The Importance of Keeping Promise

Shaunaka said:

1-2. O wise one, I desire to hear, (therefore) tell me fully what the religious merit there is in keeping a promise, and what the sin is in breaking it. O you ocean of compassion, (tell me) what would happen if one takes a false oath or a true one, and by one's offering one's right hand or favouring (someone). Suta said:

3-13. O best sage, listen, I am telling it from the beginning. You are the foremost among Vishnu's devotees and are engaged in the good of all people. O brabmana, the merit in (i.e. due to) keeping a promise is a crore times greater than the fruit which a man obtains by giving a hundred cows. There is no doubt that a fool by breaking his promise goes to a terrible hell and is roasted there for a hundred periods of Manu. Then due to his own deeds he obtains birth (i.e. is born) on the earth in the house of a poor person, and bereft of food and garments he is afflicted. One should take an oath truthfully in the vicinity of a deity, fire, or one's preceptor. Till that time the body is burnt; but the family of Vishnu is not lost (i.e. continues). O brahmana, what should I now say about a false oath? O brahmana, a man (lives) in hell for a hundred periods of Manu due to a false promise. O best sage, he who touches the flowers taken off after Vishnu's worship and takes a truthful oath (but does not keep it), is roasted, taking with him seven members (of his family), in hell for a long time. If by chance he gets a birth, then in every existence (he becomes) a leper. This would never happen due to truthful promise. What can be said about (what would happen) due to a false oath? The man who offer his right hand (to give a promise) and keeps it, would obtain Krishna. I am telling the truth, (and) the truth (only). The dead ancestors of him who, having offered his hand (to make a promise), does not keep it, are tormented in hell; and undoubtedly the dead one (i.e. he, after death) goes to a terrible hell, and is emancipated by crores of men (of his family, i.e. after a very long time).

Shaunaka said:

14. O sage, tell me, I desire to listen respectfully (to the account of him) who obtained Krishna by keeping the promise made by him with his right hand. Suta said:

15-18. Formerly in a city lived a shudra named Viravikrama. He ate much, was bulky, talked much and was very handsome. He was wealthy, he had sons, was polite, learned, and dear to all people. He always honoured brahmanasand guests. O best brahmana, he was devoted to his father and always kept his promise. He kept his promise, protected his elders and waited upon Vishnu. Once a handsome, young, very intelligent candala, taking up the guise of a brahmana, came to his house deceptively (i.e. to deceive him). The brahmana said:

19-23. O wise one, listen to my words. My auspicious wife is dead. What shall I do? Where shall I go? Kindly tell me today. What is the use of (other) gifts, (visits to) holy places, sacrifices or crores of vows for him who would marry (his daughter) to a brahmana? Hearing these words, that Viravikrama said to that brahmana: " O brahmana, listen to my words. I have a virgin daughter. If, O brahmana, you would desire, I shall give (her to you in marriage) according to the proper rite. Hold my right hand. I shall give her. (This shall) not (be) otherwise." Hearing there words of (i.e. uttered by) him, he held his hand; and the candala being pleased, said these words. The brahmana said:

24. Making (i.e. fixing) an auspicious moment, give me your daughter endowed with auspicious (characteristics). The sacred texts have decided that delay would cause many hurdles. Viravikrama said:

25. O brahmana, I shall give you my daughter tomorrow. This will not be otherwise. A man offering his right hand should not do (as) a mean man (would do).

Suta said:

26-32. O brahmana, O sage, having called the brahmana (named) Krishnasarman, his priest, he told him all (about) the agreement. " How do you give your daughter to a brahmana, (when) you desire to give her to a shudra? Do not give her to an unknown person who does not belong to a good family." O ascetic, thus his relatives like his father etc. spoke to him. (They said): " O dear Viravikrama, listen to our words. Men of our caste do not give their daughter(s) to a man whose family, country, race, so also wealth and character and age are not known." O best brahmana, he (i.e. Viravikrama) said: " I have offered my right hand. Now I shall not at all be able to change (my words), " Speaking thus to them, he proceeded to offer his daughter to that brahmana. Seeing that all the kinsmen were very much amazed. O sage, hearing his truthful words, (Vishnu) holding a conch, a disc and a mace, mounted upon Garuda, suddenly came there. The lord said:

33-34. Blessed is your family; blessed is your way of life; blessed are your mother and father; blessed is your truthful speech; blessed is your right hand; blessed is your deed; blessed is your existence. (A man like you) does not exist in the three worlds. With such a deed, O good man, you will emancipate your family. Suta said:

35-42 When Srlkisna was talking like this, an aeroplane made of gold, having attendants of Vishnu (in it), and Garudabannerded everywhere, came (there). The holder of a conch and a lotus (i.e. Vishnu) himself put all (the members of) his family with the candala and the priest into the chariot, O brahmana; and thus taking them all (with him) Vishnu went to his abode in Vaikuntha. He remained there for a long time, enjoying rare pleasures. One who violates his words or his right hand (i.e. a promise), goes, to hell with his family. I speak the truth, the truth only. O brahmana, his manes and deities should not accept the food and water of (i.e. offered by) him. O best brahmana, (king) Dharma leaves his house through fear and goes (elsewhere). The foolish man, who, giving(i.e. creating) hope, later disappoints (aperson), would go taking along with him a crore of his own people (i.e. members of his family) to hell. (King) Dharma violates (i.e. destroys) his (prosperity) through a king, or fire or thieves, who violates (i.e. does not keep) his promise. He, having heard (i.e. who hears) this (khanda) subsequeat to the Svarga (khanda), being liberated while alive in this world, would (after death) go to the excellent abode, named Krishna, beyond heaven.

 

V PATALAKHANDA

(Section on the Nether World)

CHAPTER ONE

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