Drill your communication skills. Work in pairs or small groups.

a) Answer the following questions in your own words:

1. What industries and spheres of human being have microbes been already used?

2. What way are microbes employed for the human safety?

3. How can tionic bacteria advance metal mining and make it more effective?

4. Is it reasonable to employ microorganisms in food supply?

5. What way are bacteria employed to solve the problem of water shortage?

b) Search additional information on the subjects given below. Share your observations and ideas with your partners and discuss this information in small groups.

1. Bacteria are the substituents of fertilizers;

2. Anaerobic bacteria can provide benefit;

3. Microorganisms are “experts” (indicator microorganisms);

4. Microorganisms can help to provide for mankind – history and prospects;

5. Microbes - fantastic ideas come into being.

12. Make a review to the text ERA OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES(Part I and Part II).

Appendix I How to Make a Review of an Article

Intro (title, bibliographic data)	The title/name of the article is... . The article is titled “……” The author of the article is…. It’s taken from... . It was published in (date/the name of an issue / website)

Main Body

The article is devoted to / addresses to the problem of / considers / is concerned with / deals with… The main purpose/aim of this paper is to The paper provides the analysis of / information concerning… The main idea of the article is (that)…. In particular, there 3 main ideas…, namely….

The author points out / touches upon / tells about / says that / emphasizes the following things / gives the description (data, examples, figures, some facts) of...

It is stated that / It was found out that / It is estimated that … It was proved that / It is mentioned that (about)

Conclusion

In conclusion (it is said that)… To sum up / to conclude… Finally, …

N.B.: You can pass fluently throughout your review with the help of these phrases:

1) Sequence:

to start / begin with /at first / first(ly) / first of all / /initially / above all;

then / afterwards / next / further on / second(ly) / third(ly);

2) Addition:

in addition to/ additionally / besides / also / afterwards / moreover / furthermore / as well / as well as / what is more / not only … but also

3) Going into Details / Detalization:

in particular / particularly / namely / that is / especially / in other words /

for example / for instance / such as / like /

Appendix II ‘For and Against’ Essay

A Pros-and-Cons list can help you make more balanced judgment by weighing all the positives and negatives. Develop a list of positives and negatives.

Pros	Cons
1.	1.
2.	2.

The common-accepted structure includes:

● Introduction

● Advantages/Benefits/Conveniences of the phenomenon (method/material) concerned

● Disadvantages/Downside/Shortcoming/Drawback of the phenomenon (method/material) concerned

● Comparison or Evaluation (although sometimes this is omitted)

● Conclusion

Introduction	It was reported that ... However, this new modification turned out to have some by-effects alongside with indisputable benefits.
Body paragraph Pros	The first and the most important advantage is that… On the plus side … Another convenience we’d like to mention about is …. It also offers the advantage in…	On the one hand….., but on the other…. For one thing…., for another one….. Though the latest modification ranks in priority to the previous one, it still has some weak points.
Body paragraph Cons	But there is also a shortcoming/drawback of using it in…. On the other hand… Another weakness of the method proposed is…
Evaluation	Having analyzed all the points of view…
Conclusion	Having taken both advantages and disadvantages into account, we can conclude that… Finally, despite of this drawback we can’t but appreciate…. It’s obvious that the ecological risks outweigh technological improvements.

Список рекомендуемой литературы

1. Фомина, Е. В.. English for Ecology: учеб. пособие/ Е. В. Фомина, И. Д. Латфуллина. - Тюмень: Изд-во ТюмГУ, 2007. - 183 с.

2. Callaghan, P.W. Integrated environmental management handbook/ P.W. Callaghan. - Chichester: John Wiley & sons, 1996. - 368 с.

3. Stenholm, A. Total Nitrogen in Wastewater Analysis: Comparison of Devarda's Alloy Method and High Temperature Oxidation Followed by Chemiluminescence Delection / A. Stenholm, S. Holmstrom, A. Ragnarsson. - (Оригинальные статьи) // Журнал аналитической химии. - 2009. - Т. 64, № 10.

4. Environmental Law and Ecological Responsibility. - New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994. - 411p.

5. The Concise Lexicon of Environmental Terms. - New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1995. - 256 с. - (Environmental law series).

6. The New Encyclopaedia Britannica: in 32 Volumes/ Norton P.D., Esposito J.J. - 15-th edition. - Chicago; London; Madrid; Paris; Rome; Tokyo V. 14: Arctic-Biosphere. - 1994. - 1217 с.

7. Undeground Storages for Radioactive Wastes / A. Annenkov [et al.] //Science in Russia. - 2008. - № 5. - С. 14-20.

8. Impact of Coal Mining on Environment / S. Goswami // European Researcher. – 2015. – 3(92). – C. 185-196 - http://elibrary.ru/contents

9. Risk of Mouth Ecosystems Pollution of the Major Rivers of Russia / A.M. Nickanorov, O.S. Reshetnyak // European Researcher. – 2014. – 5-1(74). – C. 918-924. - http://elibrary.ru/contents

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