Лексико-грамматические упражнения

Упражнение 1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. Who is Victor Kuznetsov?

2. Is his wife a teacher?

3. What's her name?

4. Who is Richard Johnson?

5. Where is he from?

6. What's his telephone number at the Astoria?

Упражнение 2. Ответьте утвердительно на вопросы, употребляя вместо точек личные местоимения he, she, it.

Образец: Is Victor an engineer? Yes, he is an engineer.

1. Is Victor an engineer?             _____ is an engineer.

2. Is Vera a student?                   _____ is a student.

3. Is Leningrad far from Boston? _____ is far from Boston.

4. Is Frank at Pulkovo airport?    _____ is at Pulkovo airport.

5. Is his wife at the airport too? _____ is at the airport too.

6. Is Victor in Leningrad?          _____ is in Leningrad.

Упражнение 3. Употребите формы отрицания. Запомните, как они образуются:

Не is not = He isn't.

They are not = They aren't.

1. Vic is not at the office.                  = He ___ at the office.

2. Vic and Frank are not at the office. = They ___ at the office.

3. Vic is not at the airport.                 = He ___ at the airport.

4. Vic and Frank are not at the airport. = They ___ at the airport.

5. Vic is not in Boston.                      = He ___ in Boston.

6. Vic and Frank are not in Boston.   = They ___ in Boston.

 

UNIT 2

How do you do? Nice to meet you!

We have a meeting at four (o'clock) in our office. At ten (minutes) after three I arrive at Mr. Johnson's hotel. He's in the lobby already. He doesn't want to be late, but the office isn't very far from the hotel. Where is it? It's on a small street of Nevsky Prospekt. So we're not going to take a taxi. We're going to walk to the office. Mr. Johnson says (that) he wants to see the city. He says (that) it's beautiful. He likes it very much. On the way to the office I show him the sights and tell him about my job. I specialize in medical equipment.

We work Monday through Friday. We don't work on weekends. Our office hours are from 9: 00 (nine) a.m. to 5: 30 (five-thirty) p.m. Our lunch break is from 12: 30 to 1: 00 p.m. Mr. Johnson asks me a lot of questions about my job. I answer them. He calls me Victor or Vic. I call him Mr. Johnson. He doesn't like that. He asks me to call him Richard or Rich for short.

Oh, it's five to four already. How time flies! We don't have much time. We're going to be late! We arrive at the office. My boss meets us there. I introduce Richard Johnson to him. They discuss business.

Do you like the city?

On Friday Richard has a free afternoon. I want to show him the sights of the city. We start our tour from his hotel. First we go to St. Isaac's Cathedral. Then we walk to Decembrists' Square. There we see the famous monument to Peter the Great and the buildings of the Senate and the Synod. Then we turn right and go along the Neva embankment to the Admiralty and the Winter Palace. We see a long line of tourists in front of the Hermitage museum. Across the river we see the Peter and Paul Fortress. We go back and turn left onto Palace Square. Richard likes the city very much but soon he's tired. So we go back to his hotel.

Before we say goodbye I invite Richard to my place on Saturday. We're going to have a party. He thanks me for the invitation and promises to come. He doesn't have a car here in Leningrad, so he's going to take the metro.

 

Dialogues

I.

Victor's at the hotel. He meets Richard Johnson and they go to Victor's office.

— Good afternoon, Mr. Johnson. You are here already!

— Hello, Vic. I don't want to be late. We have a meeting at 4.

— Oh, yes. At my office.

— Is your office far from here?

— No, it isn't. We aren't going to take a taxi.

— Are we going to walk?

— Yes, I think we are. Is it your first visit to Petersburg, Mr. Johnson?

— Yes, it is. This city is beautiful. I like Petersburg.

— And I want to show you some sights.

— Great. I like this square and cathedral.

— That's St. Isaac's and this is Nevsky Prospekt. My office is on a small street of Nevsky Prospekt.

— What days do you work?

— I work on weekdays and I don't work on weekends. I usually come to the office at 9 a. m. I work from 9 to 5: 30.

— Do you live far from the office?

— Oh, yes. I do. I live on Moskovsky Prospekt. I usually take the metro.

— Why?

— I don't have a car.

— I see. My car is in New York now.

— Mr. Johnson, I want to invite you to my place on Saturday.

— Oh, thanks, Vic.

— We are going to have a party. We'd love to see you there.

— I don't think I'm going to discuss business this weekend.

— Fine. Then let's meet (давайте встретимся) at the hotel in the morning and go to my place.

 

II.

Victor and Mr. Johnson are on St. Isaac's Square.

— Is it your First visit to Petersburg, Mr. Johnson?

— Yes, your city is beautiful. I like it.

— Do you want to see the sights?

— I sure do (конечно, хочу.).

— I’m going to show you Nevsky Prospekt now, Mr. Johnson. Let's go for a walk (давай (те) пройдемся)

 

III.

Victor and Mr. Johnson are on Nevsky Prospekt.

— I like Nevsky Prospekt a lot, Vic. And where is your office?

— It's on a small street of Nevsky Prospekt.

— Do you live near your office?

— No. I live far away from it and I always take the metro.

— Why do you take the metro?

— Because I don't have a car.

— I see.

 

IV.

— Excuse me, where is the Astoria Hotel? — Thank you. — Pardon me, where's the taxi stand? — Oh, yes. Thank you. — Excuse me, is this Nevsky Prospekt? — Thank you.

— It’s on St. Isaac's Square.   — You’re welcome. — There it is. — Don’t mention it. — Yes, it is.   — You're welcome.

 

V.

— Pardon me, could you tell me the way to the Moskva Hotel? — Oh, thank you. — Excuse me, how do I get to Palace Square? — Thank you. — Excuse me; is Gorky Theater on this street?   — Thank you very much.

— It’s across the street.   — Don’t mention it. — Just walk down Nevsky Prospekt. — You're welcome. — No, take the street on I go straight and the theater is in front of you across the river. — You're welcome.

VI.

— Excuse me, how do I get to Palace Square?   — Thank you. — Could you tell me the way to Decembrists' Square, please?   — Thank you very much. — Excuse me; do I take this street to the Maly Opera and Ballet House? — Thank vou. — Are we going to turn right?

— Walk down this street, turn left and walk along Nevsky Prospekt to Palace Square. — You're welcome. — Sure, walk along Nevsky Prospekt to the Neva Em­bankment, then turn right and walk past the Admiralty and there you see Decem­brists' Square. — You're welcome. — No, take the street on the right and then the second right.   — Don't mention it. — No, we are going to turn left, then walk straight, across a square, past a cathedral and then see the famous statue of Peter the Great on Decem­brists' Square.

IN THE STREET

Guide (G.) — tourists ( Т.).

Т. What is that building across the river?	G. Which one?
T. The yellow one with large windows.	G. It's just an old house. It was built at the end of the 18th or the beginning of the 19th century.
T. It's so noisy (шумно) here. What century, did you say?	G. Eighteenth or nineteenth. And on your right you see the famous Hermitage, which has one of the best collections of world art and...
T. Could you repeat the name, please?	G. The Hermitage.
T. Thank you. Could you repeat what it has in it?	G. Yes, certainly. It has one of the best art collections in the world.
T. Oh, I see. Thank you.

 

Комментарии

Перевод

Meeting — это слово довольно редко переводится на русский заимствованным нами из английского словом митинг. Чаще оно означает просто встреча или собрание, а то и свидание.

Very much — очень. Сказать просто very можно при прилагатель­ном или наречии. При глаголе этого недостаточно.

On the way — по дороге (по пути).

Monday through Friday — с понедельника по пятницу.

Weekend (букв, конец недели) — слово постепенно проникает и в русский язык в форме уикенд и означает выходные субботу и воскресенье.

A lot of – много.

To take a taxi/to take the metro — поехать на такси / метро. Глагол take (основное значение которого брать) употребляется с назва­ниями любого вида транспорта в значении поехать на чем-то.

 

Существительные

Из имевшейся когда-то в английском языке системы падежей к настоящему времени сохранился лишь остаток бывшего родитель­ного падежа — так называемый притяжательный падеж. Он, в основном, означает принадлежность чего-то (кого-то) какому-то живому существу и образуется прибавлением к существительному 's:

Mr. Johnson ' s hotel (гостиница г-на Джонсона).

St. Isaac's Cathedral ( Собор Св. Исаакия — Исаакиевский собор).

Если существительное в притяжательном падеже стоит во мно­жественном числе, то к нему достаточно прибавить только апост­роф ('): Decembrists ' Square (площадь Декабристов).

Как же выразить те отношения, которые в русском языке выра­жаются с помощью падежей? С одним из способов мы уже сталки­вались: I see a friend there. Там я вижу друга. Тут отношения, пере­даваемые по-русски винительным (кого? что? ) падежом, по-англий­ски передаются просто порядком слов (расположением слова friend после сказуемого). Другой способ — употребление предлогов. Так, отношения родительного падежа (кого? чего? ) передаются с по­мощью предлога of:

The buildings of the Senate — здания Сената. A line of tourists — очередь туристов.

Но есть в английском языке часть речи, сохранившая два падежа. Это — личные местоимения.

 

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