UNIT 5. THE SITE INVESTIGATIONS.

Vocabulary

access – доступ

(to) affect – касаться, затрагивать

(to) consider – учитывать

contaminated ground –радиоактивно зараженная местность

(to) determine – решать, измерять

essential – важный

(to) flood – наполнять, затоплять

intended purpose – назначенная цель

(to) investigate – исследовать, изучать

level site – равнинная местность

(to) propose – предлагать

slope – уклон, наклонная выработка

sloping site – местность с уклоном

suitability – соответствие, пригодность

(to) survey – привязка к местности

trial holes – разведочная скважина

mains water – водопроводная вода

One of the essentials for a construction project is the land that becomes the building site. Before the design work begins, you need to learn as much about the proposed building site as you can. You do this by:

1. considering stability of the site for its intended purpose;

2. investigating the site in person;

3. surveying the site;

4. digging trial holes

Two factors affect a client’s decision to start a building project on a specific site:

1. its suitability for the purpose of the intended project;

2. the likely cost of developing the site

The clients also considers the total cost of developing a particular site before deciding if it is suitable for a building project.

A surveyor will gig the trial holes to find out the condition of the soil and the amount of water present. Soil samples and removed and analyzed.

The surveyor finds out the horizontal and vertical levels to determine how flat the site is.Site levels are fixed in relation to a mark or level nearby such as:

1. a datum level mark of an area as the height above standard sea level in metres;

2. a manhole cover in a nearby road, which is a permanent marker for ground level;

3. a mark made on a rock face or tree, which can be measured and used to establish levels when the building work begins o site;

4. spot levels which are points marked out on the ground for taking levels

When the survey is completed, the information is used to prepare a drawing to a suitable scale to show the physical characteristics of the site and area around it.

The drawing includes:

1. the shape and size of the site in relation to the area around it;

2. The building line. This line is usual the distance that must be maintained between the purposed building and the site boundary. The building inspector can confirm whether the building line is correct.

3. the datum level that served as the baseline for the survey levels;

4. the location of any spot levels on the site;

5. the contours, or lines that show the amount and direction of any slope on the site;

6. road access to the site;

7. the location of many manholes and the direction of the drainage runs. This should be confirmed with the local authority, why may also give you information about the direction or flow and invert levels

8. the locations of any services such as water and electricity in relation to the site;

9. the position of trees or other natural features, which might influence the building design or construction, work.

Answer the questions according to the text:

1. Which factors are likely to increase building costs?

2. What feature indicates the presence of drains below ground?

3. Which three services are useful for site development?

4. How do you understand such expression: “a mark made on a rock face or tree”?

Exercises:

1) Complete the sentences according to the text:

1. The drawing includes ………….. that served as the baseline for the survey levels.

2. Site levels …….. in relation to a mark or level nearby.

3. One of the …….. for a construction project is the land.

4. Two ……… affect a client`s decision to start a building project.

5. Soil samples are ……….. and analyzed.

2) Translate into Russian:

1. Spot levels are the series of points on the ground where the survey or lakes the levels.

2. Trial holes are used to investigate the condition of the soil below ground level.

3. The datum is a level that is marked on maps to provide a common fixed measurement such as the height above sea level.

4. Contours are lines that join points of equal height above or below the datum level.

5. Contours show the direction and height of a slope.

3) Put the verbs into the correct tenses:

1. A. I...... (see) three films this week.

B. I haven't seen any, I'm afraid.

2. A. Where is Jack?
B. He......... (go) to the park with Paul.

3. A. I haven't seen Tom for a long time.
B. I know. He......... (study) a lot since September.

4. A. John paid for the cinema tickets last night.
B. Really? He......... (be) very generous these days.

5. A. The children are exhausted.
B. They......... (play) for hours, that's why.

6. A. I had a very bad day at work yesterday.
B. So did I. First, the computer.......... (break down) and then I......... (spill) coffee on some papers.

4) Write the sentences again, using the word or words in brackets instead of the underlined word or words. Make the necessary changes to the sentences.

1. I am reading a book about the Pacific now.
(often)

2. We have taken an expedition to China for the last five years.
(every year)

3. We eat a lot of fish every week.
(at the moment)

4. Pauline Jones has worked at a travel agent's in London since 2000.
(in the school holidays this year)

5. Brian goes to some unusual places in the summer.
(for the last five years)

6. We always prepare for expeditions.
(now)

7. Dave is repairing his motorbike, so we cannot go to the cinema on it.
(can)

5) Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.

1. The boat ________ (sink) quickly but fortunately everybody ________________ (rescue).

2. Jacob's parents _____________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister _________ (bring) up by their grandparents.

3. I was born in London but I __________ (grow) up in the north of England.

4. While I was on holiday, my camera ________ (steal) from my hotel room.

5. While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (disappear) from my hotel room.

References:

http: //www.slideshare.net/elmadewiyanaismail/lecture2-site-investigation
http: //ebooks.narotama.ac.id/files/Building%20Construction; %20Principles, %20Materials, %20& %20Systems%20(2nd%20Edition)/Cover%20& %20Table%20of%20Contents%20-%20Building%20Construction; %20Principles, %20Materials, %20and%20Systems%20(2nd%20Edition).pdf

Building Construction: Principles and Practices by D.Walton, Macmillan, 1995, p. 9-12

Watch the video and discuss it in class:

http: //www.youtube.com/watch? v=5vStHoQJSvc

http: //www.youtube.com/watch? v=qsuaxIu8YY4#t=45

 

TEST

Choose the correct answer:

1. We had been walking for hours......... we reached the campsite.

a) since

b) for

c) before

2. John was repairing the car.............. Steve was tidying the garage.

a) while

b) before

c) after

3. We went to Spain on holiday.............

a) tomorrow

b) next year

c) last year

4. I fell asleep............ I closed my eyes.

a) just

b) as soon as

c) already

5.............Jane and Ted get married?

a) How long

b) How long ago

c) While

Complete the sentences

6. On Saturdays I usually ____________ (play) computer games with my cousins.

7. My mum ____________ (not cook) dinner last night.

8. I ____________ (walk) to school because there weren´ t any buses.

9. They ____________ (not dance) at the party today.

10. My brother ____________ (travel) to Ireland last summer.

Give the Russian equivalents of the following words:

11. degas

12. subsoil

13. remove

14. foundation

15. area supervisor

Use the correct forms of adjectives and adverbs:

16. I felt very ill last week, but I'm slightly.......(good) now.

17. I cannot hear you. Could you speak a little..... (loud) please?

18. Steven is.....(tall) boy in the basketball team.

19. The new library is far..... (close) to my house than the old one.

20. Jane's new haircut makes her look..... (attractive).

Translate into English:

21. Рыхлая

22. Копать

23. Валун

24. Лапчатый лом

25. Лопата

Choose the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.

26. It is a big factory. Five hundred people …there.

a) a. employ

b) b. are employed

c) c. employed

27. Water ___________ most of the Earth's surface.

a) a. is covered

b) b. covered

c) c. covers

28. Most of the Earth's surface ___________ by water.

a) a. is covered

b) b. covered

c) c. covers

29. The park gates ___________ at 6.30 p.m. every evening.

a) a. is locked

b) b. lock

c) c. are locked

30. The letter __________ (post) a week ago and it ____________ (arrive) yesterday.

a) a. was posted, arrived

b) b. posted, arrives

c) c. post, arrive

Check true or false:

31. Excavation is used to remove soil to lay a foundation or to reduce the levels below an oversite slab.

a) T

b) F

32. Safety is not very important in excavation work.

d) T

e) F

33. Water can fill excavated holes and trenches, which is dangerous.

a) T

b) F

34. Excavation cannot be done with machines or by hand.

a) T

b) F

35. Timbers are used to provide temporary support to the walls of an excavation..

a) T

b) F

ENGLISH IN COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN.

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