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Justice; judicial practice; access; in accordance with; restricted; impetus; normative acts; deprived of
1. What would students do if they were _______ their books? 2. Students must have ________ to good books. 3. The treaty will give an _______ to trade between the two countries. 4. To do him _______, we must admit that his intentions were good. 5. Is the consumption of alcohol _______ by law in your country? 6. _______ has a very restricted usage in the Ukrainian legislation. 7. All ________ are registered at the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. 8. Normative legal acts of the Verkhovna Rada and the Cabinet of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of the Crimea are adopted ________ the Constitution of Ukraine, the laws of Ukraine, acts of the President and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. B. mandatory; consent; affairs; appealed; binding; order; valid; conform; 1. Your behaviour should _____ to the rules of society. 2. The court decision is ____ on all the parties. 3. The laws of the former Soviet Union are ____ until the adoption of new legislation. 4. Nowadays, no ideology is ____. 5. She _____ the judge’s decision until the case was heard in the U.S. Supreme Court. 6. When he asked me how much I earned, I told him to mind his own ____ 7. He gave the _____ for the work to be started at once. 8. He was chosen leader by general ____. 4. Match the definitions in the right column to the words given in the left.
5. Find in the text a word or a phrase that means: 1. standard or type as representative of a group when judging other examples; 2. question that arises for discussion; 3. formal agreement made and signed between nations; 4. shared, exchanged equally, held in common with others; 5.(formal) in the carrying out of or the performance of (one’s duties, a plan); 6. (a) command given with authority; (b) rules usual at a public meetings; 7. in agreement or conformity with 8. legal official who prosecutes criminal cases on behalf of the State or public. 6. Look through the text again and decide whether the following sentences are true or false. Correct those, which are false. A. 1. The Ukrainian legal system is similar to the Anglo-Saxon one. 2. The Soviet power greatly influenced the establishment of Ukrainian law. 3. They applied laws of Bolshevik Russia in the circumstances of Ukraine. 4. The only legal source of Soviet Ukraine was legislation made by the Supreme Council of the USSR. 5. The judicial precedent is the main source in judicial practice in Ukraine. 6. The main principle of the Soviet legislation was to ensure individual rights and freedoms. 7. The main purpose of the new legislation of independent Ukraine was to create the basis for the development of market economy. 8. Nowadays Ukraine is trying to adapt its legislation to the demands of the European Union. B. 1. The Ukrainian legislative system is based on the judicial decisions. 2. The highest legal source of the Ukrainian legislation is the Constitution of Ukraine. 3. Under the Constitution of Ukraine the citizens are entitled to appeal to the court when defending their constitutional rights. 4. Ideological diversity is unacceptable in our society. 5. The legislation of the former Soviet Union is still valid on the territory of Ukraine. 6. The Verkhovna Rada is the sole body in Ukraine that has the right to adopt laws. 7. The right of legislative initiative only belongs to the National Deputies. 8. International acts are not binding on the territory of Ukraine. 9. The sources of Ukrainian law also include legal textbooks, commentaries, and encyclopaedias. 7. Speaking Look through the text again and say: 1. what the main sources of Ukrainian law during the years of the Soviet power were; 2. what the purposes of the current legislation are; 3. what the Ukrainian legislation is based on; 4. what the principle of the rule of law means; 5. what normative legal acts include; 6. what lawmaking activities are within the competence of the Verkhovna Rada; 7. what other bodies are entitled to issue laws; 8. what international acts and treaties are binding on the territory of Ukraine. 9. what organs supervise the observance and application of legal norms. 8. Translate into English. 1. В Україні визнається і діє принцип верховенства права. 2. Єдиним органом законодавчої влади в Україні є парламент - Верховна Рада України. 3. Конституція України має найвищу юридичну силу. 4. Закони та інші нормативно-правові акти приймаються на основі Конституції України і повинні відповідати їй. 5. Норми Конституції України є нормами прямої дії. Звернення до суду для захисту конституційних прав і свобод людини і громадянина безпосередньо гарантується на підставі Конституції України. 6. Кабінет Міністрів України – вищий орган виконавчої влади, відповідальний перед Президентом України та підконтрольний Верховній Раді України. 7. Чинні міжнародні договори, згода на обов'язковість яких надана Верховною Радою України, є частиною національного законодавства України. 8. Укладення міжнародних договорів, які суперечать Конституції України, можливе лише після внесення відповідних змін до Конституції України. 9. Статути – це нормативні акти, на основі яких здійснюється лінія управлення діяльності органів управління, наприклад, Статут органів Міністерства внутрішніх справ. 10. Накази – це акти адміністративної діяльності, які звернені на підлеглих та співробітників, і мають на меті організацію роботи підприємства. Є також накази, що тлумачать законодавчі постанови уряду для забезпечення розуміння службовцями (employees) змісту цих правових документів.9. Writing Write a mini-composition for or against the following statement ‘Laws are not for ordinary people, they are for lawyers’.
Reading 5: Types of Laws Pre-reading task. Read words. Mind the stress. A): ΄ordinance o΄ccur ,unam΄biguous ΄milestone pre΄scribe ,regu΄lation ΄stipulate di΄rective ,expec΄tation ΄specify de΄termine pre΄vent ΄legislature e΄ffect re΄fer ΄welfare pro΄motion re΄port ΄injury ac΄tivity in΄tention B) Complete the word building table.
C)
D. Before you read look through the following words and phrases to make sure that you know them. Learn those that you don’t know.
1. Which body of law, civil law or common law, is the basis of the legal system of your jurisdiction?
The word law refers generally to legal documents which set forth rules governing a particular kind of activity. 2 Read the following short texts, which each contain a word used to talk about types of laws. In which kind of document do you think each appeared? Match each text (1-5) with its source (a-e). 1. The new EU Working Hours Directive [ ] is reported to be causing controversy amongst the medical profession. 2. When a statute is plain and unambiguous, the court must give effect to the intention of the legislature as expressed, rather than determine what the law should or should not be. 3. The purpose of this Ordinance is to regulate traffic upon the Streets and Public Places in the Town of Hanville, New Hampshire, for the promotion of the safety and welfare of the public. 4. These workplace safety and health regulations are designed to prevent personal injuries and illnesses from occurring in the workplace. 5. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to have the opportunity to present the Dog Control Amendment Bill to the House. It is a further milestone in meeting the changing expectations we have about what is responsible dog ownership. Note: Ordinance – (UK) by-law/bye-law a) court ruling b) local government document c) newspaper d) parliamentary speech e) brochure for employees 3 Find words in Exercise 2 which match these definitions. Consult the glossary if necessary. 1. rules issued by a government agency to carry out the intent of the law; authorised by a statute, and generally providing more detail on a subject than the statute 2. law enacted by a town, city or county government 3. draft document before it is made into law 4. legal device used by the European Union to establish policies at the European level to be incorporated into the laws of the Member States 5. formal written law enacted by a legislative body 4. Match the definitions in the right column to the words given in the left.
5. Complete the sentences below using the words in the box.
1 The Town Council will conduct a public hearing regarding a proposed.......................... concerning property tax. 2 According to the..........................concerning working time, overtime work is work which is officially ordered in excess of 40 hours in a working week or in excess of eight hours a day. 3 Early this year, the government introduced a new..........................on electronic commerce to Parliament. 4. A number of changes have been made to the federal..........................governing the seizing of computers and the gathering of electronic evidence. 5. The European Union.......................on Data Protection established legal principles aimed at protecting personal data privacy and the free flow of data. |
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