Make the adjectives in brackets negative.

11) She is very (like) her mother.

12) These are (regular) verbs.

13) Keep your broken leg (mobile).

14) It’s (legal) to bring these things into the country.

15) He got his money by (honest) means.

16) (standard) vocabulary is usually not used by educated people.

17) She gave a (gracious) refusal.

18) Their natures are (compatible).

19) (experienced) people lack the knowledge.

20) She used (direct) methods of measurement.

 

3.Name adjectives related to the following participles:

21) shaved 22) drunk 23) shrunk

24) wicked 25) legged 26) crooked

27) learned 28) blessed

29) ragged 30) dogged

Unit 2

1.Put the adjective in the right place.

31) (something) new today 32) (martial) court 33) (sweet) the peach tastes 34) (interested) anyone 35) (happy) she seems

36) (available) figures on this question 37) (public) notary 38) (afraid) she is of him 39) (enough) brave to do it 40) (nice) you look

Put the adjectives in the right order.

41) a (woollen, black, extravagant, Scottish, expensive) suit 42) a (Irish, beautiful, young) woman 43) a (winter, calm, beautiful) day 44) a (big, good, black, old) dog 45) a (ceramic, antique, expensive) vase

46) a (Russian, famous, historic) film 47) a (nice, straight, Roman) nose 48) a (silver, old, impressive) ring 49) a (old, nice, little) town 50) a (plastic, red, old, little) toy

Unit 4

Give the comparative and superlative forms for the following adjectives.

51) clumsy 52) bad 53) narrow

54) regular 55) complete 56) merry

57) far 58) old

59) little 60) stupid

2. Complete the sentences using patterns indicating inequality:

61) My brother is (old) … his brother.

62) Her lips are (red) … his lips.

63) The hotels here are (expensive) … as there.

64) The weather this summer is (good) … as last summer.

65) The snow today is (heavy) … as it was yesterday.

66) She is (pretty) … her mother.

67) The Svisloch is (long) … the Volga.

68) Gold is (heavy) … platinum.

69) St Petersburg is (ancient) … Minsk.

70) This street is (narrow) … that street.

 

Translate into English.

71) самый громкий 72) намного красивее  73) самый умный 74) значительно хуже 75) гораздо выше

76) гораздо более забавный 77) намного лучше 78) чем больше, тем лучше 79) чем больше учишься, тем больше знаешь 80) чем сильнее становишься, тем меньше устаешь

Unit 5

Choose the right adjective.

81) It was really a (terrifying/terrified) experience.

82) Everybody was (shocking/shocked).

83) His (exciting/excited) story touched my heart.

84) I am (amusing/amused) to find you here.

85) I feel (embarrassing/embarrassed) when people ask my age.

86) As he had an (interesting/interested) look on his face I continued.

87) The (depressing/depressed) news discouraged him.

88) She seemed very (worrying/worried) about something.

89) The lesson was (boring/bored) and the students were (boring/bored).

90) I am (fascinating/fascinated) with their ceremonies.

 

Unit 6

Instead of regular adjectives use substantivized adjectives where possible.

91) Only young people have such moments.

92) The impossible thing has happened.

93) English people like tea.

94) In the trench they met two working wounded persons.

95) A Czech man was waving his hand.

96) Blind people usually have a guide dog.

97) The girls looked wonderful in their national clothes. The Japanese girls were wearing long kimonos and two Indian girls were wearing saris.

98) She was told not to eat sweet things.

99) The quiet state of Nature was wonderfully poignant.

100) A Dutch man started speaking Dutch.

 

100/_____

 

UNIT 1                MEANING AND CREATION

 

1. An adjective is a word that describes a noun (or a pronoun). It tells which one or what kind: funny clowns, the nearest house, the school is new, she is pretty .

 

Derivationally adjectives may be simple (old, white, dark, blue), compound (two-year old, snow-white, dark-blue) and derived ( dis honest, use ful, un deliver able ).

 

2. The most common adjectival derivational suffixes that are added to nouns are:

-less: help less , use less

-ish: woman ish, child ish

-like: woman like, child like

Other productive adjective-forming suffixes that make adjectives are:

from nouns:

-al: centr al , cultur al

-ic: patriot ic , hero ic

-ous: danger ous , courage ous

-y: rain y , wind y

-en: wood en, wool en

-ish: Pol ish, Swed ish

-ful: care ful , doubt ful

-ary: element ary , custom ary

from verbs:

-able/-ible: eat able , convert ible

-any/-ent: resist ant , differ ent

-ive: act ive , progress ive

-ory : contradict ory, satisfact ory

from adjectival word-groups:

-ed: blue-ey ed, broad-shoulder ed

3. There are many adjectives that have the same form as participles: his surpris ing views, the offend ed man, a tir ed face.

A few adjectives, however, are differentiated from participles in pronunciation – in adjectives the vowel in the suffix –ed is pronounced while in participles it is not: cf.: crook ed (adj) [ krukid ] – crook ed (part) [krukt]. (See also blessed, dogged, wicked, learned, ragged, etc.). A few adjectives are differentiated from participles by taking the –en suffix (cf.: adjectives shav en, drunk en, shrunk en and participles shav ed, drunk, shrunk ).

4. The most common adjectival prefixes are negative in meaning:

un- ( un happy),

in- ( in able, in different ) and its variations im- / ir- / il- ( im moral, im patient, ir regular, il legal),

dis- ( dis honest), and

non- ( non -essential, non verbal).

There is a certain uncertainty whether a word should be used with un- or in-. But the general rule is that un- is an English prefix and is easily added to native English words ( un friendly, un bearable, un broken) and in- is Latin and is usually added to words of Latin origin ( il legal, ir relevant, im moral).

Moreover, while un- merely negates what the base word says ( un attractive, un finished, un married), in- has more than mere negation (cf.: im moral ‘conflicting with moral principles’ – the word implies active opposition to what is moral, and un moral ‘not moral, not concerned with morality or ethics’).

The negative prefix dis- implies deprivation, complete lack of something ( dis able, dis honest, dis connected).

The negative prefix non- has the meaning of ‘not, lacking the usual characteristics of the thing specified’. It is less common than un - and is usually more literal or scientific: non convertible, non -infectious, non -native.

The negative suffix a- is added only to words of Greek origin: a sexual, a moral (literary use, un moral or im moral are more common).

 

Besides adjectival negative prefixes there are also prefixes of:

time and space: pre-, post-, trans- ( pre -war, post -war, trans atlantic);

hierarchy and priority: sub-, super-, ultra- ( sub conscious, super natural, ultra -shor t).

 

 

E x e r c i s e s

 

1.1.Convert the following verbs and nouns into adjectives by means of suffixes.

1) You can always rely on John. He is very (depend). – You can always rely on John. He is very dependable.

2) The doctor gave me a very (favour) report on my health.

3) What a lovely picture! Your daughter must be very (artist).

4) I think it’s very (reason) of him to expect us to work overtime this week.

5) This rule is not (apply) in this case.

6) Don’t tell anyone else. It’s (confide).

7) This (wood) bed is very old.

8) This girl spoke in a (child) voice.

9) Do you speak (Turk)?

10) You may throw it away. It’s (use).

11) It’s tiring and (mind) work.

12) This is a picture of a (want) criminal.

13) She is definitely a (kind heart) woman.

 

1.2. Read the following poems paying attention to the pronunciation of adjectives.

There was a crooked man, and he walked a crooked mile,

He found a crooked sixpence against a crooked stile;

He bought a crooked cat, which caught a crooked mouse,

And they lived together in a little crooked house.

In Bethlehem, in Jewry, this blessed Babe was born,

And laid within a manger, upon the blessed morn.

1.3.Make the adjectives in brackets negative.

1) Some people were (flexible) in their desire to keep John out of major-league baseball. – Some people were inflexible in their desire to keep John out of major-league baseball.

2) John remained (violent) in spite of receiving racial insults.

3) When John retired, he became (patient) to see other black people succeed in their careers.

4) John’s work against racial prejudice remains (finished).

5) I am afraid he is (conscious).

6) How (credible) it is!

7) Your passport has become (valid).

8) Using other people for one’s own profit is (moral).

9) If he can do this job his age is (relevant).

10) These tribes remain to be (literate).

11)  He was (obedient) to his mother.

12)  It’s (legal) to park your car here.

13)  The forms of (regular) verbs should be learned by heart.

14) He got money by (honest) means.

 

 

⇐ Предыдущая234567891011Следующая ⇒

Поделиться: