DEFINITION OF METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY is a technology of teaching foreign languages which studies and shows short but the most rational, effective and scientifically grounded ways of developing in learners foreign language communicative com­petence in taking part in a socially grounded speech interaction by means of speaking, reading, listening comprehension and writing.

 

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF PART 1

Ground your choices on the paragraphs of the part.

1.          The majority of people study English so that they were able:

a / to listen to the radio and TV programmes; b/ to write business letters in English; c/ to study grammar and a great lot of words; d/ to speak; e/ to have some practical knowledge of English.

2.          The statement that people's speech both in the native and foreign languages
is influenced by a social context means:

a/people are well informed of the political events; b/they read a lot of fiction; c/ people speak the language of that social environment they belong to; d/they communicate with friends from abroad.

3.          The main aim of the Communicative Approach is:

a/ to develop learners' ability to speak English; b/ to develop learners' com­municative competence in a certain social background; c/ to teach learners all means of communication, d/ to teach learners reading and writing in English.

4.          By Foreign Language Communicative Competence I mean:

a/ learners' ability to speak and read English; b/ learners' ability to write in English and understand it by ear; c/ learners' readiness and ability to use a linguistically correct English in order to take part in a socially backgrounded in­teraction; d/ learners' ability to take part in a foreign language communication.

Choose two correct items.

a/ Sociocultural competence presupposes students' knowledge and tolerance of cultures of other countries, b/ By general education competence they mean teaching students the best ways in which their effort, time and work while studying the foreign language should be organized, c/ By information technology compe­tence they mean learners' ability of asking for information, d/ By p/urilingua/ and intercultural competence they mean the ability to see a great lot of both linguistic, cultural and historical resources in interacting and communicating people from various countries.

2. BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF METHODOLOGY

2.1.       FUNDAMENTAL CATEGORIES AND NOTIONS

OF METHODOLOGY.................................................................................. 21

2.2................................................................................................................... HISTORYOF METHODOLOGY      27

2.2.1. The Classical Greek Method........................................................... 28

2.2.2. The Grammar-Translation Method............................................... 28

2.2.3. The Direct Method............................................................................ 34

FUNDAMENTAL CATEGORIES AND NOTIONS OF METHODOLOGY

Like every branch of knowledge Methodology has its fundamental cate­gories and notions. The ones most frequently used are: the technique, method of teaching, approach, skill, activity, habit and language item (or form).

The technique is a purposeful numerous usage of an elementary action which leads to a successful solving of the teaching task [24; 24; 37]. Below there are enumerated some methodological techniques of teaching.

The technique of visualization

Example 1

From the information given in the text and in the pictures, guess the meanings of the words underlined. [The picture is taken from 5. 119]

est.

a. This is a narrow street, b. This is a wider street, с This street is the wid -

Which is the narrowest street ? [The pictures are taken from 5, 119]

Fig. 5

Streets Example 2

Read the text and looking at the picture below try to guess the meanings of the words underlined .

Football is a game in which two teams of eleven players kick a round ball and try to score goals [75, 582].

Fig. 6 Kick the ball!

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