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Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии |
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Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии |
Exercise 3. Read and translate the following tables.Стр 1 из 7Следующая ⇒
Eating for Good Health More and more people today are choosing to take greater responsibility for their own health. We can influence our health with the help of a better diet, more exercise and reduced stress. Your health and general wellbeing is very much determined by what you eat. Even a minor change in your diet can help to strengthen your resistance to many illnesses. The body has a built-in alarm signal — hunger — to tell you when your supply of food, the “fuel for the body”, is low. Sometimes this signal asks for specific supplies, for example, sweet things when your body sugar is low or water when you are thirsty. What many people fail to recognize is that their bodies have more than just one signal. Tiredness, aches and pains, stress, even chronic disease — all these can be indications of a diet that is lacking nutrition. But we can’t see the results of a bad diet immediately. Often the effects take years to develop. You are what you eat, and the food you eat effects the way you feel and the way you look all through your life. Scientists now know that food and its affects are as complex as our own bodies. There are a lot of chemicals, minerals and vitamins found in a single food. Some are potential life-savers or hazards to health. It depends on how much it is consumed over time. So, you should learn how to balance your food intake. Small but well-informed changes to your diet will make a great difference to your wellbeing.
Vocabulary:
Answer the questions:
1. How can we influence our health? 2. Do you agree that our health and general wellbeing are determined by what we eat? 3. What alarm signals do our bodies have to indicate that our diet is lacking nutrition? 4. Can we see the results of a bad diet immediately? 5. How does the food we eat affect our life? 6. Why should everyone learn how to balance our food intake? 7. And what about your eating habits? Do you always eat healthy food? Do you often overeat? How many times a day do you usually eat? Can you balance your food intake? VOCABULARY EXERCISES Exercise 1. Заполните пропуски словами из рамки (используйте каждое слово один раз): our, as, fruit, minerals, heart, is, food, chips, too, vitamins, for, of What (1) ___ good food? Is it food that is good (2) ___ you or food that tastes good? Nutritionists say we eat (3)____ with too much salt, too much sugar and (4)___ much oil. They also say that many of (5) ____ serious health problems, such as cancer, diabetes and (6) ____ diseases, are directly affected by diet. Most problem food contains large quantities (7) _____ salt, sugar and oil and very few (8) ____or minerals. That includes food such (9)____ potato (10)____, doughnuts and cookies. Instead of this “junk” food, nutritionists suggest that we eat more fresh (11)______ and vegetables, which are naturally low in sodium and oil and contain lots of vitamins and (12) _____.
Exercise 2. Разделите названия продуктов питания на две группы: Healthful и Not Healthful. Когда вы справитесь с заданием, напишите названия продуктов, которые вы обычно едите, отметьте их буквами H и NH.
Exercise 3. Read and translate the following tables. Table А. Содержание питательных веществ в основных продуктах и влияние их на организм человека:
Table В. Количество калорий в разных продуктах питания
Calories are used to measure the amount of energy in food. If you take in more calories than your body uses, the extra calories are stored in the form of fat. One pound of body fat is equal to about 3, 500 calories. As extra calories are stored over a period, weight is gained. This is important to remember if you are trying to control your weight. The above-mentioned table will help you do it. Table C. Витамины и их влияние на здоровье человека.
The vitamins are named by letters of the alphabet. 1. Vitamin A can be stored by the body. 2. Vitamin В cannot be stored. It must be supplied all the time by some of the food we eat. 3. Vitamin C is very important to the body. Without it men’s teeth become loose and their arms and legs weak. 4. There are other vitamins, but these, А, В, C and D, are the most important. Exercise 4. Read the dialogues, then compose your own. How to Lose Weight Jane: Where are you going? Lucy: I’m going to the Weight Losers club now. Jane: What are you doing there? Lucy: I’m trying to lose weight. Jane: But you are not fat! Lucy: I have already lost two kilos and I’m very pleased with myself. Jane: How did you do it? Lucy: I try to eat the right food. Jane: What does it mean? Lucy: I stopped eating cakes, pies and ice cream. Jane: What are you allowed to eat? Lucy: A lot of vegetables and fruit, a little boiled meat or fish, no fried potatoes, no chocolate and very little salt. Caffeine Is Harmful for the Heart Olga: My mother-in-law drinks such strong tea. Nina: Why shouldn’t she? Olga: Because she has heart problems. Caffeine is not recommended for people with heart problems. Nina: Does tea contain much caffeine? Olga: Yes, it does. A cup of strong tea contains more than 100 mg of caffeine. Nina: I think that it is healthier for everybody to drink juices.
In a Restaurant Alex: What will you have? Joan: I’m on a diet. Alex: Come on! I’ll pay. Joan: What did you say? Alex: Don’t be shy, I’ll pay. Joan: Thanks! Great. Then I’ll have dry wine, a steak, fried potatoes, grapes, ice cream and a cake. Alex: Okay. Waiter!
Exercise 5. Discuss the main sense of the text. How much sugar do we eat? Sugar is found in many different products such as soup, cereals, salad dressing, ketchup, peanut butter and baby food. You will not always see the word “sugar” when you read food labels. You might see the names sucrose, maltose (солодовый сахар), fructose or corn syrup instead. All of these add up to the same ingredient - sugar! Sugar gives you quick energy. However, this energy lasts only a short time. Soon you begin to feel tired and sluggish (вялый, медлительный). The next time you want sugar, take a piece of fruit instead. You’ll get the energy you need without any letdown (слабость, вялость) afterwards. Next material helps you discuss the main sense of the text · questions: What can replace the sugar? Why is it better to take fruit instead of sugar? What sugar replacement will you choose? · complete the sentences: The energy you get from sugar lasts … Another word for sugar is… A healthful substitute for sugar is… GRAMMAR EXERCISES Exercise 1. Переведите, проанализируйте употребление модальных глаголов. 1. Who is to answer my question? 2. Nobody could translate this text. 3. Must I attend this meeting? — No, you needn’t. 4. You should have shown your notes to the teacher. 5. I asked him, but he wouldn’t listen to me. 6. You should not have used that sort of meat for this dish. 7. Last summer we would often go to the country. 8. Your son could do this work himself. 9. Would you tell me the way to the station? 10. Your friend might have informed us. 11. May I leave for a while? — Yes, you may. 12. She should be more attentive to her parents. 13. You needn’t come so early. 14. We have to stay at home because the weather is too bad. 15. He was allowed to take this book. 16. Who is able to do this work? 17. The train is to come soon. Exercise 2. Завершите диалоги. Дайте утвердительный или отрицательный ответ. Образец: — Can you help те? — Yes, I can./No, / can’t. 1. May I take that chair? —... 2. Can I have a dinner here? —... 3. Can you bring me a drink? —... 4. May I have the menu card? —... 5. Shall I bring you the dessert right now? —...
Exercise 3. Переведите предложения. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу модальными глаголами must, should, would, ought to, needn’t, can, could, may. 1....you tell me the time? 2. They... not do this work themselves. They needed help. 3.... I go with you? No, you.... 4. Payment... be made by check. 5. This work... be done today. 6.... I have the menu card? 7. He... to help them. They need his help. 8. You don’t look well, you... consult the doctor. 9. Why... I give you my money? 10. You... work hard at your English. 11. She... get up early tomorrow. She doesn’t work on Sundays. 12.... I speak to the headwaiter? Certainly, you.... 13. You... serve the customers quickly. 14. She... not speak any foreign language. She speaks Russian only. 15. We... go to the restaurant so early because dinner begins at one o’clock.
Exercise 4. Замените модальные глаголы соответствующими эквивалентами. 1. We must meet at 7 o’clock as we planned before. 2. That waiter cannot speak English. 3. Mary can cook well. 4. You must come in time. 5. We must receive and serve our guests very well. 6. You must not smoke here. 7. Must they come early every day? 8. Must I serve the dinner for you now? 9. He couldn't explain anything. 10. Can you swim? 11. You may take these books. 12. The train must arrive at 10 according to the time-table. Exercise 5. Переведите предложения па английский язык, используя модальные глаголы или их заменители. · Вчера мне пришлось обслужить все эти столики. · Можно мне курить здесь? — Нет, нельзя. · Вам следует помочь вашему другу. Он не может делать работу сам. · Вам пришлось остаться дома, потому что была плохая погода? · Вам следовало бы заказать это блюдо. · Я рад, что мне не пришлось заканчивать эту работу вчера. · Я не люблю рано вставать, но иногда мне приходится. · Ты должен накрыть стол для шести гостей. · Вам не нужно ждать заказа. Вы можете взять любое блюдо, какое хотите. · Я не мог пойти домой, я должен был вымыть посуду.
Comprehensive Reading Text A. Vegetarianism Some people eat no meat. A meatless diet is growing more and more popular. Researchers discover the health benefits of meat-free eating. What is a vegetarian? By definition, vegetarianism prohibits the consumption of meat or fish, but some diets are more restrictive than other. Demi- or semi-vegetarians eat fish and sometimes chicken, but not red meat. Ovo-lacto-vegetarians include milk and eggs in their diet but not meat or fish. Lacto-vegetarians have milk and yogurt, as well as cheese made with vegetarian rennet, but no meat, fish or eggs. Vegans do not eat any animal products at all, banning meat, fish, milk and eggs from their diets. Fruitarians exclude pulses and cereals from the diet as well as allfoods of animal origin. Fruitarians eat only fruit, honey, nuts and nut oils Macrobiotic followers have a diet consisting of ten different levels which become progressively more restrictive. At first, animal foods are excluded, then fruit and vegetables as well. At the final “purist” level only brown rice is eaten. The Health Benefits. On the whole, vegetarians follow current healthy eating guidelines. Because they don’t eat meat, a prime source of saturated fat, vegetarians take in less total fat, as well as more fibre, in the form of fresh fruits, vegetables and wholegrain cereals. These foods are also good sources of beta carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E, which are antioxidant nutrients and may protect the body from disease. A research team at Oxford University has collected information on the health and mortality of more than 6, 000 vegetarians and a control group of more than 5, 000 meat-eating individuals. The study revealed significant differences between the two groups. For example, in contrast to meat-eaters, vegetarians have a 39 percent lower risk of dying from cancer. The study’s research team also found that the risk of heart disease was 24 per cent lower in vegetarians and 57 per cent lower in vegans than in regular meat-eaters.
Task One. Подберите русские эквиваленты к следующим английским словосочетаниям и выражениям: a meatless diet, health benefits, meat-free eating, by definition, consumption of meat or fish, ovo-lacto-vegetarians, lacto-vegetarians, exclude pulses and cereals, healthy eating guidelines, wholegrain cereals, good sources of beta carotene, antioxidant nutrients, the risk of heart disease, regular meat-eaters. Preparing for the Party A mother and her daughter are cooking dishes for the party. I need your help badly, Mary. There is so much to do for tonight’s party — to prepare a salad, to bake various pies and cakes, to roast a goose and to cook a lot of other things. Please take the mincing machine and mince this bit of meat. I will scrape and slice the carrots. Will you peel these potatoes and onions? I’ll make some potato chips and you set up the rest of the potatoes to boil. When they are soft, mash them with butter and hot milk. Now, wash and cut the potatoes and cucumbers, put them on the dish but don’t dress with the mayonnaise, we’ll do it later. I think that it’s time to get out the goose from the oven. Then we’ll bake a layer cake and a pie with jam filling. I’ll beat the eggs for the dough. Look, the rice is boiling over, turn the gas down a little. Now, be a good girl and whip the whites of these eggs. Here is some powdered sugar to mix with the whites when you are through... Now will you help me in laying the table? The guests will come in an hour. We’ll be twelve altogether, so lay twelve places. Take the dishes for refreshments from the sideboard and put them on the table. Now fetch the wine glasses — one for each cover. We don’t uncork the bottles, but get the corkscrew ready. Please open these tins. Here is the tin opener for you.
Answer the questions: 1. What is the mother with her daughter going to do with the potatoes? 2. How do they usually prepare mashed potatoes? 3. What salad is the daughter preparing? 4. What is the mother going to bake? 5. Who will beat the eggs for the dough (тесто)? 6. How many guests are coming? 7. What does the daughter need to open the tins? 8. Do you help your mother to cook dishes for the party? 9. What do you like to cook? 10. Who washes the dishes after the dinner?
Vocabulary Exercises Exercise 1. Подберите к словам из левой колонки их значения из правой: A
B
Exercise 2. Пронумеруйте в правильном порядке этапы приготовления жареного цыпленка: Heat the oil in a frying pan. Brown on one side. Turn chicken with a spatula. Cook the onions in oil until soft. Add chicken. Cut the chicken into pieces. Chop the onion. Brown on the other side.
Exercise 3. Read the text. Basic overall rules to choose your wine Entree: generally accompanied with dry white wine or rose. Main course: · red wine for red meat, light red wine for white meats; · dry white wine for fish or seafood; · on a general base, fresh and light red wine goes with everything; · rose is not considered as top wine but it is good and fresh for casual meals when it is hot. Cheese: red wine, preferably full-bodied with powerful cheese flavours. Dessert: sweet white wine.
formal – официальный; casual - обычный, каждодневный; option - возможность; fresh wine - свежее вино; rose - легкое розовое вино; full-bodied wine - полное вино Exercise 4. Заполните пропуски словами из рамки: salt shaker, fork, bowl, pepper shaker, knife, spoon, glass, napkin, plate, cup 1. Drink coffee from a …. 2. Drink water from a..... 3. Eat soup from a …. 4. Eat vegetables and meat from a …. 5. Put a... on your lap. 6. Cut meat with a …. 7. Eat soup with a …. 8. Eat vegetables with a …. 9. Shake salt from a ….
Grammar Exercises Exercise 1. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Simple или Present Continuous: 1. Mother (to cook) very tasty soups. 2. Nick (to make) breakfast every morning. 3. I can’t speak to you now as I (to do) my homework. 4. They (not to watch) TV at the moment, they (to read) newspapers. 5. I usually (to have) dinner after work. 6. My parents (to have) dinner now. 7. You (to cook) every day? 8. You (to cook) meal now? 9.I (not to drink) coffee now. I (to write) a composition. 10. Look! The baby (to sleep). He always (to sleep) after dinner. Exercise 2. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Past Simple или Past Continuous: 1. When my sister (to wash up) yesterday, she (to break) a cup. 2. Mother (to have) breakfast at 8 o’clock yesterday. 3. I (to have) dinner at the restaurant last Sunday. 4.When I (to prepare) breakfast in the morning, I (to cut) my finger. 5. He (to cook) meat soup last Monday. 6. When her grandparents (to come) to visit her last Monday, she (to cook) meat soup. 7. When I (to open) the door, my friends (to sit) at table and (to have) dinner. 8. When Nick entered the bar, the barman (to stand) behind the counter and (to make) cocktails. 9. When he (to phone) me, I (to have) tea with my friends. 10. I (to prepare) dishes for the evening party the whole yesterday’s afternoon. Exercise 3. Образуйте Participle I и Participle II от следующих глаголов: to cook — готовить, ... — готовящий, ... — приготовленный to boil — кипятить (кипеть), ... — кипящий, ... — прокипяченный to fry — жарить, ... — жарящий, ... — зажаренный to read — читать, ... — читающий, ... — прочитанный to order — заказывать, — заказывающий, ... — заказанный to add — добавлять, ... добавляющий, ... — добавленный to use — использовать, … — использующий, … - использованный to recommend — рекомендовать, … — рекомендующий, … - рекомендованный Exercise 4. Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя Participle I и Participle II:
Exercise 5. Прочитайте по ролям, заменяя подчеркнутые слова другими: Family Dinner Joan: I’m so hungry. Have you set the table yet? Mother-in-law: Yes, I have. Joan: Is dinner ready? Mother-in-law: Yes, it’s ready. Look at the table. Joan: The table looks perfectly and the smell is wonderful. Mother-in-law: Will you have some soup? Joan: Yes, thank you. Mother-in-law: We have roast beef for the main course. Joan: I like the way you make it. Mother-in-law: I know. Here are some boiled potatoes for you. Joan: Will you pass me the pepper, please? Mother-in-law: Here you are. Let me give you a little more roast beef. Joan: Yes, thank you. It is really very good. Mother-in-law: Will you have a cup of coffee? Joan: Yes, thank you. With great pleasure. Mother-in-law: Shall I put milk and sugar in it? Joan: No, thank you, I don’t like coffee with milk and sugar. Making Cabbage Rolls Jane: Most of all I like cooking salads. What about you? Olga: As for me, I prefer making meat dishes. Jane: What did you cook last? Olga: I made cabbage rolls last Sunday for my sister’s birthday party. It’s her favourite dish. Jane: Can it be called golubtsy? Olga: Yes. Both of these names are for the same dish. Jane: I like it too. Do you boil cabbage leaves? Olga: I place whole head in a large kettle with boiling water and boil it 2 — 3 minutes. Jane: And how do you prepare the filling? Olga: I saute meat with onion, add rice, eggs, salt and pepper, place three tablespoons of this mixture on each cabbage leaf and wrap it. Jane: And what kind of mixture do you pour over the cabbage rolls? Olga: I mix tomatoes, bouillon, sugar, salt and pepper. Jane: Do you cook them in oven? Olga: Yes, about one hour, turning occasionally. At Table Hostess: Won’t you have another helping of salad? Guest: Thank you, I’ve had a good helping of it. Hostess: You haven’t eaten any meat. Guest: No, thanks. I don’t eat meat. I’m vegetarian. Hostess: You are a poor eater. Can I help you to anything else? Guest: No, thank you, I’ve had quite enough. I mustn’t overeat, I don’t want to put on weight. Hostess: What will you have, tea or coffee? Guest: I’ll take a cup of tea, if you please. Hostess: Have some jam, please. We have strawberry jam and raspberry jam. Which do you prefer? Guest: Thank you. I like both. Hostess: Won’t you help yourself to some cake? Guest: Just a tiny piece. Hostess: Take some more pie. It won’t do you any harm, I’m sure. Guest: You are very kind. I really think I’ll take a little more. I’m very fond of pies. Hostess: May I offer you another cup of tea? Guest: Thank you, I think I’ll trouble you for a second cup. Hostess: No trouble at all. Is there anything else you’d like? Guest: Will you please pass the sugar? Thank you. Useful phrases
COMPREHENSIVE READING Corn (Maize) Corn or maize was domesticated and cultivated by the native people of the New World when Christopher Columbus first reached its shores. The cultivation of corn was of primary importance to the daily diet of the Indians, who used it in making a sort of bread, the tortilla. Columbus took the seeds back to Spain in 1493, but the cultivation of corn began in Europe only around 1520. It was regarded primarily as a garden plant, but in the 16th century it became a culinary fixture and was used to make white and sweet bread — polenta. It was cooked in a mass, then cut with a wire into large, thin slices and arranged on a platter with cheese or with butter. Corn was extensively consumed by poor people because they were primarily concerned with filling their empty bellies. In the United States, the cereal is almost always called corn, while in Britain it is called maize. Maize, variously spelled, is the cereal’s proper name in all European languages. The word is derived from the Spanish maize, taken in turn from the Indian maize. Polenta eventually replaced all of the other cereals and provided nourishment for many generations of poor working people in the countries of the Mediterranean Basin, the Balkans, Africa and Asia. Nowadays there are a lot of different kinds of polenta and other dishes made with corn in recipe books.
You should know this
1. service plate 2. soup bowl 3. napkin 4. bread and butter plate with butter knife 5. water glass 6. white wine glass 7. red wine glass 8. fish fork 9. dinner fork 10. salad fork 11. service knife 12. fish knife 13. soup spoon
1. brandy glass 2. red wine glass 3. white wine glass 4. all champagne glass (tulip flute) 5. low champagne glass (saucer) 6. martini glass My Profession Is a Cook If you study for example, at the Cooking Department, you will be a cooking and catering professional: a cook or a technologist. Every school year you will do practice work for 2—3 months. Let's study the practice at a restaurant. It will be a large restaurant and it will be open 24 hours a day. There are three departments within the main shop there — a cold shop, a hot shop and a pastry-cook’s shop. Salads, snacks, sandwiches, cuts of cold meat and fish and desserts are made in the cold shop. Soups, hot meat and fish dishes and sauces are prepared in the hot shop. In the pastry-cook’s shop they make tarts, patties, fancy cakes, etc. The kitchen staff begin their work at 7 o’clock. Student cooks will have to come to the restaurant at 10 o’clock. Each of them will be told to go to one of the shops. There they will be given some tasks for the working day. Usually student cooks prepare sandwiches, fruit salads and canapes for breakfast. They cut bread, ham, sausage and vegetables to put on canapes. Student cooks also decorate, them with herbs and little figures made of carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, etc. Breakfast is usually served from 8 till 12. At 11 o’clock students begin to help the cooks by preparing dishes for lunch. Student cooks are usually trusted to cut vegetables and make sauces for desserts: strudels, ice cream, tarts and puddings. All day student cooks have to carry out cooks’ instructions. The kitchen staff are very experienced there. The chef should be a very skilled cook. The main part of his job is to plan the menu for the day and manage the staff in the kitchen. At the end of the practice time student cooks usually have to take an examination. They must prepare three courses: soup, a main course and dessert. The practice gives a lot of useful information, it provides student cooks with an experience. You can realize that you have made the right choice.
Vocabulary: to do practice – проходить практику cold shop – холодный цех hot shop – горячий цех pastry-cook’s shop – кондитерский цех to trust – доверять, поручать to carry one's instructions – выполнять чьи-либо инструкции experienced - опытный (с опытом работы в определенном месте) skilled – умелый, опытный (знающий много о способах готовки) to manage - руководить to realize - понимать Answer the questions: 1.What is the main sense of the text? 2. What is about the practice described in the text? 3. Where could you practice in the restaurant? 4. What is the difference between cold and hot shop? 5. When do student cook begin their work? 6. How many hours a day do they have to work? 7. When does the kitchen staff begin their work? 8. What kind of work may student cooks do? 9. Should the chef be a skilled cook? Why? 10. Is he a good manager? For what reason? 11. Will you have to take an examination at the end of your practice? 12. What should student cooks prepare during their examination? 13. Where would you like to work after graduating from the university? 14. Do you like your future profession? Why? 15. How do you think to develop your career?
Vocabulary Exercises Exercise 1. Заполните пропуски, подходящими по смыслу словами. Chefs are ____ (опытный, умелый) workers who also need natural aptitude (природные способности). Many of the best cooks in the world come from the Europe, particularly from France and Switzerland, where people who wish to become cooks often begin work as apprentices at an early age. They are trained by an _______ chef in all aspects of kitchen work, cooking and restaurant management. No one can become a _____ without practical experience. Some people work in the one restaurant from the unskilled job until the position of a chef. Others are trained in special restaurant schools. The students in such schools have usually demonstrated an aptitude for ______ even before they are admitted.
At the Personnel Department Candidate: How do you do? Manager: How do you do? What can I do for you? Candidate: I’m looking for a job. Manager: May I ask you a few questions? Candidate: Sure. Manager: What’s your name? Candidate: My name is.... Manager: How old are you? Candidate: I’m 18. I was born in 1998. Manager: What are you? Candidate: I’m a cook. Manager: Are you married? Candidate: I’m single. Manager: What city are you from? Candidate: I’m from Moscow. Manager: What languages do you speak? Candidate: I can speak Russian and English a little. Manager: What are your previous jobs? Candidate: I worked at the Silver Palace restaurant as a cook. Manager: Why did you quit? And why do you want to join our Vegetarian restaurant? Candidate: I left my job because I’d like to raise money. Manager: How much would you like to get? Candidate: I’d like to get not less than 100 dollars a week. Manager: How much does it take you to get to us? Candidate: Forty minutes only. Manager: All right and now fill in resume in block capitals, please, here it is. Candidate: Thank you. Manager: We’ll let you know by phone whether you are employed or passed by. Candidate: OK. Goodbye. Manager: Goodbye.
· Sample of the resume
Exercise 5. When you apply for a job, which of the following things should you do? Tick (˅ ) the things that should do. Put a cross (x) by those that you should not do. When you apply: 1. write a long letter 2. use good quality writing paper 3. send a glamorous photo of yourself, if a photo requested 4. send a small passport-type photo if a photo is requested 5. write very clearly Before the interview: 6. find out what you can about the establishment (учреждение) and its activities 7. prepare a few questions to ask the interviewer 8. dress very glamorously 9. dress smartly but quietly 10. get letters of reference from relatives At the interview: · make a lot critical remarks about your present employer or your colleges · ask questions about your responsibilities and duties · find out about salary, tips and fringe benefits (дополнительные льготы)
Grammar Exercises Interview If you look for a job, you will be asked some common questions by your future boss. Here are some hints for you. The most asked question on the interview is “Tell me about yourself”. Don't tell your life story, the interviewer is interested in your education first of all. “Why do you want this job? ” If I were you, I would tell about the organization (shop, cafe, or restaurant), its customers, its products … as much as possible. “What are your expectations (about salary)? ” This question is always a tricky one and a dangerous game to play in an interview. It is a common mistake to discuss salary before you are hired. If you know about the salary from the ad (advertisement), you will have an opportunity to tell a little bit higher. “Do you have any questions for us? ” It is the best time to ask about your future work hours and holidays or vacation, the possibility to get extra payment, the tips, your responsibilities and rights. There are some more things about which you can be asked. They are your hobby, your strong and weak points, your attitude to working under pressure, two-three most important for you things in a job. Try to be ready for all these questions? Do your home task.
Vocabulary: to look for - искать hint – намек, подсказка ad (advertisement) – объявление (The company may advertise the job on the Internet, newspaper, job hotline, or other methods) to hire - нанимать a little bit higher – немного больше (о сумме) work hours - продолжительность рабочего дня extra payment – денежных поощрений tips - чаевые attitude to – отношение к strong/weak points – сильные/слабые стороны (о характере) long hours – ненормированный рабочий день part-time job – частичная занятость full-time job – полная занятость
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS: · What can you tell about yourself? · How do you think your friends/classmates describe you? · What job do you prefer? · Why do you want to work at a cafe/restaurant or in a shop? · What do you do in your leisure time? · What is your strong/weak point? · Why did you select your university? Interview. Part Two VOCABULARY EXERCISES Exercise 1. Give the Russian or English equivalents: · fish assorted or fish assorts, to serve, squids, seafood salad, green vegetable salad, chicken noodle soup, to compose the menu, croû tons, veal chop, dressing, pot stewed meat, mineral water, seafood platter (dish), chips, to roast, muffin, low fat milk, whipped cream, sidelines. · пирожные, жидкий суп, холодные блюда и закуски, напечатанная копия меню, порядок, список блюд, кекс, позволять или разрешать, телятина жаренная с картофелем, основные блюда, горячие закуски, безалкогольные напитки, рыба в томатном соусе, блинчики с мясом, печенье.
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS What is the dish? or Can you tell me about this? How much (ingredient) is in it? or Does it contain any (ingredient)? What's it served with? or Is it served on its own?
Exercise 5. Look through the text and answer the following questions:
Do you have a favorite restaurant to eat at? Who do you like to go with? Do you eat special foods for specific holidays/celebrations? Have you ever eaten too much of one thing? It's important to have a balanced diet, moderation in all things, isn't it?
Eating for Good Health More and more people today are choosing to take greater responsibility for their own health. We can influence our health with the help of a better diet, more exercise and reduced stress. Your health and general wellbeing is very much determined by what you eat. Even a minor change in your diet can help to strengthen your resistance to many illnesses. The body has a built-in alarm signal — hunger — to tell you when your supply of food, the “fuel for the body”, is low. Sometimes this signal asks for specific supplies, for example, sweet things when your body sugar is low or water when you are thirsty. What many people fail to recognize is that their bodies have more than just one signal. Tiredness, aches and pains, stress, even chronic disease — all these can be indications of a diet that is lacking nutrition. But we can’t see the results of a bad diet immediately. Often the effects take years to develop. You are what you eat, and the food you eat effects the way you feel and the way you look all through your life. Scientists now know that food and its affects are as complex as our own bodies. There are a lot of chemicals, minerals and vitamins found in a single food. Some are potential life-savers or hazards to health. It depends on how much it is consumed over time. So, you should learn how to balance your food intake. Small but well-informed changes to your diet will make a great difference to your wellbeing.
Vocabulary:
Answer the questions:
1. How can we influence our health? 2. Do you agree that our health and general wellbeing are determined by what we eat? 3. What alarm signals do our bodies have to indicate that our diet is lacking nutrition? 4. Can we see the results of a bad diet immediately? 5. How does the food we eat affect our life? 6. Why should everyone learn how to balance our food intake? 7. And what about your eating habits? Do you always eat healthy food? Do you often overeat? How many times a day do you usually eat? Can you balance your food intake? VOCABULARY EXERCISES Exercise 1. Заполните пропуски словами из рамки (используйте каждое слово один раз): our, as, fruit, minerals, heart, is, food, chips, too, vitamins, for, of What (1) ___ good food? Is it food that is good (2) ___ you or food that tastes good? Nutritionists say we eat (3)____ with too much salt, too much sugar and (4)___ much oil. They also say that many of (5) ____ serious health problems, such as cancer, diabetes and (6) ____ diseases, are directly affected by diet. Most problem food contains large quantities (7) _____ salt, sugar and oil and very few (8) ____or minerals. That includes food such (9)____ potato (10)____, doughnuts and cookies. Instead of this “junk” food, nutritionists suggest that we eat more fresh (11)______ and vegetables, which are naturally low in sodium and oil and contain lots of vitamins and (12) _____.
Exercise 2. Разделите названия продуктов питания на две группы: Healthful и Not Healthful. Когда вы справитесь с заданием, напишите названия продуктов, которые вы обычно едите, отметьте их буквами H и NH.
Exercise 3. Read and translate the following tables. Table А. Содержание питательных веществ в основных продуктах и влияние их на организм человека:
Table В. Количество калорий в разных продуктах питания
Calories are used to measure the amount of energy in food. If you take in more calories than your body uses, the extra calories are stored in the form of fat. One pound of body fat is equal to about 3, 500 calories. As extra calories are stored over a period, weight is gained. This is important to remember if you are trying to control your weight. The above-mentioned table will help you do it. Table C. Витамины и их влияние на здоровье человека.
The vitamins are named by letters of the alphabet. 1. Vitamin A can be stored by the body. 2. Vitamin В cannot be stored. It must be supplied all the time by some of the food we eat. 3. Vitamin C is very important to the body. Without it men’s teeth become loose and their arms and legs weak. 4. There are other vitamins, but these, А, В, C and D, are the most important. |
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