Мовний етикет – правила ввічливого спілкування

The rules of polite communication

- Address issues promptly – If you let feelings fester, that is just what will happen: They will rot you from the inside out.

-Express your feelings and thoughts – How can you expect the other person to understand if you don't express yourself completely?

-Listen actively – Active listening involves eye contact, nods, and affirmations. Listen both for what is said and what is not said, for feelings expressed and feelings suppressed.

-Don't get upset – Allowing yourself to become driven by emotion indicates that your reason has taken a back seat. If you notice yourself or the other person becoming agitated, call a "Time Out."

-Validate the other person – Each person's feelings and concerns are important, however misguided they may seem. Realize that other people's perspectives ARE their reality, the way they honestly see the world.

-Don't get defensive – If you notice yourself becoming defensive, say so or ask for a "Time Out." If you sense the other person becoming defensive, try to ease the tension and examine what could have triggered such a response.

-Avoid "You ..." generalizations – Accusatory statements usually trigger defensive behavior and do not promote free expression. Try to use specific examples – "always" and "never" statements are weak, needing only one exception to be disproved.

-Stay on topic – Do not allow other issues to enter into the discussion. Though important, these issues deserve to be addressed separately.

-Check understanding – Try restating what you heard to see if that was the intended message. It takes two to communicate – the speaker AND the listener. Both parties share the responsibility for clear communication.

-Don't be repetitive – If you repeat a statement to clarify a misunderstanding, be sure to emphasize the difference in meaning – otherwise you may seem to be merely grandstanding.

-Always be respectful – Rudeness is never appropriate or acceptable. Remember that to earn respect you must first show respect for others.

-Don't interrupt – No one likes to have a train of thought derailed by an impatient listener. What you have to say is very important, but listening to the other person is even more important. Frequent interruptions indicate a lack of concern for what the other person has to say.

-Let the other person respond – If you launch into a tirade, listing a multitude of offenses, you are inviting an interruption. The other person surely has a response for each of your statements and, denied the opportunity to express these thoughts, will rapidly become impatient or agitated.

-Suggest solutions – It is easy to complain about a problem. Actually suggesting solutions requires much more time, effort, and thought. The very act of developing a solution requires viewing the problem from a new perspective and, possibly, realizing how difficult it is to design and implement a workable solution.

-Agree to disagree – Sometimes a solution cannot be found. In such cases, agree that you will not resolve the issue during this session and end the discussion on good terms.

 

Практичне заняття № 11

Підготовка до подорожі. Подорожування

Instructions

-Calculate your time and money. You can travel around the world in a week, or you can spend years doing it. Decide how much time you would like to use and how much money you have to spend on your trip.

-Pick your destinations. Make a list of all of the places you want to go. You can get a lot of information about places to visit in travel magazines, your local library or bookstore and also online.

-Plan your trip. Use your list of travel destinations to plan your actual route around the world. Decide how you want to travel from place to place and when you should purchase your tickets. It really is up to you whether you go all the way by airplane, or you can travel some of the way by boat, rail, bus, vehicle and even by animal; if this is what you desire.

-Ready your passport and get your visas. If you do not already have a passport, get one. Check the various countries you will be traveling to for any visa or other special requirements. Do this far in advance of your actual travel date.

-Take care of health issues. Learn what vaccinations or other shots you should get for all of the places you will travel to. If you have a medical condition, make sure you plan for this also. Talk to your doctor, if you have any questions concerning your health as you travel around the world.

-Take care of last minute details. Pay any bills that will come due in advance, or have this information with you. Take care of your mail. You can have it forwarded or have someone pick it up. If you have pets, make arrangements for them to come with you or for them to be taken care of while you are gone. Collect phone numbers and addresses of any one you want to keep in contact with. A good way to do this is to have this information in an online email account that you can easily access from any where around the world. In addition, make copies of every important paper you may need and email them to your own email account.

-Check the weather and pack. Pack according to the weather conditions expected in the places you plan to travel to. Do not over pack. It is better to have fewer items to worry about as you travel around the world.Words:

Words:

A destintion - пункт призначення

To purchase - купувати

To book - замовляти

Vaccinations - вакцинація

A bill - рахунок

In addition - на додаток

Vehicle - транспорт

To calculate - підраховувати

 

 

Практичне заняття № 12

Ділова подорож

Business trip

Employees of different countries usually go on business trips. Any firm chooses only best export for it. Companies can arrange such trips both in and outside the country. There are many reasons of going on business there are to make a contract, to discuss different terms of delivery, payment or shipment, to have tests, to do consultancy, to improve once professional skills, to work etc. Represent — natives of the companies make preliminary arrangements in order to meet. Usually itinerary of the trip is carefully planned by the head of the department or an executive. A business trip can be a long term or a short term one. Often an employee must give a financial report to the chief. As a rule businessman has a chance to go sightseeing or to visit theatres, or just have some rest after the working day. They also try to buy gifts or presents to relatives, friends and colleagues business trips contribute to extension of business relationship of a company and help to succeed in the world market. Business today is international, so business people often have to travel. On a business trip people may meet colleagues and business partners for a first time. It is usual for colleagues from different countries to experience cultural difficulties. In other words, they may be surprised by foreign social conventions that is the different ways that other nationalities or different cultures do things. Management styles are also differed from country to country. In some cases it is useful to get a piece of advice from a special agency, consulting on the questions of international business. Business trip are very important nowadays because face to face contracts are more valuable and useful for the matter, make a cal so in order not to spoil business people will go on traveling on business.

 

Questions:

1. What are the reasons of going on business?

2. What kinds of business trips do you know?

3. What can employers do during their business trip?

4. Why are business trips very important nowadays?

 

Практичне заняття № 13

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