Exercise 6. Describe the process of communication in the automated factory.

Exercise 7. Define the major problem with networks.

 

Exercise 8. Explain why a new technology (speech recognition) is so important in interfacing with computer.

 

Exercise 9. Prove that computer has become friendly, even inviting.

Exercise 10. Discuss the text according to the points:

 

1. New developments in machine – to – machine interfaces.

2. New technology in man-machine interface.

 

                                        Notes:

1. to make decisions – приймати рішення     6. to point - вказувати

2. to share – ділити                                        7. finger - палець                                       

3. to exchange – обмінювати                        8. a button - кнопка

4. unyielding – той, що не дає результатів     9. exist - існувати

5. unforgiving – той, що не вибачає            10. recognition - впізнавання

                                                                       11. voice – голос.

LESSON 5

SENSORS

1. The sensor’s importance to the automated factory lies not in its precise definition but in its ability to obtain a reliable measurement of a parameter important in process control. Today, sensors exist for nearly any process parameter that would be encountered in an automated factory. They include, for example, sensors for absolute and differential pressure and temperature, linear and rotary position, speed and acce­leration, gas or liquid flow rate, color, texture, moisture con­tent, pH, chemical constituents, object presence or absence, weight or density, thermal or electrical characteristics.

           2. Many of these sensors are incorporating fiber optic tech­nology, and new technologies for sensing are being deve­loped. Thermal imaging is a nondestructive way of sensing very small defects. So far, this technology is being used in the semiconductor industry but it is finding use in other indu­stries since it can be used to determine the thickness of lay­ers and the depth of alloy penetration as well as cracks.

           3. Vision systems are sensing systems that are finding more application due to the robotics industry. Any automated factory is likely to depend on one or more vision systems to perform some activities in the manufacturing cycle.

4. Vision systems are generally composed of camera systems or photo-electric-type systems. They can range from simple presence sensing to complex intelligent systems that interact with and direct a process.

5. Among the more complex vision systems today is the intel­ligent system interacting with a robot to guide the robot in its action. Many of these systems use a camera that converts a scene to video data. Then, using a microprocessor, a feature analysis is done on files of «corner-point» encoded data.

6. Features extracted from the scene are compared with pro­grammed specifications. The system decides whether extra­cted features correspond with the specifications and calls for appropriate action based on the decision. There are some systems that perform this same type of process but, instead of using a camera, they use a fiber optic sensing device. This type of device uses triangulating, or structured light, and imaging principles to provide data on range rates and hole and edge locations in the field of view.

 

Exercise 1. Find the synonyms in the text to the following words:

1. accurate (1)                                                                         7. to direct (5)

2. harmless (2)                                                                        8. to turn (5)

3. join (2)                                                                                9. characteristics (6)

4. carry out (3)                                                                        10. to make one’s mind (6)                                                                           

5. consist (4)                                                                           11. place, position (6).

6. to vary (4)

Exercise 2. Give the Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations:

1. absolute and differential pressure

2. linear and rotary position

3. speed and acceleration

4. texture

5. moisture content

6. weight and density

7. photo-electric-type systems

8. fibre-optic sensing device.

 

Exercise 3. Say if the statements are true or false:

1. The sensor’s importance to the automated factory lies in its precise definition.

2. Many of the sensors are incorporating new technologies for sensing.

3. Any automated factory depends on vision systems.

4. The most complex vision system is intelligent system.

5. The intelligent systems cannot use a fibre optic sensing device.

 

Exercise 4. Complete the sentences choosing the right variant:

1. Vision systems perform some activities in…

a). manufacturing cycle;

b). an automated factory;

c). robotics industry.

 

2. They (vision systems) can range from simple presence sensing to complex intelligent systems that…

a). convert a scene to video data;

b). interact and direct a process;

c). guide the robot in its action.

 

3. Thermal imaging is a nondestructive way of sensing…

a). absolute and differential pressure and temperature;

b). thermal characteristics;

c). small defects.

 

4. Vision systems are composed of…

a). photo-electric-type systems;

b). photo-electric type and camera systems;

c). camera systems.

 

5. Some systems that perform the same process of comparison, but instead of using a camera, they use…

a). structured light;

b). a fibre-optic sensing device;

c). a microprocessor.

 

Exercise 5. Answer the following questions:

1. What parameters do the sensors include?

2. What technology can be used to determine the thickness of layers, the depth of alloy penetration, in semiconductor industry?

3. Why does any automated factory depend on vision systems?

4. What is the function of the intelligent systems?

5. What are vision / intelligent systems composed of?

 

⇐ Предыдущая11121314151617181920Следующая ⇒

Поделиться: