Task 5. Answer the following questions.

1. What bodies are the interpreters and declares of the law?

2. What categories are laws traditionally divided into?

3. What does the expression “written law” signify?

4. What are the two principal and subsidiary sources of English law?

5. What is the ultimate legislator in England?

6. What kind of law is predominant in England?

7. What does it mean that Parliament has no rival within the legislative sphere?

8. What are customs?

9. What is the difference between customary rules and laws?

10. What does the term “books of authority” mean?

11. Is there the system of wholesale codification in England?

12. How do the decisions of courts tend to be regarded?

 

Task 6 . Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.

1. Parliament has not adopted the system of wholesale codification which prevails in many continental countries.

2. Customs should be considered as one of the principal sources of law for much law was originally based upon it.

3. In England unwritten law is predominant, for more of the law derives from judicial precedents than from legislative enactments.

4. Customs are social habits, patterns of behaviour.

5. In England the ultimate legislator is Parliament.

6. The courts are the interpreters and declarers of the law.

 

Task 7. Match the following English words & expressions with their Ukrainian equivalents.

1. rules	a. людська поведінка
2. to improve	b. ставитися з повагою
3. principal	c. включати в себе
4. human conduct	d. правила
5. to increase the popularity	e. головний
6. to treat with respect	f. збільшити популярність
7. to involve	g. покращувати, вдосконалювати
8. to adopt the law	h. помилкові терміни
9. independent sources	i. прийняти закон
10. misleading terms	j. незалежні джерела

 

Task 8. Make up the sentences using the following words.

1. the courts, in, many, constantly, in practice, cited, textbooks, now, are.

2. legally, Parliament, legislative, is, sphere, the, “sovereign”, in.

3. the ultimate, England, is, Parliament, in, legislator.

4. the power, is, legal, no, of, limit, there, to, Parliament.

 

Task 9. Find in the basic text the synonyms to the words in italics.

1. On the Continent the volume of enacted law tends to preponderate over the volume of unenacted law.

2. Two main and two secondary sources of English law must be mentioned.

3. Traditions are social habits, patterns of behaviour.

4. In England there are certain “Books of Authority”, written by famous authors.

5. Many manuals are now in practice constantly cited in the courts.

6. Traditional terms written or unwritten laws are mistaken.

7. In England the principal legislator is Parliament.

 

Task 10. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1. The Parliament is the interpreter and declarer of the law.

2. In England written law tends to preponderate.

3. Legislation is enacted law.

4. The decisions of courts aren’t always treated with respect.

5. In many continental countries the system of wholesale codification prevails.

6. There is no legal limit to the power of Parliament.

7. Not all enactments have to be interpreted.

8. The lawyers are the recognized interpreters of the law.

9. Judicial Precedents are firmly grounded upon the actualities of litigation and the reality of human conduct.

10. Courts have no influence upon the development of enacted law.

 

Task 11. Put these sentences into Past Simple tense.

1. The volume of legal literature increases.

2. “The books of authority” carry a weight of authority almost equal to that of precedents.

3. Parliament has no rival within the legislative sphere.

4. Some customary rules are observed in their own right.

5. Laws are traditionally divided into two main categories.

6. New cases lead onwards to reach forward to new rules.

 

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