Verbs of Reporting (Gerund or Infinitive )

 Verbs + Gerund

accuse of             apologize for                approve of                   admit to             

boast about           complain to                 congratulate on      decide against    

deny                       disapprove of                   discourage from         dream of             

feel like                forgive for                    insist on                  prevent from   

stop from              suggest                              suspect of               warn against

Verbs + Infinitive

agree     appear  decide claim   demand  help      offer promise 

pretend prove  refuse       seem     tend     threaten        volunteer

Verbs + somebody + Infinitive

advise    allow     ask      beg     command    enable   encourage  forbid  

instruct  invite     order   permit      prohibit   remind      urge        want

 

 

Gerund or Infinitive (different meaning)

verb	Infinitive	Gerund
forget	He forgot to buy the book. Он забыл купить книгу.	He forgot buying the book. Он забыл, что купил книгу
remember	He remembered to buy the book. Он не забыл купить книгу.	He remembered buying the book. Он помнил, что покупал книгу.
stop	He stopped to buy the book. Он остановился, чтобы купить книгу.	He stopped buying books. Он перестал покупать книги.
go on	He went on to buy the book. Потом он купил книгу.	He went on buying books. Он продолжил покупать книги.
mean	He meant to buy the book. Он собирался купить книгу.	Collecting a library means buying books. Создание библиотеки связано с покупкой книг.
try	They tried to repair the device. Они попытались отремонтировать устройство.	They tried repairing the device. Они решили отремонтировать устройство.
like	He likes to check up everything. Он любит всё проверять.	He likes checking up everything. Ему нравится заниматься проверкой .
hate	I hate to interrupt you. Мне очень неприятно вас прерывать.	I hate interrupting people. Я не люблю перебивать людей.
prefer	I would prefer to buy the books. Я бы предпочёл купить эти книги.	I prefer buying books to borrowing them. Я предпочитаю покупать книги, а не брать их на время.
want	They want to check up the data. Они хотят проверить данные.	The data want checking. Данные нуждаются в проверке.
need	They need to update the software.Им нужно обновить программу .	The software needs updating. Программу нужно обновить.
to be keen	I am keen to go to that conference. Я очень хочу поехать на эту конференцию.	I am keen on going to conferences. Я люблю ездить на конференции.
to be afraid	I am afraid to take this exam. Я боюсь сдавать этот экзамен	I am afraid of failing this exam. Я боюсь, что не сдам этот экзамен

Linking words

function	complex sentence (conjunction)	Simple sentence (preposition)	example
contrast	however, yet, still, while nevertheless	despite, in spite of, regardless of rather  than, instead of	He was tired, however he did it. Despite being tired he did it.
concession	although, even though	despite, in spite of, regardless of	Although he was tired he did it.
cause	as, since, for, because	because of due to, owing to, in view of	He did not finish the work, as he was tired. He did not finish the work because of being tired.
purpose	so that, lest	in order, so as	They packed the instruments so that they would not get damaged. They packed the instruments in order not to damage them.
effect /result	thus, hence, so, therefore,  as a consequence		They had packed the instruments therefore they did not get damaged.
positive addition	both… and, not only… but, moreover, furthermore	besides, in addition to, apart from aside from	He was both a great physicist and a great mathematician. Apart from being a great physicist he was a great mathematician.
negative addition	neither… nor	neither, nor, either except, but for	Neither he nor his advisor can predict the result. He can’t predict the result. Nor can his advisor do that.
manner	As if, as though	somehow, in a way	He behaved as if he knew the outcome.  They managed that somehow.
condition	If, provided, providing, suppose, in case supposing, given, unless	in case of, in the event of	Switch off the system in case power supply fails.  In case of power supply failure switch off the equipment

Text Organizers

Function