Use Infinitive Constructions instead of the italicized subordinate clauses.

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1 The boys were the first who met us.

2 We expect that she will come and help us.

3 Take another pencil that you may write better.

4 Write down all their names lest you should forget.

5 He is so tall that he can’t go through this low door.

6 She saw that Sue drank the tea.

7 This is a good poem which you must learn by heart.

8 They invited their friends so that they might celebrate together that wonderful event.

Use the required form of the infinitive in brackets. Insert the particle to where necessary.

1 I decided (to make) a fuss, and went (to look) for Robinson.

2 We walked to the door and I saw her (to go) in and down the hall. I liked (to watch) her (to move).

3 Let’s (to go) and (to find) him, he’s sure (to be) in front of his picture.

4 It’s very interesting (to hear) you (to say) that.

5 Some important decisions must (to make) soon.

6 You must (to do) something heroic at that time.

7 I think he must (to suffer) from injury now.

8 You must (to dream) of it long.

9 She liked, passionately (to like), (to think) worthy of confidence.

10 Let me (to hold) the baby, Scarlet. Oh, I know how (to hold) babies.

11 She noticed that he seemed (to look) at the sideboard and with her engaging smile learned forward.

12 Do you want (to make) something (to happen)?

13 But there is something else (to do).

Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one, using an infinitive or an infinitive phrase in the function of an adverbial modifier of purpose instead of the second sentence.

1 When he left Mrs. Otter Philip went. She wanted to buy drawing materials.

2 At last Lawson, exhausted, got up. He decided to go home.

3 It occurred to him that his information might be used. He wanted to help the girl.

4 So I went up to the counter and collected Octavia’s penicillin, then went back. I decided to sit and wait with George.

5 I read about your stow away and came. I wanted to see if I could help.

6 He made up his mind. He decided to be more reasonable.

7 He left the room. He wanted to see what I meant.

9 Then she looked up and down at the Westminster Bridge Road. She wanted to see if he was in view.

10 His niece put her face up. She wanted to be kissed.

Exercises to §2

1. Give the forms of the Participle I, Participle II and Perfect Participle of the following verbs:

to stop, to write, to make, to build, to give, to find, to work, to travel, to begin, to develop, to play, to study.

Translate into English.

написанная книга; эксперимент, проделанный студентами; дома, построенные в нашем городе; рабочие, строящие дом; данная статья; найденные результаты; работа, сделанная вовремя; мальчик, делающий зарядку; работая, он обнаружил что...; путешествуя, он увидел много интересного; книги, описывающие сражения.

Paraphrase the sentences according to the model, using the Participle I and the Perfect Participle.

Model: Mary left the room. She took the book.

Mary left the room taking the book.

Mary left the room having taken the book.

1. They stood at the bus stop. They were waiting for a bus. 2. He stood at the corner. He looked at the lights. 3. She sat silent. She looked at his face. 4. He left the shop. He bought a tape recorder. 5. The bus started. It left two people at the bus stop.

Use the appropriate form of participle I of the verb in brackets.

1 Poirot and I believed in the customary fashion of people (to show) over houses.

2 I left a bitter envy towards the two small boys (to walk) along the path.

3 (to greet) her, he turned the key in the only door with a certain skill.

4 (to have) tea she went early to Victoria Station.

5 There was a noise of curtain-rings (to run) back along the rods, of water (to splash) in the basins.

6 She had a pale face and dark hair (to turn) grey.

7 (to pick up) his coat, he walked on into the field.

Replace the attributive clauses by phrases with the participle II.

1 Alain who was greatly surprised answered, “That’s right.”

2 S who was astonished, stared at Peter, then looked the other way.

3 He looked back at the large car that was parked at the road side, already ten years away.

4 One of their drivers who was brought by Gordini came over to me.

5 Arthur had brought two wildly excited friends who were called Tom and Nigger, for Barney and me.

Exercises to §3

1. Use the right form of the Gerund instead of the verbs in brackets and add the preposition:

1. I have no attention (to stay) here any longer. 2. She insisted (to help) me. 3. Are you fond (to play) chess? 4. He has had very much experience (to teach). 5. There is no possibility (to find) his address. 6. There is little chance (to see) her today. 7. We have the pleasure (to send) you our catalogues. 8. I think (to go) to the south in summer. 9. He is afraid (to catch) cold. 10. I am proud (to have) such a son.

2. Use a Gerund instead of the subordinate clause, add the preposition if necessary:

1. When I received the telegram, I started home at once. 2. You may avoid many mistakes if you observe these rules. 3. When he entered the room, he greeted everybody. 4. After they had sat there a few minutes, they continued their journey. 5. While he was copying the text, he made a few mistakes. 6. I am thankful that I have been stopped in time. 7. I remembered that I have read this book. 8. After she had tried all the keys on the ring, she finally found the right one.

3. Translate into English, using the Gerund:

1. У меня нет надежды увидеть его скоро. 2. Идея провести каникулы на Волге принадлежит моему брату. 3. Вы можете улучшить свое произношение, читая вслух каждый день. 4. Я не смогу перевести этот документ, не посмотрев несколько слов в словаре. 5. Я думаю поехать туда осенью. 6. Я запишу номер вашего телефона, так как я боюсь забыть его. 7. Я помню, что меня уже спрашивали об этом. 8. Я зайду к вам перед тем, как уеду из Москвы. 9. Придя домой я сразу начал работать. 10. Дождь помешал мне прийти к вам вчера. 11. Он не способен сделать такую вещь. 12. Проверяя ваши диктанты, я нашел очень мало ошибок. 13. Она была сердита на него за то, что он потерял ее словарь. 14. Он очень любит играть в футбол. 15. Мой сын очень любит, когда ему рассказывают о морских путешествиях. 16. Перестаньте разговаривать.

Complete the sentences with the Gerund of the following verbs: eat, follow, increase, lend, meet, restrain, smoke, speak, stay, travel.

1. The Prime Minister said he was looking forward to…the US President. 2. He should be accustomed by now to…English food. 3. Do you think your father would object to…me some money? 4. He said he wasn’t used to…in public. 5. Having almost run out of money, we were reduced to…in a cheap hotel. 6. He tried to limit himself to…ten cigarettes a day. 7. Manufacturers were asked to devote all their energies to…exports. 8. We shan’t be going. My wife doesn’t feel up to…so far. 9. The committee could see no alternative to…the plan in its original form. 10. The Government set up a Prices and Incomes Board with a view to…both price rises and wage demands.

5. Translate into Russian:

1. I remembered having seen this picture before. 2. My friend’s having decided to leave the city was very strange. 3. My father liked my having given up smoking. 4. He praised her having prepared this lesson so well. 5. Your father’s having received the pension solved the problem. 6. She liked my wife’s having learned to sing. 7. Their having done the work saved us much time. 8. They dislike our having chosen this trade.

Exercises to §4

Read the sentences and translate them.

1. If I were you I would accept the offer (принять предложение). 2. If Mary were here, we should begin the lesson. 3. He wished that he would see his children again. 4.1 wish it were summer now. 5. He speaks English as if (как будто) he were a real Englishman. 6. If they were rich they could buy a new car. 7. If I were a bird I wouldn't sing in a cage (клетка). 8. If George were here he would tell us the answer. 9.1 wish I had told him about it two days ago. 10. But for the rain we should go for a walk now.

Open the brackets, using the subjunctive mood and translate the sentences into Russian.

Model: It is necessary that 1 (to go) there.

It is necessary that I should go there.

1. It is important that this letter (to be sent) as soon as possible. 2. It is ordered that the engine (to be tested) again. 3. The teacher required that the students (to read) this rule. 4. It is suggested that he (to do) this work. 5. It is desirable that the students (to attend) all the lectures. 6. It is necessary that we (to pass) all the exams. 7. It is suggested that she (to help) us. 8. It is impossible that he (to say) that.

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