USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.

Examples:

· I am here now.

· She is not here now.

· He needs help right now.

· He does not need help now.

· He has his passport in his hand.

· Do you have your passport with you?

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:

· You only speak English.

· Do you only speak English?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:

· Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Active

· Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. Passive

Present Continuous

FORM

[am/is/are + present participle]

Examples:

· You are watching TV.

· Are you watching TV?

· You are not watching TV.

Complete List of Present Continuous Forms

USE 1 Now

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

Examples:

· You are learning English now.

· You are not swimming now.

· Are you sleeping?

· I am sitting.

· I am not standing.

· Is he sitting or standing?

· They are reading their books.

· They are not watching television.

· What are you doing?

· Why aren't you doing your homework?

USE 2 Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English, " now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on. Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.

Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)

· I am studying to become a doctor.

· I am not studying to become a dentist.

· I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.

· I am not reading any books right now.

· Are you working on any special projects at work?

· Aren't you teaching at the university now?

USE 3 Near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in the near future.

Examples:

· I am meeting some friends after work.

· I am not going to the party tonight.

· Is he visiting his parents next weekend?

· Isn't he coming with us tonight?

USE 4 Repetition and Irritation with " Always"

The Present Continuous with words such as " always" or " constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning is like Simple Present, but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words " always" or " constantly" between " be" and " verb+ing."

Examples:

· She is always coming to class late.

· He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.

· I don't like them because they are always complaining.

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Present Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Present.

Examples:

· She is loving this chocolate ice cream. Not Correct

· She loves this chocolate ice cream. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:

· You are still watching TV.

· Are you still watching TV?

Simple Past

FORM

[VERB+ed] or irregular verbs

Examples:

· You called Debbie.

· Did you call Debbie?

· You did not call Debbie.

Complete List of Simple Past Forms

USE 1 Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Examples:

· I saw a movie yesterday.

· I didn't see a play yesterday.

· Last year, I traveled to Japan.

· Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.

· Did you have dinner last night?

· She washed her car.

· He didn't wash his car.

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