Exercise 4. Open the brackets.

 

1. I have not seen him for (some, any) years.

2. Is (something, anything) wrong with my papers?

3. (Everybody, somebody) should know his rights and enjoy them.

4. For more than seventy years we knew (anything, nothing) about the true history of our country.

5. You can take this book at (some, any) library.

6. At present (some, any) person knows almost everything about this phenomenon.

7. He is absent today. I’m afraid (something, anything) has happened to him.

8. (Some, any) centuries ago people did not know (anything, nothing) about electricity.

9. I’m sorry, I couldn’t find (something, anything) in this article.

10. Newspapers reported that the session (to begin) its work two weeks later.

11. He wondered if the committee (to discuss) all the questions on the agenda.

12. She said she (to phone) from the office then.

13. I thought it (to be) a financial bill.

14. She said she (to be) a first-year student of the Law Faculty.

15. They hoped they (to become) qualified specialists in future.

16. My friend told me he already (to translate) the article.

17. I knew he (to be going) on a business trip.

 

Exercise 5. Choose the right combination.

 

1.The Queen’s power is...

a) elective

b) hereditary

c) unlimited

2.Prime Minister is the... ruler of the country.

a) formal

b) hereditary

c) virtual

3. The Party which has majority in the House of Commons forms...

a) opposition

b) parliament

c) government

4. It’s the... duty to make appointments to all important state offices.

a) Queen’s

b) Prime Minister’s

c) Lord Chancellor’s

5. The Cabinet developed from...

a) Privy Council

b) Judicial Committee

c) House of Lords

Exercise 6. Insert the right words: Great Britain, House of Commons, Prime Minister, Parliament, Privy Council, Court of Appeal, Council, Queen.

 

1.... is a monarchy. Queen’s powers are limited by....

2.... is the virtual ruler of the country.

3. That party which has majority of seats in the... forms the government.

4. The... opens each session of Parliament with a throne speech.

5. The Queen has her own.... There are about 300 members in this....

6. The Judicial Committee is the final....

 

Exercise 7. Mark the statements that are true.

 

1. Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy.

2. The Queen’s powers in Britain are unlimited.

3. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party which has majority in the House of Lords.

4. The Queen opens each session of Parliament with a throne speech.

5. The Privy Council is responsible for all government measures.

6. The Judicial Committee is the final court of appeal in Britain.

 

Exercise 8. Complete the sentences.

 

1. The Queen’s power in the United Kingdom is....

2. Prime Minister is the leader of the party that....

3. Prime Minister is responsible for....

4. The Queen has the power....

5. The Privy Council consists of....

 

Exercise 9. Read text 1 and translate it into Russian in written form.

TEXT 1. MONARCHY IN BRITAIN

 

Great Britain is a monarchy, but the Queen of Britain is not absolute but constitutional. Her powers are limited by the Parliament. The Parliament is the supreme legislative authority in Britain. Queen’s power is hereditory and not elective.

In practice the Monarch has no actual power: they say¹ the Monarch reigns but does not rule. The Prime Minister is the virtual ruler of the country. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the party that obtains a majority in the House of Commons. That party which has majority of seats in the House of Commons is called the Government and the other is the Opposition. The leader of the party in the opposition occupies a salaried office of the Leader of the Opposition. The Government may hold office for five years.

All the affairs of the state are conducted in the name of the Queen, but really the Prime Minister is responsible for every measure submitted to Parliament.

a. лидер партии b. действительный правитель c. вооруженные силы d. партия, находящаяся воппозиции e. наследственная власть f. действительная власть g. делать назначенияh. от имени королевы i. ответственный за все меры

The Queen summons, prorogues and dissolves Parliament². Normally she opens each session with a speech from the throne outlining the Government’s programme. It is her duty to make appointments to all important state offices, including those of judges, officers in the armed forces, diplomats. She must, in theory at least, see all Cabinet documents. The Queen has the power to conclude treaties, to declare war and make peace.

The Queen has her own Privy Council³. The Cabinet developed from this Council, which used to be body of advisers of English monarches. As the system of Cabinet developed the Privy Council declined in importance. The Privy Council consists of members of the royal family, the archbishops⁴, colonial governors and senior ministers. There are about 300 of them altogether. The committee of the Privy Council, the Judicial Committee, however, is the final court of appeal for the British – a Royal court.

Queen Elizabeth II came to the throne in 1952 after the death of her father, King George VI. She has four children: one daughter and 3 sons. The Queen’s heir is Charles, Prince of Wales. He was born in 1948, educated in Cambridge, served in the Royal Navy⁵. Now he is involved in various aspects of public life, in particular industry and government.

The Royal family is the principal aristocratic house in Britain, closely connected with other members of the hereditory aristocracy and with big finance interests. The Queen is known to be among the wealthiest women in the world.

Notes:

¹ they say – говорят

² summons, prorogues and dissolves Parliament – созывает, прерывает и распускает парламент

³ Privy Council – Тайный совет

⁴ archbishops – архиепископы

⁵ Royal Navy – Королевский флот, ВМС Великобритании

 

Exercise 10. Answer the question on text 1.

 

1. What kind of monarchy is Great Britain?

2. Is the Queen’s power hereditary or elective?

3. Who is the virtual ruler of the country?

4. What are the functions of the Queen of Britain?

5. The Privy Council consists of 300 members, doesn’t it?

6. What is the final court of appeal in Britain?

Exercise 11. Read text 2 and translate it into Russian in written form.

TEXT 2. GOVERNMENT IN BRITAIN

 

Effective power belongs to the Government, which is part of Parliament and responsible to it, but which also normally dominates it. The Government consists of about a hundred politicians under the Prime Minister. Members of the Government are not elected by the House of Commons. They are nominated by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister may also require ministers to resign. A modern government is arranged in about fifteen departments, each with its ministerial head. The number changes from time to time, as departments are split or joined together¹. All the heads of departments are members of the House of Commons.

The executive power belongs to the Cabinet of Ministers. The Cabinet consists of 16 to 24 senior ministers whom the Prime Minister has appointed. Most ministers in the Cabinet are heads of departments. The Cabinet meets once a week in No 10 Downing Street, the official residence of the British Prime Minister. Cabinet-making² is the most important part of a Prime Minister’s job. The Prime Minister decides which ministers will be included. In order that it can work as a team and arrive at decisions more easily and quickly the Cabinet is restricted to about twenty members.

The Cabinet formulates a comprehensive policy covering allmajor issues both at home and abroad. The Cabinet has to decideon important day-to-day issues as they arise, e.g. a major strike, arun on the sterling, political upheavals abroad. It must alsoconsider future policy. The policy decided upon by the Cabinet isimplemented by the various departments of state. The Cabinet isalso the Court of Appeal: This is presided over by the Lord ChiefJustice of Appeal, and a quorum is three judges.

Notes:

¹ split or joined together – дробятся или соединяются

² Cabinet-making – создание кабинета

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