CHAPTER 2. THEORY OF TRANSLATION AS A

LINGUISTIC DISCIPLINE

2.1 Structural linguistics and translation

2.2 General problems and methodology of translation and linguistics

2.3 Translation and various sections of linguistics

2.4 Translation rates

CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

INTRODUCTION

 

Among the many complex problems that modern linguistics studies, an important place is occupied by the study of the linguistic aspects of interlingual speech activity, which is called “translation” or “translation activity”.

Translation is undoubtedly a very ancient type of human activity. As soon as in the history of mankind there were formed groups of people whose languages differed from each other, “bilinguals” appeared, helping to communicate between “multilingual” groups. With the advent of writing, interpreters such as interpreters joined translators who translated various official, religious, and business texts. From the very beginning, the translation performed the most important social function, making interlanguage communication possible.

Translations have played an important role in the formation and development of many national languages and literatures. Often translated works preceded the emergence of original ones, they developed new linguistic and literary forms, educated a wide circle of readers.

Translations occupied a significant place in ancient Russian literature, played an important role in the development of Armenian, Georgian and many other literatures with a long history.

The great importance of translation for the development of education and the culture of nations was well understood by the best minds of mankind. Marx, Engels, and Lenin were widely educated people, proficient in many foreign languages. A broad linguistic erudition allowed the classics of Marxism-Leninism to competently judge translations, to formulate a number of principles of translation, to act as translators and editors of translations. In their numerous statements on the translation of the classics of Marxism-Leninism, they first of all stressed the need for a deep insight into the content of the translated text, understanding of the author’s idea and the essence of the terminology used by him. Inaccurate or incomplete transmission of the original content hinders the fulfillment of the public translation function: to make the author’s thoughts accessible to members of another language community.

Translation is a multidimensional phenomenon, it can be of different types and it can mean work with texts of different styles and genres. The translation facility provides an opportunity between people speaking different languages. It is known that there are no perfect translations, each translation may contain errors, inaccuracies that are inconsistencies of the translated text to the original one. In this paper, I investigated and analyzed translation inconsistencies and a communicative - functional approach to translation.

Translated text is a communication tool and a container not only for the meaning, but also for the author's intention. Therefore, solving the problem of identifying and defining translation inconsistencies, it is necessary to take into account the purpose of the text as a communication tool, its function, as well as features of the recipients of the original text and recipients of the translation text, features of their mentality, their culture, amount of background knowledge, features of their perception.

In a broad sense, the term "translation theory" is any concepts, statements and observations related to translation practice, methods and conditions for its implementation, various factors that have a direct or indirect effect on it.

In a narrower sense, "translation theory" includes only the theoretical part of translation studies itself and is opposed to its applied aspects.

Translation is a complex multifaceted phenomenon, certain aspects of which can be the subject of research in various sciences. Within the framework of translation studies, psychological, literary, ethnographic and other aspects of translation activities are studied, as well as the history of translation activities in a particular country or countries. Depending on the subject of the research, psychological translation studies (translation psychology), literary translation studies (theory of literary or literary translation), ethnographic translation studies, historical translation studies, etc. can be distinguished. The leading place in modern translation studies belongs to linguistic translation studies (translation linguistics), which studies translation as a linguistic phenomenon.

In the course work was studied, analyzed the theory of translation as a science, as well as a linguistic discipline.

To achieve the main goal of this research work it is necessary to perform the following tasks:

- to study the subject, tasks and methods of translation theory;

- to consider the emergence of the science of translation;

- examine translation correspondences;

- analyze structural linguistics and translation;

- to consider general problems and methodology of translation and linguistics;

- to study the translation and various sections of linguistics.

 

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