Exercise 1. Transform the sentences according to the model.

Model: Susan is a woman. She does the books.

Susan is a woman who does the books.

1. Partners are people. They have unlimited liability.

2. This is my partner. He often runs a risk.

3. He is a shop-assistant. He gets along well with all the customers.

4. Susan is a partner. She puts a big amount of money into business.

5. Jean is my friend. She has the background of accounting.

6. Barbara is my partner. She knows how to attract customers.

7. Tom is a partner. He is good at selling.

8. Jack is my friend. He is a secret partner of my business.

9. Helen is my friend. She had supper with Jack in the restaurant.

 

Exercise 2. Answer the questions.

1. What do you want to be busy with?

2. Do you want to go into business alone or with a partner?

3. With what partner do you get along well? 4.1magine you run a shop. What will you do to attract customers?

5. Do you need to consult a lawyer, to make a right choice when starting the business.

6. What is your background?

7. Are you a careful person, or do you like to run a risk?

8. How can you combine the resources with your partner?

9. What services and skills can you contribute in your business?

10.How will you distribute profits and losses in your partnership?

11.What kind of partner would you like to be: a general partner or a limited partner? Why so?

Exercise 3. Translate into English.

1. Члены правления имеют полную юридическую ответственность.

2. Партнер с ограниченной юридической ответственно­стью не имеет реальной власти.

3. Секретный партнер принимает участие в управлении, но он не известен общественности.

4. Я хочу вложить деньги в недвижимость.

5. Партнерство имеет много преимуществ.

6. Партнерство часто получает налоговые льготы от пра­вительства.

7. Мы хорошо ладим с партнером.

8. Наше кафе привлекает все больше и больше клиентов.

9. Я сделал правильный выбор. Это дело приносит много прибыли.

10.Мой рабочий опыт связан с менеджментом.

11.Она хорошо разбирается в бухгалтерском деле.

12. Мы вкладываем в дело одинаковый капитал.

 

Exercise 4. Discuss the following problem: A Joint Venture*. Pro and Con.

______________

*A Joint Venture - совместное предприятие

 

Exercise 5. Make up the dialogue.

Consult the lawyer how to form a partnership. Use your active vocabulary.

Grammar Exercises

Exercise 1. Make the sentences negative.

Model: I am going into business.

I am not going into business.

1. Your business is receiving the tax benefits.

2. Your partnership is running the great risk.

3. We are getting along quite well with my partner.

4. They are going to be general partners.

5. The partners are sharing profits and losses with each other.

6. Their partnership is losing their profit every month.

Exercise 2. Put up four questions of different types (general, special, disjunctive, alternative) to each sentence.

Model: The partners are getting along quite well.

1. Are the partners getting along quite well?

2. Why are the partners getting along quite well?

3. The partners are getting along well, aren't they?

4. Are the partners getting along well or badly?

1. Jane is doing the books in our firm.

2. We are putting the same amount of money into business.

3. My brother is investing his money in the private cafe.

4. They are distributing the losses unequally.

5. We are combining resources very well.

LESSON 3

CORPORATIONS

Text

A business corporation is an institution established for the purpose of making profit. It is operated by individuals Their snares of ownership are represented by stock certificates. A person who owns a stock certificate is called a stock-holder.

There are several advantages of the corporate form of ownership. The first is the ability to attract financial resources. The next advantage is the corporation attracts a large amount of capital it can invest it in plants, equipment and research. And the third advantage is that a corporation can often higher salaries and thus attract talented managers and specialists.

The privately owned business corporation is one type of corpora lion. There are some other types too. Educational, religious, charitable institutions can also incorporate. Usually such corporation does not issue stock and is nonprofit. If there is a profit it is reinvested in the institution rather than distributed to private stockholders.

In some western countries, cities, stales, federal government and special agencies can establish governmental corporations. A few examples of the governmental corporations are state universities, state hospitals and city owned utilities. Governmental corporations are non-profit as a rule and usually they do not issue stock certificates.

Active Vocabulary

Corporation корпорация

to establish учреждать

stock certificate акция

stockholder (shareholder) акционер, держатель акций

to attract financial resources привлекать финансовые ресурсы

to offer high salaries предлагать высокие зарплаты

to attract a large amount привлекать большой капитал

of capital капитал

educational, religious, образовательные, религиозные,

charitable institutions благотворительные учреждения

to issue stock выпускать акции

nonprofit неприбыльный

to reinvest вкладывать еще раз

Comprehension Questions

1. Who can own a corporation?

2. Is a corporation necessarily larger than a sole proprietorship?

3. What are the advantages of the corporate form of ownership?

4. What can you say about the disadvantages of the corporate form of ownership?

5. Do the corporations issue stock to stockholder?

6. What kind of corporations usually don't issue the stock?

7. What world-known corporations do you know?

8. What types of business usually take the corporate form of ownership?

Vocabulary Practice

Exercise 1. Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence.

1. What kind of … is better: buying stock | 1charitable

or buying real estate? |

2. To attract greater financial... the |

company issues the stock. | 2 stock

3. A university can be... corporation. | 3 resources

4. The partners didn't put the same... |

into business. | 4 institution

5. The group of people from different |

countries are going to... a corporation. | 5 investment

6. The Red Cross is an international... |

organization. | 6 nonprofit

7. I want to buy some... in IBM and | 7 amount

General Motors. | of capital

8. An educational..'. usually reinvests |

all its money. | 8 to establish

Dialogue

Secretary Good afternoon.

Steve Good afternoon. I'd like to see Mr. Jackson. We have an arrangement with him. My name is Mr. Watson.

Secretary Just a minute, please. I'll let him know you are here.

Steve Thanks.

Secretary Mr. Jackson is waiting for you. Do you know where his office is?

Steve Oh sure, thank you.

Jackson Hello, Steve, it's so nice to see you. Sit down, please.

Steve Thanks, Nick. How are you getting on?

Jackson Quite all right, thanks. And what about you?

Steve Everything is all right too. In fact I want to talk to you about my business.

Jackson Oh, I'll be glad to do something for you.

Steve Well, Nick. I need some legal advice. John and I are thinking of incorporating.

Jackson You are going to expand, aren't you? It seems that your partnership has been doing very well.

Steve Oh, yes. We have a success. Now some businessmen are interested in investing with us. So could you explain me what sort of legal procedure I have to follow to form a corporation?

Jackson At first you have to apply for a corporate charter.

Steve Well?

Jackson Let me get this straight. You want to issue and sell stock in exchange for investment capital, don't you?

Steve Exactly.

Jackson After you obtain the charter the stockholders, as owners, hold a meeting to organize the corporation.

Steve Does that mean we elect our Board of Directors, adopt bylaws and choose the company's officers?

Jackson That's what I mean. Though the officers of the company supervise daily management, the.stockholders always have final authority. They vote at annual meetings.

Steve Yes, I see it. By the way, does a corporation have limited liability?

Jackson It does. It also has the right to own property, to buy and sell and right to sue and be sued.

Steve I see. The corporation acts like a person. It has the right of an individual.

Jackson You are right.

Steve O.K. Why don't we get together for a game of golf one day next week?

Active Vocabulary

bylaws юридические положения для предприятий

I need some legal advice мне нужен юридический совет

to incorporate соединяться, объединяться

to invest вкладывать деньги

to expand расширяться (о производстве)

to follow a legal procedure следовать юридической процедуре

to apply for a corporate charter подавать заявление на корпоративный патент

to issue and sell stock выпускать и продавать акции

in exchange for investment взамен на вложенный

capital капитал

stockholder, shareholder акционер, держатель акций

to hold a meeting проводить собрание

to eject a board of directors проводить собрание директоров

to choose the company's выбирать административных

officers исполнителей компании

to have a final authority иметь решающее слово

to supervise daily осуществлять ежедневное

management руководство

to vote голосовать

annual meeting ежегодное собрание

to have limited liability иметь неограниченную юридическую ответственность

to own property владеть собственностью

to sue возбуждать судебное дело

to be sued подвергаться судебному разбирательству

Vocabulary Exercises

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