic research, the study of the fundamental processes and structures of chemicals. Others use knowledge in applied research settings, using the chemical materials to develop useful products and processes. Research chemists create and improve processes and products, such as cosmetics, electronics and drugs. Chemical compounds make up everything found in nature, and a research chemist examines those compounds to determine how they interact with other chemicals. This process can help research chemists improve everyday human life by giving the findings practical applications, like developing new medicines and disease treatments. The results can also be used to improve current scientific developments or to further, enhance or re-evaluate current scientific theories. Research chemists utilize advanced lab equipment and computers to conduct their analyses.

Ex. 1. Complete the following passage using the words from the box

previous, maintaining reports, evaluation, get reported, improved, current means, test, research and development

 

In most cases, a research chemist works as part of a team or within a 1. … (R& D) department. Research chemists often 2. … a company's current products or examine a laboratory's 3. … of testing to find out if they can be 4. …. Once they complete testing, their results 5. … to other members of the department or team. If necessary, further 6. … and testing occur. Their duties also can include 7. …, documents and files regarding testing. In addition to testing and improving 8. … products and procedures, research chemists may develop new products.

 

GRAMMAR ASPECT

THE PARTICIPLE

	Active	Passive
Participle I	closing – закрывающий, закрывая	being closed – закрываемый, закрывающийся, будучи закрыт(-ым) (= когда закрыли)
Perfect Participle	having closed – закрыв	having been closed – так как (после того как) был закрыт
Participle II		closed – закрытый, закрываемый, когда (так как) закрыт

Note:

Participle I expresses simultaneous action with the main verb.

· While making the experiment, he broke some glassware.

· The substance being investigated can be used in our further work.

 

Perfect participle expresses the action preceding the action expressed by the main verb:

· Having investigated all the properties they could state that those gases were harmful.

· Having been cooled to a very low temperature many substances acquire quite new properties.

 

Participle II has the meaning of the passive voice.

· When asked about his work, he couldn’t say anything.

· A piece of iron placed in the container with acid diminishes in mass.

 

NB! Pay attention to the translation of some special cases of Participle II.

· The question involved is to be solved today.

Вопрос, о котором идет речь, должен быть решен сегодня.

Данный вопрос должен быть решен сегодня.

· The discovery followed by many experiments resulted in new investigations in chemistry.

Открытие, за которым последовало много экспериментов, привело к новым исследованиям в области химии.

· When (if)heated, water turns into steam.

При нагревании (когда воду нагревают) вода превращается в пар

 

 

Ex.1. Choose the correct form of the Participle.

1. Magnesium is not attacked by water despite favorable potential unless (having been amalgamated, amalgamated, having amalgamated). 2. Many ethers take up oxygen from the atmosphere (having formed, forming, having been formed) peroxy ethers. 3. When (heating, heated, having heated) concentrated sulphuric acid reacts with metals. 4. When (prepared, having prepared, preparing) a substance on a commercial scale the method chosen must utilize inexpensive and readily available materials. 5. (cooling, having cooled, cooled) the concentrated solution of naphthalene in hexane we obtained white precipitate of pure naphthalene. 6. Neutral water when (saturated, having saturated, having been saturated) with 0₂ is a fairly good (oxidizing, oxidized) agent. 7. Organo-metallic compounds are exceedingly reactive (having been, having being been, being) vigorously hydrolyzed by water. 8. (Being, having been, been) very brittle antimony can be easily pulverized.

 

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