B. wouldn’t have worked E. hadn’t become

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C. hadn’t worked F. wouldn’t become

8. – Did you say anything when he asked you?

– No, I didn’t. You see, if I (say) even a word, he (fly) into a rage.

A. said D. flew

B. would say E. would have flown

C. had said F. had flown

9. Would it be all right if I (come) round at about six?

A. come

B. came

C. will come

10. If you (be) at a loose end last month, you (pass) your exam. But you failed it.

A. hadn’t been D. would have passed

B. would have been E. would pass

C. were not F. will pass

11. If the water (be heated) to 100 degrees C, it (boil).

A. will be heated D. would boil

B. would be heated E. boils

C. is heated F. boil

12.If pigs (have) wings, they (fly).

A. had D. will fly

B. have E. fly

C. would have F. would fly

13. I (do) the same if I (be) in your shoes.

A. would do D. am

B. will do E. were

C. would have been F. will be

14. If I (see) her, I (speak) to her. But I didn’t see her and speak to her.

A. saw D. would have spoken

B. had seen E. spoke

C. would have seen F. would speak

15. Hurry up! We (not/get) good seats if we (arrive) late.

A. don’t get D. arrived

B. won’t get E. will arrive

C. didn’t get F. arrive

16. If I (know) that you were coming, I (meet) you at the airport. I had a lot of time to do that.

A. had known D. would meet

B. knew E. would have met

C. would have known F. will meet

17. If Columbus (not/have) such passion for travelling, he (not/ discover) America in 1492.

A. hadn’t D. hadn’t discovered

B. wouldn’t have had E. didn’t discover

C. hadn’t had F. wouldn’t have discovered

18. Robby, look at that man! If he (work) harder at school, he (not/sweep) the streets now.

A. worked D. wouldn’t be sweeping

B. would have worked E. wouldn’t have swept

C. had worked F. won’t be sweeping

THE NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERBS

THE INFINITIVE

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks with the infinitive of the appropriate verb: arrive, clean, cry, do, go, get, hear, know, sleep, wait, walk.

1. Please stay with me. I don't want you.....

2. Kevin's parents didn't want him.... married.

3. She didn't understand the story, so she asked me.... it to her.

4. Don't wake me up tomorrow morning. Let me.....

5. Talk quietly. I don't want anybody.... us.

6." Do you want to go by car? " – " No, let's....."

7. You're here early. I expected you.... later.

8. It was a very sad film. It made me.....

9. Please don't tell Sarah about my plan. I don't want her.....

10. The kitchen is very dirty. Can you help me.... it?

11." Shall we begin? " - " No, let's.... a few minutes."

12. What do you think about my problem? What do you advise me....?

Exercise 2. Open the brackets.

He made me (do) it all over again. 2. He made her (repeat) the message. 3. If you want us (get) there before dark you should let us (start) at once. 4. Would you like me (go) now? 5. They won't let us (leave) the Customs till our luggage has been examined. 6. He wouldn't let my baby (play) with his gold watch. 7. Please let me (know) your decision as soon as possible. 8. He made us (wait) for hours. 9. I let him (go) early as he wanted (meet) his wife. 10. I'd like him (go) to a university but I can't make him (go). 11. I want her (learn) English; I think everybody must (know) it. 12. I heard the door (open) and saw a shadow moving across the floor. 13. He tried to make me (believe) that he was my stepbrother. 14. I felt the house (shake) with the explosion. 15. Before he let us (go) he made us (promise) not to tell anybody what we had seen. 16. I advised him (ask) the bus-conductor to tell him where to get off. 17. She expects her husband (pay) the entire household expenses although she has a good job, too. 18. What do you want me (tell) him? 19. I saw the driver (open) his window and (throw) a box into the bushes. 20. That is too heavy for one person to carry, let me (help) you. 21. I saw the plane (crash) into the hill and (burst) into flames. 22. The teacher advised us (use) dictionaries. 23. Her father doesn't allow her (go) to the cinema alone.

THE GERUND

Exercise 1. Open the brackets using gerunds.

1. The windows are very dirty; they need (clean).

2. It's very hot, so you don't need (bring) a coat.

3. The house is old, and it badly wants (paint).

4. The famous man didn't need (introduce) himself.

5. The floor is covered with dust; it needs (sweep).

6. The grass in the garden is very dry; it wants (water) badly.

7. The planners didn't realise they would need (build) so many houses.

8. The shirt is quite clean; it doesn't want (wash) yet.

9. Her shoes have a hole in them; they want (mend).

10. The room was in a terrible mess; it needed (tidy up).

11. The baby's crying; I think he needs (feed).

12. I know my hair wants (cut) but I never have time to go to the hairdresser's.

13. John needed (cheer up) when he heard that he'd failed his exam.

14. You should tidy the garden.– Yes, it needs (tidy).The roses want (water), the peaches want (pick), the grass wants (cut).

Exercise 2. Open the brackets using the gerund in the appropriate form.

1. After the accident the injured man recovered consciousness in hospital. He remembered (cross) the road, but he didn't remember (knock down). 2. I am still thirsty in spite of (drink) four cups of tea. 3. This carpet always looks dirty, in spite of (sweep) every day. 4. He didn't return the book he had borrowed after (promise) to do so. 5. He got into the house by (climb) through a window, without (see) by anyone. 6. I think he was foolish to buy a car before (learn) how to drive it. 7. Peter is a much better chess-player than I am, and he was very much surprised when I beat him yesterday for the first time. He isn't used to (beat). 8. He went to bed at 9p.m. in spite of (sleep) all the afternoon. 9. He complained of (give) a very small room at the back of the hotel. 10. The little girl isn't afraid of dogs in spite of (bite) twice. 11. The little girl didn't go near the dog; she was afraid of (bite). 12. The baby went to sleep a few minutes after (feed). 13. The little girl never gets tired of (ask) her mother questions, but her mother often gets tired of (ask) so many questions. 14. They lived in a small town for ten years and then moved without (make) friends with any of their neighbours. 15. The little boy was punished for (tell) a lie by (send) to bed without his supper. 16. Mary was chosen a year ago to act in the school play. She was very pleased at (choose). 17. Jack doesn't like boxing. I don't know if he is afraid of (hurt) his opponent or of (hurt) himself. 18. He was taken to hospital unconscious after the accident. He died in hospital without (recover) consciousness. 19. I always treat people politely and I insist on (treat) politely. 20. The boy was very hungry at eleven o'clock in spite of (eat) a big breakfast two hours earlier. 21. She didn't get out of bed until ten o'clock in spite of (wake up) at seven.

THE PARTICIPLE

Exercise 1 . Open the brackets. Make participles of the verbs in brackets.

1. A crowd of (excite) people were watching the firemen trying to save the (burn) building. 2. " During my vacation I came across extremely (interest) books, " said he. – " Which ones? " she asked in an (interest) voice. 3. " Why do you look so (worry)? " – " I've had a number of (worry) telephone calls lately." 4. I don't know what was in the (burn) letter. 5. Nothing can save the (sink) ship now. All we can do is to try and save the passengers. 6. It was an (excite) incident. No wonder she spoke about it in an (excite) voice. 7. After hearing the (frighten) tale, the (frighten) children wouldn't go to sleep. 8. The doctor did his best to convince her that there was nothing seriously wrong with the boy, but the (worry) mother wouldn't calm down.

Exercise 2. Unite the following sentences into one using the appropriate participle.

E.g. He was very busy. He had to refuse our invitation.

Being very busy he had to refuse our invitation.

1. I knew that he was poor. I offered him a room.

2. She didn’t want to listen to the story again. She had heard it before.

3. I was awfully tired. I couldn’t listen to all that nonsense she was pouring on me.

4. The weather was just perfect. It was the greatest pleasure to just sit and relax on that marvellous riverbank.

5. He understood it was ferocity to kill that fabulous bird. He just couldn’t raise the gun.

6. The teacher has corrected our grammar tests. They are on his desk.

Exercise 3. Translate the following sentences into English using Participles.

1. Я уже проверил все сочинения, написанные студентами моей группы. 2. Покажите мне список студентов, изучающих английский язык. 3. Вы должны быть очень внимательны, открывая счет в банке. 4. Будучи очень усталым, я решил остаться дома. 5. Капитан стоял на палубе, отдавая распоряжения матросам. 6. Мы долго сидели в саду, разговаривая о нашей будущей поездке на юг. 7. Он показал нам список товаров, экспортируемых на юг. 8. Я еще не просмотрел всех журналов, присланных нам из Лондона. 9. Книги, издаваемые в нашей стране для детей, очень хорошо иллюстрированы. 10. Железная дорога, связывающая эту деревню с городом, была построена в прошлом веке.

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

Exercise 1. Put general questions to the following sentences.

1. There is a tea-pot on the table.

2. I work from nine to ten.

3. We are leaving for Hamburg next Saturday.

4. I have been busy the whole evening.

5. My friend studied in Sorbonne when he was young.

6. I can swim in cold water.

7. I had to go there at night.

8. I will show you how to do it.

9. You must work hard.

10. She didn't play well that evening.

12. I can't read English authors in the original.

13. I wasn't prepared to this sort of questions.

Exercise 2. Put special questions to the words in square brackets.

1. I have a lot of friends [in Moscow].

2. He has [three] daughters.

3. Nick is with his [grandmother] now.

4. Bill is in a [holiday camp].

5. It is [my] notebook.

6. He is absent [because he is ill].

7. These are [English] text-books.

Exercise 3. Ask questions using the words in brackets.

1..... is your best friend? (кто)

2..... is Bill so sad today? (почему)

3..... are my shoes? (где)

4..... have you got in your bag? (что)

5..... pencil is yours? (который)

6..... book is it? (чья)

7..... rooms have they got? (сколько)

Exercise 4. Put special questions to all the words in the following sentences.

1. My nephew is introducing his friends to his mother.

2. We are celebrating our Granny's birthday.

3. These children are eating their soup.

4. Peter's wife is playing the piano in that room.

5. I'm talking to an old friend of mine.

Exercise 5. Put special questions to:

a) the subject,

b) the predicate,

c) all objects, attributes and adverbial modifiers in each of the following sentences.

1. John visited me in the hospital yesterday.

2. A yellow bird fell on the roof of his " pontiac".

3. I was taken by surprise.

4. Despite the stormy weather he was able to swim to the shore.

5. He couldn't reach the hammer which lay on the shelf.

6. I have been cheated by the best friend.

7. A girl from Barbados wrote a letter to the BBC.

8. The clock stopped an hour ago.

9. You have to stop near the trafic lights.

Exercise 6. Put alternative and disjunctive ( tail -) questions to the following sentences or their parts.

1. I like my tea with cream.

2. He decided to go to the theatre.

3. John had to walk to the village.

4. Although the weather was fine they decided to stay at home.

5. Last summer our class visited Rome.

6. I'm used to drinking a glass of milk before going to bed.

7. We were invited to stay at the castle for a fortnight.

8. I'm fond of opera.

9. We are going to Moscow with my brother today.

10. If I don't pass the exams I'll try to do it again next time.

Exercise 7. Put questions to which the following sentences are answers.

E.g. Yes, he can understand English.

Can he understand English?

1. Yes, he can speak English.

2. No, there were no mistakes in his dictation.

3. Yes, the Volga is a wide river.

4. No, the museum is not on this side of the street.

5. No, he doesn't remember the meaning of that word.

6. He must leave early because his office is far.

7. He lives here.

8. Yes, the shop must open at 9.

9. No, the answer is wrong.

Exercise 8. Complete the following disjunctive ( tail -) questions.

E.g. He doesn't like tea with sugar, ....?

He doesn't like tea with sugar, does he?

1. She looks like you, ....?

2. It isn't cold today, ....?

3. You saw him at the club yesterday, ....?

4. They won't come today, ....?

5. You haven't bought your ticket yet, ....?

6. You play chess, ....?

7. You will travel by train, ....?

8. He can't speak French, ....?

9. She ought to go there at once, ....?

10. They are not in town, ....?

11. We shall see you tomorrow, ....?

12. You don't know her, ....?

Exercise 9. Change the following sentences into negative-interrogative ones.

E.g. The weather is fine today.

Isn't the day fine today?

1. The book was interesting.

2. He went to the Caucasus last summer.

3. He can play chess.

4. He has finished his work.

5. He knows her address.

6. We shall be able to spend a month there.

7. He would like to come with us.

8. I am working hard.

9. He will come in the evening.

10. She knows that man.

11. They were glad to see him.

12. They are at the office.

TEST 1

SHORT ANSWERS

Choose the only correct variant.

1. Will you be here next weekend?

A. No, I won't. B. No, I don't. C. No, I'm not.

2. Have you got any time for me?

A. Yes, it is. B. Yes, there is C. Yes, I do.

3. Did Julia phone you earlier?

A. Yes, she did. B. Yes, she had. C. Yes, she has.

4. Would you like a cup of hot coffee?

A. I'd love to. B. Yes, I am. C. Yes, I do.

5. Do you like hot tea?

A. Yes, I'd like. B. Yes, please. C. Yes, I do.

6. It wasn't a bad day, was it?

A. Yes, it wasn't. B. No, it wasn't. C. No, it was.

7. Are you married?

A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I am. C. Yes, I did.

8. Are there a lot of students in your group?

A. Yes, they are. B. Yes, they do. C. Yes, there are.

9. Terry doesn't eat meat, does he?

A. No, he doesn't. B. Yes, he doesn’t. C. No, he does.

10. Had Jenny called you before she came?

A. Yes, she did. B. Yes, she had. C. Yes, she called.

11. Can I give you a lift?

A. Yes, you can. B. Yes, please. C. Yes, of course

12. I went to bed late last night. And you?

A. So did I. B. So I did. C. And I did.

13. Would you wait half an hour, please?

A. Yes, please. B. Yes, I would C. All right.

14. Tom neither wrote nor phoned, did he

A. Yes, he didn't. B. No, he didn't C. Yes, he had.

TEST 2

SPECIAL QUESTIONS

Choose the correct variant.

1. After lunch you phoned someone.

A. Who rang you? B. Who did you ring?

2. The policeman is interviewing the robber.

A. Who is interviewing the robber?

B. Who is the robber interviewing?

3..... is it from here to St.Petersburg?

A. How far B. How long

4..... would you like to drink?

A. Which B. What

5..... of brothers Grimm was the eldest?

A. Who B. What C. Which

6. It's so cold today..... put on your warm coat?

A. Why you haven't B. Why haven't you

7. –.... birthday is it today?

– It's Janet's birthday today. She is 19.

A. Which B. Whom

C. What D. Whose

8. –.... does it cost to stay at the Hilton Hotel?

A. How many B. How much C. What

9. –.... is Pam's sister? - She's a secretary at our college.

A. What B. Who C. Where

10. You can have a photo..... one would you like?

A. What B. Which

11. – Tell me something about Fred's wife.....?

– Oh, she's about 25, she's pretty and friendly.

A. What's she? B. What does she like?

C. What is she like? D. Who is she?

12. –.... will it take to learn French?

– I think you'll be able to speak in another few months.

A. How much B. How long C. What

13. Bob and Alice got married in 1991.

A. How long have they been married?

B. How long is it since they got married?

C. When did they get married?

TEST 3

DISJUNCTIVE QUESTIONS

Choose the only correct variant to complete the questions.

1. He can play golf well,....?

A....., doesn't he?

B....., can he?

C....., can't he?

2. You are the new secretary, ....?

A....., aren't you?

B....., are you?

C...., don't you?

3. Mr.Evans is speaking over the phone, ....?

A....., is he?

B....., isn't he?

C....., doesn't he?

4. You like black coffee, ....?

A....., aren't you?

B....., don't you?

C....., do you?

5. I'm busy, ....?

A....., aren't I?

B....., don't I?

C....., am I not?

6. You aren't well enough. You should stay with either me or your son, ....?

A....., should you?

B....., shouldn't you?

C....., are you?

7. I'm not ill, ....?

A...., are I?

B....., am I?

C....., am I not?

8. It's a nice day, ....?

A....., does it?

B....., is it?

C....., isn't it?

9. There isn't a cloud in the sky, ....?

A....., isn't there?

C....., is there?

B....., does it?

10. We haven't got much time, ....?

A....., do we?

B....., don't we?

C....., haven't we?

11. Sam doesn’t work hard, ....?

A....., is he?

B....., does he?

C....., isn't he?

12. Oh, there are a lot of photos in the album, ....?

A....., aren't they?

B...., aren't there?

C....., are there?

13. There was nobody there, ....?

A....., was there?

B....., wasn't there?

C....., are there?

14. Your son didn't help you much, ....?

A....., did he?

B....., didn't he?

C....., had he?

15. They sent a letter the day before yesterday, ....?

A....., did they?

B....., hadn't they?

C....., didn't they?

16. My Dad hasn't read the newspaper yet, ....?

A....., hasn't he?

B....., has he?

C....., did he?

17. There will be a nice film on TV tonight, ....?

A....., won't there?

B....., will it?

C....., will there?

18. Neither your parents nor mine can lend us some money, ....?

A....., can they?

B....., can't they?

C....., do they?

19. He never uses his car except when it's necessary, ....?

A....., doesn't he?

B....., does he?

C....., isn't he?

20. There's little point in doing anything about it, ....?

A....., is it?

B....., isn't there?

C....., is there?

THERE IS/THERE ARE

Exercise 1. a) Fill in the blank s with the appropriate form of the verb 'to be' (either 'is' or 'are' ).

1. There.... a tea-pot on the table.

2. There.... some flowers in the vase.

3. There.... some English books on the shelf.

4. There.... somebody in the garden.

5. There.... a lot of milk in the jug.

6. There.... some mistakes in your test.

7. There.... some ink in your pen.

8. There.... some pictures on the wall of the room.

9. There.... some coffee in the pot.

10. There.... six continents in the world.

11. There.... a lot of flowers in the garden.

12. There.... something in the box.

13. There.... some new words in the text.

14. There.... a lot of snow in the forest.

b) Put special, general and disjunctive questions to the sentences.

Exercise 2. Translate into Russian using the construction 'there is/there are', indefinite pronouns 'any', 'some' and the negative pronoun 'no' and their derivatives.

1. В вашей семье есть дети?

2. На улице много народу.

3. В кувшине нет молока.

4. За вашим домом есть сад?

5. За вашим домом есть сад, не так ли?

6. В вашем городе есть парки?

7. У вас есть вопросы?

8. На столе около окна стоят часы.

9. Мои книги и тетради на полке.

10. В моём столе ничего нет.

11. В этом журнале есть что-нибудь интересное?

12. Что на столе? - Там стоит чашка и три стакана.

13. Есть кто-нибудь в соседней комнате?

14. На столе есть соль, но мало.

15. Времени нет.

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