Лексико-грамматические упражнения. 1. Why is the United States called a 'melting pot'?

Упражнение 1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. Why is the United States called a 'melting pot'?

2. What shouldn't you do when you wait in a line?

3. Do most Americans prefer to be formal or informal?

4. What bad habit did Vic give up in America?

 

Упражнение 2.Употребите вместо то­чек соответствую-щие формы глаголов, данных в скоб­ках. Проверьте себя по ключу.

Victor... (to come) to the airport two hours before the check in. It... (to be) rather early and he... (can) walk and look around. Unfortunately Richard... (can) not see him off. But Victor really... (do not mind). He... (to hear) the announcement for his flight. He... (to go) to the gate for the check in. The check-in... (to be) quick and soon the passengers... (to be invited) aboard the plane. They... (to be met) by a friendly flight attendant.

Victor... not... (to be) to London before. He... not... (to know) anybody in London. But Rich... (to ask) his friend Brian Smith meet Victor and to reserve a room for him.

What will Victor do if Brian... not... (to come) to Heathrow? Where... he... (to go)? Who... he... (to call)?

But he... (to have) a lot of experience. He'll do something. And now he... (to fly) to London.

 

Key: came, was, could, could not, did not, heard, went, was, were invited, were met, has not been, does... know, has asked, does... come, will go, will call, has, is flying.

 

Упражнение 3. Вас просят не курить в самолете. Это требование звучит как категорический запрет. Выскажите те же пожела­ния, но с глаголом mustn ’ t. Теперь они звучат не так категорично.

Образец:

Don't smoke, please.

You mustn't smoke on the plane. You are on the plane.

1. Don't smoke, please. You are on the plane.

2. Don't walk now, please. We are taking off.

3. Don't shout, please. This man is sleeping.

4. Don't put your bags in the aisle.

5. Don't enter the cockpit (кабина пилота).

6. Don't take this bag with you. It's too big.

А теперь поинтересуйтесь, не возражает ли ваш собеседник, если вы это сделаете.

Образец:

I wonder if you mind my smoking here.

Would you mind my smoking here?

1. I wonder if you mind my smoking here.

2. I wonder if you mind my walking during the take off.

3. I wonder if you mind my shouting.

4. I wonder if you mind my putting the bag in the aisle.

5. I wonder if you mind my entering the cockpit.

6. I wonder if you mind my taking this bag.

Упражнение 4. Повторим еще раз страдательный залог. Для этого одно подлежащее замените другим и измените глагольную форму.

Образец:

The clerk announced his flight.

His flight was announced by the clerk.

 

1. The clerk announced his flight.

2. The officer checked his visa.

3. They invited the passengers aboard the plane.

4. A friendly flight attendant met the passengers.

5. The flight attendant showed Victor his seat.

6. She explained the rules to the passengers.

7. She served drinks.

8. Everybody spoke English on the plane.

 

Упражнение 5. Объедините два высказывания в одно по образцу. Не забудьте употребить частицу « to ».

Образец:

I can't drink this coffee. It's too hot.

This coffee is too hot to drink.

 

1. I can't drink this coffee. It's too hot.

2. I can't understand this accent. It's too difficult.

3. I can't read this book. It's too boring.

4. I can't carry this bag. It's too heavy.

5. I can't speak to him. It's too difficult for me.

6. I can't solve this problem. It's too complicated.

 

Упражнение 6. В аэропорту вам предлагается множество различных услуг. Для того чтобы воспользоваться ими, нужно знать, как это сказать по-английски.

The barber's (for men) — I want to have my hair cut.

                                    I want to have a shave.

The hairdresser's (for women) — I want to have my hair cut.

                                                  I want to have my hair done.

                                                  I want to have a shampoo.

The cleaner's — I want to have my jacket cleaned.

                     I want to have my dress cleaned.

                     I want to have my skirt cleaned.

The snapshots — I want to have my picture taken.

                       I want to have my snapshots developed.

The watchmaker's — I want to have my watch repaired.

 

UNIT 17

 

London

At Heathrow Airport there was a Customs notice: " If you are in doubt, go into the red channel". I went through the green channel as I had nothing to declare. My unaccompanied baggage had gone straight on to Leningrad. I saw a Customs officer ask a man if he knew his duty free allowances. But nobody stopped me.

I was met by Mr. Brian Smith, a friend of Richard's. We went to a hotel in Central London where he had booked a room for me. It didn't look as modern as an American hotel but my room was quite comfortable. It was a bed-and-breakfast accommodation and the price was quite reasonable. There are, of course, world-famous luxury hotels, but there are many more guest houses or small hotels, like mine. So staying in London needn't be expensive. Brian told me that he lived nearby but, unfortunately, he was free only in the evenings. I had only a couple of days in London and I didn't want to waste any time. I wanted to see as much as possible. In half an hour I was on my way to the Tourist Information Centre near Victoria Station. I left it armed with a guidebook and a bus-and-underground map. I also bought a special ticket called London Explorer. This ticket gave me 3 days of unlimited travel on all red buses and almost all of the Underground. I was also entitled to special discounts to many tourist attractions and London Transport tours.

I started by taking a short guided tour. I saw London's most famous sights from a traditional red double-decker bus — The Houses of Parliament, St. Paul's Cathedral, The Tower of London and much more. After that I had to explore London on my own. My first walking tour began from Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square. I walked down Whitehall, which is the site of most Government offices. I had a look, from a distance, at the Prime Minister's official residence in Downing Street. It's a small street off Whitehall. I came to Parliament Square just in time to hear the chimes of Big Ben.

That evening Brian invited me to a real English pub.

Dialogues

Brian Smith, Rich's British friend, is meeting Victor at Heathrow.

— Hello, Brian. I recognized you at once. Rich showed me your picture.

— Hello, Victor. Welcome to London. Nice to see you.

— Nice to see you too.

— Did you have a good flight?

— Yes, I did. Thank you. Richard is sending you this letter and his regards.

— Oh, thank you. How is he getting on?

— He's quite well. Though busy, of course. Working a lot.

— Very much like him.

— Where we going to?

— To my car. I'll drive you to the hotel.

— Where's the hotel?

— I've booked you a room in Central London. It s a bed-and-breakfast accommodation.

— Thank you, Brian. That's just what I need. I hope it's not too expensive

— Staying in London needn't be expensive. It's reasonable. And I live very near your hotel.

— That's great.

— But unfortunately I can't join you at daytime. I'm only free in the evening.

— That's absolutely all right, Brian. I have only a couple of days in London. Is there a regular tour of the city?

— Oh yes, lots of them. I advise you to buy a special ticket. «London Explorer».

— Is it a one-day ticket?

— No, it's a three-day ticket. It's for the red buses and under­ground.

— And I`ll need a map and a guidebook.

— You can buy one at the Tourist Information Centre. It's near Victoria Station.

— I'd love to see the Houses of Parliament and the Tower of London. Look where you're going! Sorry, I forgot that they drive on the left side of the road. It seems unusual.

— Right, I felt very much the same on the Continent. But you'll get used to it quickly.

 

Police Registration

Regulations for entry into the U.K. are strict, and officers have the power to refuse entry to anybody not having the correct papers and enough money to support himself. British Embassies are able to give the latest information to anybody planning a long visit.

A. I've come along to register with you.

В. Has your passport been up to the Home Office? ¹

A. Yes, they granted me three months.

В. I'd like your address in this country, please.

¹Home Office: the government department called 'The Ministry of the Interior' in most countries.

 

***

-I was told to report to the Aliens Officer.

-Has your permission to stay been extended?

-Yes, I'm all right until July.

- I shall have to see your work permit as well, please.

¹Aliens Officer: the officer in police stations responsible for foreigners.

 

***

-I've come to see you about my registration.

-Has the school sent your passport up to London?

-Yes, I've got until the end of the year.

-Then I'll need two photo­graphs, and the registra­tion form, please.

 

***

-I understand. I'm supposed to register.

-Has your employer ar­ranged for an extension? ¹

-Yes, I've been given three months.

-Can I see your registration book, please?

¹an extension: an extension of permission to stay in the U.K.

At a Bank

Banks are open from 9-30 to 3-30, Monday to Friday and some are also open on Saturday mornings.

There are 100 pence to one pound. The coins are as follows:

Coppers	Silver	Gold
one penny (1p) two pence (2p)	five pence (5p) ten pence (10op) twenty pence (20p) fifty pence (50p)	one pound (Ј1)

There are bank notes at Ј5, Ј10, Ј20 and Ј50.

A. I'd like to change these dollars, please.                           

В. How do you want it?

A. It's all the same to me.

В. Did you want anything else?      

A. Yes, I'd like to open a deposit account.¹

¹deposit account: an account with no cheque book.

 

***

-Could you cash this travellers cheque, please?

-How would you like it?

-Five-pound notes, please.

-Anything else?

-Yes, I'm expecting some money from Washington. Is it in yet?

 

***

-A new cheque book and these dollars into sterling, please.

-How did you want it?

-Pounds, please.

-Do you want anything else?

-Yes, I'd like to know the rate for Euros.

 

***

-Do you think you could change this note for me, please?

-How shall I give it to you?

-Notes and large silver, please.

-Was there anything else?

-Yes, could you tell me my balance? ¹

¹ balance: the amount of money in an account.

Asking for Change

Shops near telephone boxes are always being asked for change, and usually refuse to give it. If you need change urgently, and cannot find anybody to help you, it is a good idea to buy a small item, such as a box of matches, and ask for your change to include the required coins.

A. Excuse me, but could I trouble you for some change?

В. Let me see. Do you want coppers or silver?

A. I want some change for the parking meter.                        

В. You'd better have silver, then.

 

***

-Sorry to trouble you, but have you change for a pound?

-I'll have a look. What do you want it for?

-I have to get a book of stamps. 

-In that case you need silver.

***

-Excuse me. I wonder whether you could change a pound.

-Let's see. Coppers or silver?

-It's for a phone call.

-Will tens do?

***

-Excuse me. Could you oblige me with some change?

-I'll see what I've got. What's it for?

-I need some cigarettes from this machine.

-I can let you have some tens, if that's any good.

Asking the Way

A. Excuse me. Can you tell me where South Street is, please?

В. Take the second on the left and then ask again.

A. Is it far?

В. No, it's only about five minutes' walk.

A. Many thanks.

***

-Excuse me, please. Could you tell me the way to the station?

-Turn round and turn left at the traffic-lights.

-Will it take me long to get there?   

-No, it's no distance at all.

-Thank you.

-That's OK.

 

***

-Excuse me, but I'm trying to find the Town Hall.

-Take the third on the right and go straight on.

-Should I take a bus?

-No, you can walk it in under five minutes.

-Thank you very much in­deed.

-That's quite all right.

 

***

-Excuse me, please. Could you tell me how to get to the town centre?

-First right, second left. You can t miss it.

-Is it too far to walk?

-No, it's only a couple of hundred yards.

-Thanks very much.

-It's a pleasure.

On a Bus

A. Does this bus go to the station?                                   

В. No, you'll have to get off at the bank, and take a 192.

A. Can you tell me where to get off?

В. It's the next stop but one.

 

***

-Am I OK for St Mary's Church?  

-No, we only go as far as the park, but you can walk from there.

-How much further is it?

-It's quite a way yet, but I'll tell you in good time.

 

***

-Do you go to the sea-front?      

-No, you're going the wrong way. You want a 143 from the church.

-Have we got much further to go?    

-It's the next stop.

 

***

-Is this the right bus for the Town Hall?

-No, you should have caught a 12. Jump out at the bridge and get one there.

-Could you tell me when we to get there?

-It's three stops after this one.

Taking a Taxi

A. The American Embassy, please. I have to be there by 11.10.

В. I can't promise, but I'll do my best.

В. You're just in time. £ 6.30, please.

A. Thanks a lot. Here’s £ 7. You can keep the change.

 

***

-Do you think you can get me to Victoria by half past?

-We should be OK if the lights are with us.

-You've still got five minutes to spare. £ 6.40, please.

-Thanks very much indeed. Here's £ 10, give me £ 3, please.

 

***

-Piccadilly, please. I have an appointment at 10.30.

-I think we can make it¹ if we get a move on.²

-Here we are, sir. £ 6.35, please.

-Many thanks. Let's call it £ 7.

 

¹make it: get there in time.

²get a move on: hurry.

 

***

-Paddington, please. I want to catch the 11.15.

-We'll be all right if there are no hold-ups.¹

-This is it, sir. £ 6.50, please.

-Thank you. Here's the far and this is for you.

¹ hold-ups: delays.

 

The London Underground

Fares on the London Underground (the Tube) are not fixed, but are proportional to the distance travelled. There are ten lines in the system: the Bakerloo, Central, Circle, District, Jubilee, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly, Victoria and Waterloo and City lines.

A. Which way do I go for Queensway, please?

В. Take the Bakerloo to Paddington; the District to Notting Hill and then get the Central.

A. Where do I go now?

В. Take the escalator on your right.

 

***

-How do I get to Lancaster Gate, please?

-Catch the Metropolitan to Liverpool Street and then change to the Central Line.

-Which platform do I want?

-Follow those signs. You can't go wrong.

 

***

-Which line do I take for Marble Arch, please?

-That's easy; it's the next station down the Central Line.

-How do I get down to the trains?

-Get that lift over there.

 

***

-Can you tell me the best way to get to Bond Street, please?

-You want the Victoria to Oxford Circus and then you change on to the Central.

-Which way do I go first?

- Go straight down the stairs, and turn left at the bottom.

At a Railway Station

A. When does the London tram leave, please?

B. 9.25. Platform 3.

A. What time does it reach London?

B. You should be there at 11.31, but you may be a bit late.

A. Do I have to change?

B. Yes. You change at Lewes and East Croydon.

 

***

-Which train do I take for Victoria, please?

-9.28. This end of Platform 2.

-When does it get in?

-It gets thereat 11.34.

-Must I change?

-No. It's a through train.¹

¹a through train: a train which takes you to your destination without a change.

 

***

-Which platform for Lon­don Bridge, please?

-9.27 from Platform 1.

-What time does it arrive?

-It takes roughly two hours so you'll arrive just before 11.30.

-Is it necessary to change?

-No. There's no need to change.

 

***

-What time's the next train to Victoria, please?

-9.26. Platform 4. Right up at the front.

-When do we get there?

-It's due in at 11.35, but they're running late today.

-Need I change trains?

-Yes. Change at East Croydon.

Hiring a car

Foreign visitors may use their foreign licenses for a period of one year before thy have to take the British driving test. An international is not normally necessary.

A. How much is it to rent a large estate car?

B. £ 24 a day or £ 35 a week.

A. Will I be able to have one next weekend?

B. Have you got a current¹ license?

A. Yes, I've been driving since I was eighteen.

B. Good. All you do now is complete this form.

¹a current license: an up-to-date license.

 

***

-What's the rate for one of your medium-sized vans?

-The daily rate is £ 23, and the weekly £ 128.

-Right then. I'd like to book one for next Friday, please.

-Is yours a full license?

-Yes, I've had one ever since 1978.

-OK. If you'll just fill up this form, I'll book you one.

 

***

-Can you tell me the hire charge for minibuses please?

-You can have one for £ 20 a day or £ 138 for a week.

-All right. I'll take one for the week starting Tuesday next.

-Is your driving license valid? ¹

-Yes, there's no problem there.

-Fine. We'll need some par­ticulars and £ 25 deposit.

¹a valid license: an up-to-date license.

 

***

-Suppose I wanted to hire a van - how much would it cost?

-£ 22 per day, £ 130 per week.

-Fair enough. ¹ Reserve me one from the 1st to the 10th, please.

-Have you held a license for over two years?

-Yes, here it is.

¹Fair enough: that's all right.

In a Post Office

As well as the main post offices in town centers, there are numerous sub-post offices in suburbs and villages. These are often inside grocers' shops or general stores. Post offices also offer a form of banking service known as the 'National Savings Bank'. This is useful, as money may be withdrawn from any post office in the U.K. on produc­tion of a special savings book. One way of sending money through the post inside the U.K. is to buy postal orders which may be cashed at any of the post offices in the country. Registered envelopes for valuable items such as money and passports are also on sale.

A. What's the postage on these letters to Thailand, please?

В. I'll have to check. Do you need anything else?

A. Yes. A 50p stamp, please.

В. That'll be Ј7.95 in all.

 

-Could you tell me how much this parcel to France is?  

-I think I'd better look that up. Was there anything else?

-Yes. A postal order for Ј1.25 and an air letter form.

-Ј7.85, please.

 

***

-How much is this registered letter to Germany, please?

-I’ll just make sure. Anything else?

-Yes. Half a dozen air mail labels and a book of stamps.

-Ј7.85, please.

 

***

-What's the surcharge and postage on this express letter, please?

-I'll have a look. Did you want anything else?

-Yes. While I'm about it, ¹ I'll have a large registered envelope.

-That comes to Ј8.25.

¹While I'm about it: While I'm buying things in this post office.

 

Booking Airline Tickets

A. I want to fly to Geneva on or about the first.

В. I'll just see what there is.

A. I want to go economy, and I'd prefer the morning.

В. Lufthansa Flight LH 203 leaves at 0920.

A. What time do I have to be there?

В. The coach leaves for the airport at 0745.

 

***

-I'd like to book a flight to Munich for Monday the tenth.

-I'll have a look in the time­table for you.

-I'll need an economy class open return.¹

-KLM has got a DC-9 leaving at 0925.

-What else ought I to know?

The latest time of reporting is 0820 at the airport.

¹open return: a return which may be used at any time.

 

***

-What flights are there from London to Vienna to­morrow?

-If you'd like to take a seat, I'll find out for you.

-I'd like to travel first class, please.

-BA Flight BA 561 takes off from Heathrow at 9-25, and flies direct.

-What time have I got to get there?

-You'll have to be at Victoria Coach Station by 7-45.

 

***

-Are there any planes to Zurich on a Sunday?

-If you'll excuse me for a second, I'll check.

-By the way, I don't want a night flight.

-There's a Swissair DC-9 out of London at 09-20.

-When am I supposed to check in?

-If you're going to the air­port, you must be there before 08-20.

 

Комментарии

Перевод

Doubt [daut] — сомнение. Обратите внимание на то, что b в этом слове не произносится.

Green channel — (букв, зеленый канал) — проход через таможню для пассажиров, считающих, что у них нет ничего подлежащего обложению таможенной пошлиной, и проходящих без досмотра. Досмотр таких пассажиров проводится выборочно. Проход для пас­сажиров, везущих что-то сверх нормы, называется red channel.

straight on — казалось бы, что вполне достаточно сказать straight (прямо), но on по-английски означает также продолжение действия и, таким образом, дает дополнительную (хотя и не отра­зившуюся на русском переводе) информацию, что багаж перевозили и раньше (от Нью-Йорка до Лондона).

Duty free — беспошлинный (свободный от пошлины). Среди нескольких значений duty (долг, обязанность) есть значение пошлина.

Duty free allowance — норма беспошлинного провоза. Слово allowance происходит от глагола to allow (разрешать) и в этом соче­тании значит разрешенное количество.

To be entitled to...— иметь право на...

Discount — скидка (сочетание отрицательной приставки dis - с корнем - count (счет).

Double Decker — двухэтажный автобус ( deck — букв, палуба).

Big Ben — название часов с курантами на башне здания Пар­ламента.

Pub — пивная, трактир. В Англии в «пабах» не только пьют и едят, но и поют песни и играют в игры.

 

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