HJ Questions in Passive Voice

5. Rewrite these questions using the correct Tense of the Passive Voice.

1. When did they introduce you to Mr Smith?

2. Why didn't they mend the roof in good time?

3. Who has written a special edition for young children?

4. What do you make these flowers of?

5. Why won't they allow children under sixteen to see that film?

6. Who wrote the lyrics?

7. Why didn't they lock the car?

8. Does the theatre interest you?

9. Have they sent for the doctor yet?

10. Had they already signed the contract when you arrived?

Modals in Passive Voice

6. Rewrite these questions using the correct Tense of the Passive Voice.

1. We must fulfil all our obligations under the contract.

2. You should learn the dialogues by heart.

3.1 have to send this message off immediately.

4. We can make all the necessary arrangements very easily.

5. They had to interrupt their discussion.

6. They may cancel all the flights because of the terrible storm.

7. They might have cancelled the flights because of the weather.

8. We'll arrange everything in good time.

9. They can't settle the matter yet.

 

10. They must have settled the matter yesterday.

11. They can't have settled the matter so soon.

12. They couldn't have changed the plans without letting us know.

Some verbs (give, ask, offer, pay, show, teach, tell, etc.) can have

two objects, so two passive sentences can be made:

Active: The guests gave the boy a lot of nice presents for his birthday.

Passive: The boy was given a lot of nice presents for his birthday.

A lot of nice presents were given to the boy for his birthday.

However, most often the passive sentences begin with the person:

The boy was given a lot of nice presents for his birthday.

197

Unit eight

Rewrite these sentences using Passive Voice.

1. They asked me some very difficult questions at the interview.

2. Have they shown you all their new models?

3. Nobody told me what had happened.

4. They haven't invited Jane to the party.
5.1 don't think they'll offer her the job.

6.1 think they should have offered the job to Tom.

7. They are going to pay the workers $1000 for their job.

8. They should have given the role to a younger actress.

Translate the following into English using Passive.

1. «Пигмалион» был написан Бернардом Шоу в 1913 году.

2. Название было выбрано удачно.

3. Пьеса была основана на известном мифе о кипрском короле Пиг­
малионе, который создал прекрасную статую женщины и влюбил­
ся в нее, когда работа была завершена.

4. Пьеса была сразу же высоко оценена театральными режиссерами
и долго успешно шла на сценах Англии и за ее пределами.

5. Лернер был потрясен игрой Рекса Харрисона в роли профессора
Хиггинса, и эта роль была предложена Харрисону в мюзикле.

6. Но кто был приглашен на роль Элизы Дулиттл?

7. Должно быть, эта роль была предложена Джулии Эндрюс.

8. Не может быть, чтобы эта роль была отдана другой актрисе.

Phrasal verbs with 'keep'

keep... back (from) - keep secret (скрывать (от кого-то))

keep on - continue doing (продолжать)

keep up - maintain, not allow to end or fall (поддерживать (в хорошем

состоянии))

keep up (with) - go at the same speed (не отставать)

Rewrite these sentences using phrasal verbs with 'keep' instead of the words in italics.

1. I got the feeling he was trying to keep something secret from me.

2. The little boy complained that he couldn't walk as fast as his father.

3. A lot is being done to maintain the old traditions.

4. The little girl continued reciting the poem monotonously without paying
any attention to her listeners.

T98

Parti

0. Translate the following into English using the phrasal verbs with 'keep'.

1. Я не хочу, чтобы кто-нибудь узнал об этом происшествии. Пожа­
луйста, никому не говори об этом.

2. Шоу попытался воспроизвести манеру речи кокни, но смог про­
держаться всего несколько страниц.

3. Мода меняется так быстро, и я даже не стараюсь поспевать за ней.

4. «Не сдавайся, продолжай тренироваться, и ты добьешься успе­
ха! » - часто говорил ему тренер.

Complete the text by choosing the words from the box.

valuable, wherever, antiques, generations, predominant, enough, mon-archs, originally, extremely, refer, handful, variety, exist, hardly

Who are the Cockneys? *

A Cockney is a Londoner born within the sound of Bow Bells that ring out from a church, called St. Mary-le-Bow, in the East End of London. The East End, which lies to the north and east of the City of London, has always been the home of the native London working class.

Quite apart from their accent Cockney people have, over many..., evolved a colourful, slangy mode of speech that is uniquely their own. How it all began and how far it goes back is... difficult to say. But books on English slang... to it and Bernard Shaw must have known it very well.

The slang derives from several sources. The most... is rhyming slang: a word is replaced with a phrase of two or three words that rhymes with it. For example: ear - bottle of beer; dress - more or less; dog - London fog; mate (friend) - china plate; good - Robin Hood, etc. So... rhyming slang might well have been a kind of code used by criminal groups to pass on secret information to each other.

Most native English speakers only know a... of Cockney phrases and use them to add a bit of fun and... to their speech.

You can hear a lot of Cockney spoken at London street markets, such as Portobello [, po: t9u'bebu] where they sell... and less... things for collectors, and Petticoat Lane, situated in the City of London. If you go there on a Sunday morn­ing, you may be lucky... to see a Pearly King and a Pearly Queen. They are the Cockney....On important days they wear special costumes, which have thou­sands of pearl buttons on them.

The Covent Garden fruit and vegetable market, that used to be next to the world-famous Covent Garden Opera House, and where Eliza Doolittle sold

* Who are the Cockneys? // Mozaika, 1974.

Unit eight

her flowers, doesn't... any longer, so you can... hope to hear any Cockney spoken in that place. But... you go in Cockneyland you will be given a friendly welcome.

12. Here are a few anecdotes about Bernard Shaw*. Read them and look up the words you don't know in your dictionary. Then retell them using both direct and indirect speech.

A young Irish actress asked Shaw why he'd come to England instead of seeking his inspiration in Ireland, the land of his birth. " I could not stay there, dreaming my life away on the Irish hills, " he explained. " England had conquered Ireland, so there was nothing for the Irish to do but come over and conquer England. Which, you will notice, I have done rather thoroughly."

" Oh, Mr Shaw, what made you ask me to dance? " a lady, who was neither young nor pretty, said to Shaw.

" This is a charity ball, isn't it? " Shaw replied.

The stout novelist G.K. Chesterton thought he had scored when he told the skinny vegetarian, " Looking at you, Shaw, one would think there was a famine in England."

" Looking at you, " Shaw replied, " one would think you caused it." To go on with the verbal duel, Shaw said to Chestertone, " If I were as fat as you I'd hang myself." Replied the corpulent Chestertone in his shrill little voice, " And if I had it in mind to hang myself, I'd use you as the rope."

One perhaps well-known story has it that Eleanora Duse wrote to Shaw tell­ing him that every genetic principle cried that they should have a baby. " Think what a child it would be, " she added, " with my body and your brain! "

Wrote Shaw in reply: " Think how unfortunate it would be if the child were to have my body and your brain."

* Hendrichson R. Book of Literary Anecdotes. Wordworth Reference, 1997.

Part 2

Shaw came across a book of his in a second-hand bookshop. The volume had been inscribed to a friend, beneath whose name Shaw had written: " With the compliments of George Bernard Shaw." Shaw bought the book and sent it back to his friend, writing under the original inscriptions: " With renewed compli­ments, G.B.S."

PART 2

Read the text and make sure that you understand it. The list of new words on p. 202 will help you.

PYGMALION'S FAIR LADY

(the beginning is on p. 188)

The rest of the story is very natural - the musical became a film with practi­cally the same cast except... except Julie Andrews, as everybody had expected when Warner Brothers, the well-known Hollywood company announced that they were going to make 'a movie' (the American word for 'film') on the basis of the musical.

The actress who was invited to play Eliza Doolittle was Audrey Hepburn, who by that time had already made a name for herself after starring in several films, among them Roman Holiday (1953, an Oscar for Best Actress), War and Peace and others. She also acted on Broadway and got a Tony award given to the best plays and theatre actors.

The world was in love with Audrey Hepburn, her clothes (both for everyday life and for her roles) were made by a top Paris couturier Hubert de Givanchy, she was rich and glamourous. Many people, however, were still all for Julie An­drews whom they had seen on the stage.

While the film was being made the whole team was interviewed several times by journalists. This is what an American interviewer wrote (note the Ameri­can spelling! ):

" The movie keeps the 1912 London flavor of the original show, with Rex Harrison repeating his stage role as Professor Higgins and Audrey Hepburn playing the Covent Garden guttersnipe. Rex Harrison has grown accustomed to the face of Henry Higgins, having played the irascible professor 1, 006 times in the original New York and London productions. For his 1, 007^th performance, he spent " a grueling six months" on the movie. Rather than use recordings of his song numbers, he did them " live", with a microphone hidden beneath his necktie, to keep them spontaneous.

Unit eight

My Fair Lady may be the most profitable role ever for Audrey Hepburn. Pro­ducer Jack L. Warner paid a million dollars for her work. As the " deliciously low, horribly dirty" flower girl, she plays one of Shaw's favorite characters. " He wrote Pygmalion for the woman, " says director George Cukor. " Audrey has never had a part with this range before - from violence and bawdiness to humor and romance - and she loved it." Audrey Hepburn sings in the film, too, but a pro­fessional singer's voice will be dubbed in certain songs. " I took singing lessons from a New York vocal coach and pre-recorded all of Eliza's songs, " she ex­plains, " but the final result will be a blend."

The film was released in 1964 and has been extremely popular ever since. It won eight Oscars, but Audrey wasn't given one. Hollywood must have felt sorry for Julie Andrews and gave her the Oscar for her part in Mary Pop pins.

There are rumours that someone is thinking of a remake, which means that the story is thought to be of interest to new generations. It isn't clear, though, whether it is going to be a stage version or a film. Time will tell.

Names

Warner Brothers (Warner Bros.) [\уэ: пэ Audrey Hepburn ['o: dn ЪеЬз: п] Hubert de Givanchy ['hju: bat da 3i: 'va: r)Ji] Covent Garden ['kDvsnt ga: dn] George Cukor [d3o: d3 'kju: ka]

New Words

cast n зд. состав исполнителей (в данном спектакле) casting распределение ролей

flavour (Br.), flavor (Am.) [Tleiva] л аромат, зд. атмосфера, изысканность

guttersnipe ['gAtssnaip] n беспризорный, уличный ребенок, дитя улицы

irascible [i'rsesibl] ad/вспыльчивый, несдержанный

gruelling (Br), grueling (Am.) ['gruslir)] adj изнурительный

beneath [bi'ni: 9] prep под, ниже, adv внизу, ниже

spontaneous [spDn'temias] ad/спонтанный, одновременный, неподготов­ленный

violence [Vaiabns] n жестокость, насилие, зд. необузданность

bawdiness [todmis] n грубость, неотесанность

dub V3fl. озвучивать, дублировать

blend n смесь, зд. дубляж, совмещение

remake [, ri: 'meik] л переделка, зд. римейк, новая постановка

Part 2

Questions for discussion.

1. Why do you think the American journalist wrote: " Rex Harrison has
grown accustomed to the face of Henry Higgins"?

2. Have you seen the film My Fair Lady? If you have, what can you say
about it? If you haven't, would you like to see it? Why? Why not?

3. How do you understand Eliza's description as the " deliciously low,
horribly dirty" flower girl? Why do you think these words are in quotation
marks?

4. Have you seen any other films with Audrey Hepburn?

5. Have you been to any Russian productions of musicals? What do you
think of them?

EXERCISES

Find English equivalents in the text for the following (you may think of better Russian translations).

1. Однако многие были на стороне Джулии Эндрюс, которую они ви­
дели на сцене.

2....сыграв вспыльчивого профессора 1006 раз...

3. Вместо того чтобы использовать записи своих песен, он исполня­
ет их с микрофоном, спрятанным под галстуком, чтобы они звуча­
ли спонтанно.

4....никогда не играла роли с таким разнообразием состояний - от
необузданности и ругани до юмора и влюбленности.

5....но определенные песни будут дублированы профессиональной
певицей.

6. Должно быть, Голливуд сочувствовал Джулии Эндрюс...

7....это означает, что история, по-видимому, может быть интересна
новым поколениям.

VOCABULARY

Read and translate these sentences into Russian so as to have a better idea of how these words can be used.

cast v, n, casting n

1. 'To cast (cast, cast)' means to direct or turn,
e.g. She cast a glance in his direction.

2. So far, the police investigation has not cast any light on the crime.

Unit eight

3. Would you just cast an eye over (= run through / over) this letter before
I put it in the post?

4. 'To cast' also means to choose actors for a play or film,
e.g. Who is casting the play?

5. 'To cast' also means to make a vote in an election.

e.g. The TV news showed the vice-president casting his vote.

6. 'A cast' means a group of actors in a film or a play, while a group of
actors working in one theatre represent a company (e.g. a theatre /
dance company, The Royal Shakespeare Company).

7. The film has a strong cast that includes several famous names.

8. She was surprised to know that she had been invited to the casting
(= audition).

flavour n, flavouring n

1.1 love the dish! It has such a delicate flavour.

2. This bread hasn't much flavour.

3. They claim that their products are free from artificial colourings and
flavourings.

beneath prep, adv

Compare

Below, under, beneath

Below suggests only that one thing is in a lower position than the other.

There is a lake below the village.

It's cold to day. The temperature is 20 degrees below zero.

Under is the most common word when one thing is directly below the other thing or covered by it. The box is under the table.

Beneath can also be used in this way; but may suggest that the two ob­jects are not close to each other. We looked down from the plane at the fields spread out beneath.

1. He enjoyed feeling the warm sand beneath (under) his feet.

2. She would not speak to people she considered beneath her.

3. " Your report is beneath criticism! " the professor said to his student.

spontaneous ad], spontaneously adv

1. Nothing he says is spontaneous - he always thinks twice before he
speaks.

2. He made a spontaneous offer of help.

Part 2

3. The crowd gave a spontaneous cheer when the result was announced.

4. Don't act spontaneously, think twice before making a decision!

violence n, violent adj

1. There is too much sex and violence shown on television nowadays.

2. The police claim that there have been acts of violence against the new
immigrants.

3. She spoke with a violence that surprised everybody who was listening
to her.

4. He met a violent death at the hands of the criminal.

5. His father was a violent and dangerous man.

6. She said she couldn't put up with his behaviour and they had a violent
quarrel.

7. He said she had a violent temper.

8. I don't like violent films. Do you?

dub(dubbed) v

1. To dub' means to change the original spoken language of a film into
another language.

e.g. It's a Russian film dubbed into English.

2. 'To dub' means to give something or someone a humorous name that
describes their character.

e.g. Mrs Thatcher was dubbed 'the Iron Lady'.

blend v, n

1. This soup tastes better if the vegetables have been blended.

2. These houses seem to blend well with the trees and the surrounding
land.

3. Our coffee is a 100 % arabica blend with a long and rich aftertaste.

4. I have to admit that we've got a wonderful team with a nice blend of
experience and youthful enthusiasm.

GRAMMAR

3. Make one conditional sentence by combining these two simple sentences.

Given: Both the director and the actors were carried away by the film they were

making. The result was a smashing success. Required: If the director and the actors weren't (hadn't been) carried away by

the film they were making, it wouldn't be (have been) a smashing success.

I.Alan Lerner was impressed by B. Shaw's Pygmalion. He decided to make a musical on the basis of the play.

Unit eight

2. It wasn't an easy job to do. It took Lerner and Loewe a long time to
make the musical.

3. Lerner was impressed by Rex Harrison as Professor Higgins in the play.
He realized that he had found the proper Henry Higgins for his future
musical.

4. George Cukor was sure Audrey Hepburn would be a better Eliza than
Julie Andrews. He gave the part to her.

Complete these sentences as in the model.

A. Given: If I were you...

Required: If I were you, I would accept the challenge.

If I were you, I would have accepted the challenge.

1. If I were rich...

2. If I were younger...

3. If we had more time...

4. If I knew that you needed my advice...

5. If he wanted to be an actor...

B. Given:. ..he would make better progress.

Required: If he weren't so lazy, he would make better progress.

If he weren't so lazy, he would have made better progress.

1....I would have called you.

2....we would buy a better car.

3....she would have become a film star.

4....he wouldn't be so domineering.

5....we would have invited him to join us.

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