Find in the Internet the most important facts about famous anatomists of the past and make very short presentation.

REVISION

I. Read the text and guess the meanings of the words in italics:

Text C

According to their functions different organs of the human body are divided into several systems: the skeleton, the muscular system, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urogenital [‘juqrq’Genitl] system, the nervous system, the excretory [eks’krJtqri] system, the endocrine [‘endoukrQin] system.

The heart and the large blood vessels connected with it as well as the lungs and the esophagus are in the thoracic cavity. The spleen, the liver and the stomach are in the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm. The small and large intestines are in the abdominal cavity lower than the stomach, the liver and the spleen. The kidneys are on the posterior side of the abdominal cavity.

II. Answer the following questions:

1. What are the main systems of the human body?

2. What cavities of the body can you name?

3. What organs are located in each of these cavities?

III. Name the words belonging to the following systems:

a. cardiovascular b. nervous c. respiratory d. digestive e. the skeleton

 

brain, vessels, septum, lungs, kidneys, breastbone, ventricle, pleura, stomach, mediastinum, intestines, nerves, ribs, valves, gallbladder, pelvis, pericardium, tongue, extremities, caecum, thigh, liver, shoulder, ileum, palate

IV. Find the Latin adjective corresponding to each English noun:

mouth vascular

teeth gastric

tongue oral

heart hepatic

vessels dental

lungs lingual

stomach cardiac

liver pulmonary

V. Find the odd word in each line and explain your choice:

1. always, never, usually, already

2. heart, gallbladder, bile, esophagus

3. disappear, responsible, impossible, reconstruction

4. digestive, dangerous, difference, important

5. drug, remedy, valve, medicine

6. smallpox, fever, headache, pain

7. surgery, therapy, histology, obstetrics

8. carrying, dividing, everything, determining

 

VI. Using the English words make up sentences corresponding to the Russian ones:

1. В мире издается много медицинских журналов.   2. В этом журнале есть несколько интересных статей.   3. В этой книге описаны великие открытия, сделанные российскими учеными.   4. Врачу пришлось изменить лечение, чтобы восстановить здоровье пациента   5. Что изучает анатомия? 6. Сколько клапанов в сердце?     7. С помощью чего можно определить границы органов?

many, published, world, the, are, medical, journals, in   some, are, interesting, in, there, this, papers, journal   book, discoveries, by, are, great, the, this, Russian, described, in, made, scientists     doctor, restore, to, health, the, the, had, to, the, patient’s, treatment, change     anatomy, study, does what many, valves, there, the, in, how, are, heart   can, borders, determine, one, of, the, what, organs, with, the

 

VII. Read, find and define the predicates and translate the sentences:

1. The blood passing through the portal vein is carried to the liver.

2. Making the medical examination the physician considered that his condition was

normal.

3. The received findings helped the surgeon to perform the operation successfully.

4. The liver cells process the digested food, change it into substances that the body

will need then store them until they are required.

5. Patients in whom little bile is reaching the intestine may have difficulties in their

absorption of fats.

VIII. Make up questions to the underlined words:

1. The motive function of the upper extremity was restored after the course of the

proper treatment.

2. This patient’s temperature will be taken every two hours.

3. About 130 scientific works were written by Lesgaft.

4. The large intestine is divided into caecum, colon and rectum.

5. The atrium and the ventricle of the right heart chamber are connected by the

tricuspid valve.

IX. Read the text:

Text D. ANDREAS VESALIUS

Andreas Vesalius (1514-1563) is one of the greatest anatomists. He studied medicine in France. In 1537 he got the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In 1538 his first scientific works in Anatomy were published. In 1543 his most important book “On the Structure of the Human Body” was written.

His work “On the Structure of the Human Body” consists of seven books. The bones of the skeleton, the joints and the cartilages were described in the first book; the muscles - in the second; the vessels – in the third; the nerves – in the fourth; the alimentary tract – in the fifth; the heart and the respiratory system – in the sixth; the brain – in the seventh.

In all his works Vesalius studied the anatomy of the human body on corpses. He studied the structure of the inner organs of the human body taking into consideration (принимать во внимание) their functions. Vesalius was the first scientist to give a proper description of the human skeleton. He also determined that the right and the left ventricles of the heart were not connected. He determined that there were no opening in the septum between the left and the right heart chambers. It was a great discovery. Before Vesalius all the scientists considered that the left and the right heart chambers were connected by the opening in the septum. His discovery opened the way to the discovery of the pulmonary and systemic blood circulations in future. Vesalius did much to establish new and exact anatomical terms.

The great Russian scientist Pavlov said that the works written by Vesalius composed the first anatomy of the human body in which everything was based on scientific research work.

X. Find in the text D the sentences with the sequence of tenses, read and translate them:

XI. Translate the following sentences:

1. Он сказал, что ему нравится анатомия.

2. Мы знали, что учиться в медицинском университете очень сложно.

3. Пациент сказал, что чувствует себя лучше.

4. Я думал, что ты не знаешь об этом.

5. Врач был уверен, что назначенное лечение может помочь пациенту.

 

XII. Answer the questions:

1. What do you know about the most important book by Andreas Vesalius?

2. What discoveries did Andreas Vesalius make?

3. What did the discovery made by Vesalius open the way to?

 

 

Тест для самоконтроля 3

 

1. Укажите слова близкие по значению.

a. respiration a. alimentary

b. mouth b. border

c. shape c. breathing

d. digestive d. form

e. oral cavity

2. Укажите слова, которые составляют смысловые пары.

a. carbon a. intestine

b. pale b. capacity

c. vital c. voice

d. large d. palate

e. soft e. dioxide

f. color

3. Выберете правильный вариант.

The … of the lungs is about 1, 350 gr.

a. size

b. length

c. weight

d. shape

4. Вставьте в предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.

The lungs are covered with …

5. Укажите прилагательные, соответствующие английским существительным.

a. stomach a. pulmonary

b. tongue b. intestinal

c. lung c. gastric

d. mouth d. lingual

e. oral

6. Вставьте в предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.

Mediastinum is the part separating the …

7. Укажите лишнее по смыслу слово.

a. the bile b. the stomach c. the esophagus d. the gallbladder

8. Выберете правильный вариант.

…is/are not in the oral cavity.

a. bile ducts

b. salivary glands

c. the tongue

d. soft palate

9. Вставьте в предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.

The … is the largest gland in the human body.

10. Выберете правильный вариант.

Andreas Vesalius studied anatomy on …

a. animals

b. ill persons

c. healthy persons

d. corpses

11. Укажите предложение, в котором слово с окончанием -ing выполняет роль обстоятельства.

a. Vessels leading blood away from the heart towards other organs are arteries.

b. The scientist is carrying out new experiments in the laboratory.

c. Performing the operation on the stomach the surgeon used a new method.

d. Taking part in the discussion helped the students to understand the problem better.

12. Укажите соответствия сказуемых их характеристикам.

a. was performing a. Present Simple Passive

b. will receive b. Past Continuous Active

c. are achieved c. Past Simple Passive

d. were known d. Future Continuous Active

e. Future Simple Active

13. Укажите правильно составленный вопрос к подчеркнутому слову.

The lungs are covered with the pleura.

a. What are the lungs covered?

b. What are covered the lungs?

c. What are the lungs covered with?

d. What the lungs are covered with?

14. Выберете правильный вариант.

The doctor said that …

a. he will examine the patient in the morning.

b. he has examined the patient in the morning.

c. he is examining the patient in the morning.

d. he would examine the patient in the morning.

15. Укажите правильный перевод предложения.

Известно, что он опытный хирург.

a. Everybody knows that he is an experienced surgeon.

b. One is known that he is an experienced surgeon.

c. It knows that he is an experienced surgeon.

d. One knows that he is an experienced surgeon.

 

 

LESSON 15

Грамматика: Perfect Active, неопределенно-личные предложения

 

⇐ Предыдущая12345678910Следующая ⇒

Поделиться: