Ex. 10 . Match the words with their definitions.

 

______ business cycle   ______ innovation   ______ technology   ______ population   ______ credit ______ fluctuation ______ spending ______ capital goods

a. goods that are themselves utilized in the production of other  goods rather than being sold to consumers. b. the sum of money that a bank makes available to a client in excess of any deposit. c. the recurrent fluctuation between boom and depression in the  economic activity of a capitalist country. d. an amount of money spent, especially regularly, or allocated  to be spent. e. something newly introduced, such as a new method or device f. the total knowledge and skills available to any human society  for industry, art, science, etc. g. the total amount of money in a country's economy at a given  time.

______ money supply           h. constant change; instability

______ capital goods            i. all the persons inhabiting a country, city, or other specified

                                                   place

 

Ex. 11. Match the synonyms.

 

to give a nudge        additional        to hire        fluctuation        to distinguish        external        to occur        significant        internal        to trigger off        to generate        a period        spending

instability outer to push extra to give rise to employ to create a phase to differentiate expenditure to happen important inner

 

Ex. 12. Match the words with an appropriate preposition and word-combination to make

          a phrase.

 

 

to distinguish        fluctuations        to occur        changes        demand        development        to lead        a period        a level        investments        money

within        in        for        between        of        to

goods and services technology automobile and airplane external and internal events the economy itself the business cycles production capital goods bursts circulation expansion and boom

 

 

Ex. 13. Give the English equivalents to the following words and phrases. Recollect the

        sentences of the text where they were used.

 

1. внутри самой экономики ______________________________________________

2. оказывать влияние на экономику ______________________________________

3. иметь обратный эффект _______________________________________________

4. экономический цикл вступает в период подъема __________________________

5. значительные политические события ____________________________________

6. расходы потребителей _________________________________________________

7. первоначальный рост инвестиций _______________________________________

8. создавать дополнительные рабочие места _________________________________

9. покупательная способность потребителей _________________________________

10. увеличивать уровень производства

Ex. 14. Define what parts of speech these words are.

 

1. to govern, government, governmental

2. creation, creative, to create

3. powerful, to power, power

 

Fill in the blanks with the words given above.

 

1. Man’s ________________ the Great Chinese Wall is the only man-made object visible from

outer space.

2. Planned economy is an economy with a large amount of _____________________ planning

and direction.

3. I’ll do everything in my ______________ to help you.

4. People who devise advertising campaigns must have a __________________ mind.

5. They go to the polls on Sunday to choose the people they want _______________ their

 country.

6. The Labour Party is the most ________________ political force in the United Kingdom.

7. People have to face the indisputable fact that the media is controlled by the ______________.

8. To start working on a computer ___________________ it up.

 

COMPREHENSION

 

Ex. 15. Say if the sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.

 

1. Internal events are those outside the economic system.

2. When investment decreases the economy enters a period of expansion and boom.

3. Changes in population affect the demand for goods and services.

4. Investment in capital goods like plants, tools and equipment, creates additional jobs, but it

doesn’t increase consumer purchasing power.

5. No economists tried to explain the nature of business cycles.

6. Governmental policies can give the business cycle an upward or downward nudge.

7. Economists describe government’s ability to tax and spend as its monetary policy, and its

ability to regulate the supply of money and credit as its fiscal policy.

8. When consumer spending is on the increase, business firms hire additional help and increase

their level of production.

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