Unit 2 Boeing Commercial Airplanes

 The Boeing Company offers airplanes and services that deliver superior design, efficiency and value to customers around the world. There are more than 13,000 Boeing commercial jetliners in service. Boeing traces its history to aviation pioneer William Boeing who, in 1916, built the company's first airplane,                  a seaplane for two with a range of 320 nautical miles (515 km). Since then, Boeing has defined the modern jetliner and introduced the twin-aisle cabin, the glass cockpit and countless other innovations. Today, Boeing Commercial Airplanes offers a family of technologically advanced airplanes, including one that can seat more than 500 and another that boasts the longest range in the world, at more than 9,300 nautical miles (14,966 km).

The Boeing 737 is the best-selling commercial airliner in history. The single-aisle jetliner, known for being reliable, simple and economical to operate, dominates the market for short- to medium-range routes. Next-Generation 737 family - an updated 737 airplane introduced in 1993 with a new wing design, improved fuel capacity and improved aerodynamics to give the airplane greater range and speed.

The Boeing 747, the original "jumbo jet" with its distinctive upper-deck profile, is among the fastest airliners in service. Boeing 747-8 Family - The Boeing 747-8 Intercontinental and 747-8 Freighter are the new, high-capacity 747s that offer airlines the lowest operating costs and best economics of any large passenger or freighter airplane in its class - while providing enhanced environmental performance.

The 767 Freighter shares all the advancements in avionics, aerodynamics, materials and propulsion that contribute to success of the 767-300ER passenger airplane. Excellent fuel efficiency, operational flexibility, low-noise levels and an all-digital flight deck allow the 767 Freighter to support time-critical cargo schedules.

The Boeing 777 family is a complete family of jetliners that is preferred by passengers and airlines around the world. The market-driven design of the 777 ensures the airplane responds to market needs and customer preferences. The result is a family of airplanes distinguished by fuel-efficiency, spacious cabin interior, range capability and reliability. The 777 provides the most payload and range capability and growth potential in the medium-sized airplane category with lower operating costs.

The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is the family of new, super-efficient airplanes that brings big-jetliner comfort and economics to the midsize market. The 787 incorporates advanced composite materials, systems and engines to provide unprecedented performance levels, including a 20-percent improvement in fuel efficiency over existing small twin-aisle airplanes.

The new 787-10, launched in June 2013, will extend and complement the family, carrying 300 - 330 passengers up to 7,000 nautical miles (12,964 km).

The 787 family provides airlines with unmatched fuel efficiency, resulting in exceptional environmental performance. The airplane uses 20 percent less fuel than today’s similarly sized airplanes. The 787 also travels at a similar speed as today’s fastest twin-aisle airplanes, Mach 0.85. Airlines also realize more cargo revenue capacity — a 20 to 45 percent advantage over similarly sized airplanes.

Passengers also enjoy improvements on the 787 Dreamliner, from an interior environment with higher humidity to more comfort and convenience. The key to the exceptional performance of the 787 Dreamliner is its suite of new technologies and its revolutionary design. Composite materials make up 50 percent of the primary structure of the 787, including the fuselage and wing.

At the heart of the 787 design is a modern systems architecture that is simpler, more functional and more efficient than that of other airplanes. For example, onboard health-monitoring systems allow the airplane to self-monitor and report systems maintenance requirements to ground-based computer systems.

1. Answer the following questions.

1) What is William Boeing famous for?

2) What airplane is called "jumbo jet"?

3) What are the characteristics of the Boeing 777 family?

4) What are the improvements of the 787 Dreamliner?

5) What is the purpose of onboard health-monitoring systems?

6) How many Boeing commercial jetliners are there in service?

2. Find the Russian equivalents for the following expressions:

(1) the twin-aisle cabin, (2) technologically advanced airplanes, (3) the best-selling commercial airliner, (4) improved fuel capacity, (5) low-noise levels,         (6) spacious cabin interior, (7) advanced composite materials, (8) nautical miles, (9) exceptional environmental performance, (10) an interior environment,            (11) a modern systems architecture, (12) more cargo revenue capacity,                (13) onboard health-monitoring systems, (14) systems maintenance requirements, (15) ground-based computer systems.

 

3. Rearrange the words to make sentences

1. "invent"/ To means/ find/ to/ or/ discover.

2. means/ to/ To /"innovate"/ renew.

3. can / should/ occur/ of/ areas/ Innovation/ and/ in/ all/ business.

4. a /provides/ comfort/ new/ airplane/ the/ the / highest/ level /in sky.

5. will /Dreamliner /20/ The /fuel /787/ use /less/ percent .

6. The/ and/ the /with/ large/ first/ 787/ airliner/ is/ a/ fuselage/ composite/ wings.

7. the / windows/ are /other/ For/ example/ airliners/ larger/ those/ than/ in.

8. That/ flight/ a /real /on /a/ long-haul/ difference/ makes.

 

4. Match the sentence halves.

1. These advances, added up over time	a)which also enabled the pressurization of cabins
2. It meant that airplanes could go farther	b) than the airplanes it will replace.
3. The age of aluminum that airplane pioneered has lasted	c) including fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, and low community noise.
4. It will use about 20 percent less fuel and be about 30 percent less expensive to maintain	d) faster and higher than anyone had thought possible.
5. It will also set new benchmarks for environmental performance	e) which marked a sudden and enormous change in the power-to-weight output of airplane engines.
6. Terrific improvements in aircraft performance were made possible through new developments in metallurgy	f) for more than 80 years now.
7. Then came the turbojet	g) led to tremendous improvements in performance and capability

5. Complete the text with the words from the box.

engine research quieter

material                   performance propulsion

fan fuel weight

The GEnx-1B engine designed for the 787-8 can churn out 64,000 pounds of thrust. "It's usually one of the last tests that we run to make sure all of the airplane systems are working," said Ron Stephens who is on the propulsion team for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner. "We verify that the (1) system starts, motors, provides all of the cockpit displays and shuts down properly."  This test comes after years of (2) and development by Boeing and GE. Like the 787, the GEnx takes the use of composites to a new level. Both the fan blades and (3) casing are made with the strong and durable but light weight (4). The reduction in (5) is a major reason why GE says the GEnx-1B will burn 15% less (6). The power plant will also be significantly (7) and cleaner and easier to maintain than its predecessor. But the (8) is not giving up anything in terms of (9).

6. Translate the following text into English:

Всего семейство самолетов Boeing 737 насчитывает три поколения. Самолеты ранних серий Boeing 737 Original  предназначались для эксплуатации на ближних и среднемагистральных маршрутах и производились с 1967 по 1985 г. В начале 1980-х гг. на самолеты Боинг-737 были установлены новые двигатели CFM56 и цифровая авионика, что привело к появлению серии Boeing 737 Classic. Базовой моделью серии Classic являлся самолет Boeing 737-300, также выпускались укороченная версия с увеличенной дальностью полета Boeing 737-500 и версия с удлиненным фюзеляжем Boeing 737-400. С 1997 г. в авиакомпании поставляются самолеты серии Boeing 737 NG (Next Generation), оснащенные более экономичными современными двигателями, новым увеличенным крылом с возможностью установки аэродинамических законцовок (winglet), а также новым оборудованием салонов. Самолеты нового поколения имеют более высокие скорость, дальность и экономическую эффективность по сравнению с предыдущими моделями. Boeing 737 NG производятся и в настоящее время и наряду с самолетами семейства Airbus A320 являются основными среднемагистральными лайнерами авиакомпаний по всему миру.

 

7. Find the adjectives in the text and make some sentences comparing the planes.

For example:  …that boasts the longest range in the world .

…that offer airlines the lowest operating costs and best economics.

Comparing two things With short adjectives, use - er (+than) .With long adjectives, use more/less (+than). It’s faster than a normal car. It’s more exciting than a car and it’s less noisy. Irregular forms: good       It’s better.                       bad        It’s worse.                       far       It goes further. Or use as…as It isn’t as cheap as a car. Comparing three or more things With short adjectives, use (the) –est. With long adjectives, use (the) most/least. The Skycar is the fastest vehicle and it’s also the most expensive. Irregular forms: good It’s the best.                       bad It’s the worst.                       far It goes the furthest

8. Make a short summary of the text in written form using these expressions.

First
At the beginning	the author	writes, states	that
In the first part	the reader	points out	what
		explains,	why
In the next part
In the main part	the author goes on with	the data / question	what that
Then	we read / hear about	the statistics	why
Afterwards		the argument
	the author  analyses	the opinion
Next	discusses	the problem
As a conclusion	the author	emphasises	why

 Unit  3                          British Airways

Вritish Airways is based and headquartered in Waterside, Harmondsworth, England. Its main hub is at London Heathrow Airport. It is the flag carrier of the United Kingdom. British Airways is the largest airways in UK. British Airways was founded in 1935. British Airways is best known for its good quality customer service. British Airways is one of the world’s largest international airlines. Along with Air France, it is one of only two airlines to fly the supersonic Concorde jet. British Airways operates from two main bases, London’s two primary airports, Heathrow (the world’s largest international airport) and Gatwick. In the year 2000, forty eight million people flew on 529,807 British Airways flights, or an average of eighty passengers checking in every minute around the clock, and a British Airways flight either taking off or landing safely every thirty seconds.

British Airways maintains an enormous fleet capable of circling the globe, with flight crews trained to serve and protect business, royal, and vacationing tourists around the clock all year long. Maintaining a huge fleet of aircraft and maintenance support systems, the flagship of the British Airways fleet remains the Concorde; British Airways boasts more supersonic flying in one year than all of the world’s air forces combined.

British Airways attributes its success to its behind-the scenes activities, such as investor relations. On its World Wide Web site, the company provides comprehensive information regarding its financial performance, a presentation provided to the financial community, an online version of its own investor magazine, and even more information, including its history, in the British Airways Factbook. British Airways has also created partnerships and alliances with other airlines around the world to better serve its customers.

British Airways is involved in cargo service and tracking to support globalization, big business uniting the world. British Airways engineering services offer a wide range of technical and support services, individually tailored toward operational and financial efficiency of the business customer. British Airways also offers flight training in what are considered to be world-class facilities.

British Airways' main base is at London Heathrow Airport, but it also has a major presence at Gatwick Airport. It also has a base at London City Airport.    Passengers wishing to travel internationally with BA either to or from regional UK destinations must now transfer in London. Heathrow Airport is dominated by British Airways, which owns 40% of the slots available at the airport. The majority of BA services operate from Terminal 5.

British Airways is today the world’s biggest international airline, carrying more passengers from one country to another than any of its competitors. From buying tickets to boarding a plane, it's a new world out there. Increased security, fewer flights, earlier check-ins, luggage limitations: Even if you're not a fearful flyer, getting from point A to point B still can be stressful. Consider taking some of these smart steps the next time you fly.

When you buy online, it's smart to take the time to click through to a schematic of the interior of the plane with available seats indicated. Use the check-in page on your airline's Web site, key in your eTicket code, and print a boarding pass from your home computer as long as 24 hours before take-off time. If you're traveling internationally, you will need to enter your passport info as well. The boarding pass bears your name, flight information, and a bar code the flight attendant scans at the gate. If you have luggage, you will still have to stand in line to deposit it before you go through security.

Show up well before your flight departs. For a domestic flight, 75 minutes is recommended. If you're departing from a large airport, add 15 minutes to that. If your flight goes overseas, be at the airport at least two hours in advance. If you're carrying a water bottle or other drink, toss it in the trash before you go through security. Your coat, your bag, and in many airports your shoes must be placed in supplied bins that travel on a slow conveyor belt. But that's not all. If you're traveling with a laptop, that will need to be removed from your carry-on and go in its own bin.

Exercises

1. Answer the following questions. Begin your answers with such introductory phrases as: as far as I know; as far as I remember; to my mind; certainly; it's hard to tell; probably; of course; if I am not mistaken etc.

1) What is the British Airways famous for?

2) What information does British Airways provide on its site?

3) What fleet does the British Airways maintain?

4) Where is the British Airways' main base?

5) What are the advantages of buying tickets online?

6) What should you do before going through security?

7) What engineering services does the British Airways offer?

2 .  Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:

(1) good quality customer service, (2) taking off or landing safely, (3) an enormous fleet capable of circling the globe, (4) the flagship of the British Airways fleet,     (5) go through security, (6) a domestic flight, (7) a wide range of technical and support services, (8) the flight attendant, (9) boarding a plane, (10) luggage limitation, (11) increased security, (12) the boarding pass.

3. Rearrange the words to make sentences.

1. British/ based/ the/ United/ is/ largest/ the/ Airways/ airline/ in/ Kingdom

2. BA /of /The/ operate/ from/5 /majority/ services/ Terminal

3. Airways/ over/ British/ destinations/ serves/ six /domestic/ 160 /including

4. The/introduced/ fleet/ airline/737/ the /Boeing / the/ and/ Boeing/  into/757/ the/ 1980s/ in

5. The /fleet/ branch/ own/ to/ company/ maintain/ its/ has/ its/ engineering/  aircraft

6.World /class/ long-haul/ offered/ Traveller/ the /is/ economy/ on/ international/ to/ destinations/ flights/ Europe/ outside

7. It/ complimentary/ drinks/ offers/ and/ entertainment/ seat-back/ and/ several/ meal.

4. Match the sentence halves.

1.You may now use your hand held portable electronic devices (PEDS) throughout your entire flight from boarding to disembarkation,	a) no later than 45 minutes before your flight.
2. Whether it's a light bite or a full meal,	b) the Terminal 5 dining experience raises the bar for quality cuisine on the move
3. At Terminal 5, you'll find everything from famous perfumes	c) you will need to go to a passport and visa check desk before going through airport security.
4. If you have hand baggage only and you have checked in online,	d) provided the ‘flight safe’ mode is enabled prior to departure.
5. You must pass through check-in	e) to the latest electronic gadgets, as well as all your travel essentials.

5. Complete the text with the words from the box

board	long-haul	traveling
touchscreens	landing	destination
take-off	passengers	in-flight

Over the years, airlines have made flying a little more bearable with the offering of (1) entertainment. The addition of personal (2) for every passenger has meant you can select your own entertainment and are no long subjected the two or three family friendly in-flight movies. However, these screens are often switched off during (3) and (4), which means we're left to entertain ourselves during those periods.

However, it looks like those (5) British Airways don't have to worry about that anymore. Travel Daily Media reports that, following approval from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), (6) will be able to interact with their screens as soon as they (7) and continue to watch until the plane taxis at their (8).

"We know how much our customers enjoy our carefully selected in-flight entertainment so we’re delighted that now they’ll be able to pack even more of the programmes and films into their (9) flights," Frank van der Post, director of brands and customer experience at BA, told Travel Daily Media.

6. Translate the following sentences into English:

Британские авиалинии – крупнейший европейский перевозчик, который занимает третье место в Европе по объёмом продаж после Air France
Это одна из немногих компаний, которая летает на все 6 континентов.             В парке на сегодняшний день более 260 воздушных лайнеров, которые выполняют регулярные рейсы в более чем 200 пунктов. Флот компании составляют новые и надежные лайнеры: Аэробус А319, Аэробус А320, Аэробус А321, Боинг 737, Боинг 747, Боинг 767, Боинг 777, Airbus A380, Boeing 787. Аэропорт Британских авиалиний – Лондонский Хитроу - считается одним из самых крупных аэропортов в мире. Каждые 15 минут из первого терминала отправляется Хитроу-экспресс, его конечная станция – Педдингтон. Каждые 5 минут в центральную часть города отправляется лондонское метро. Возможна онлайн-регистрация на рейс ВА (начиная за 24 часа до вылета) либо в киосках самообслуживания, которые доступны во многих аэропортах – в дополнение к стандартной стойке регистрации. Если вы уже зарегистрированы, в аэропорту вам остается только сдать багаж.

7. Read the review from the Internet forum about British Airways and tell about the seating policy of the BA. Express your attitude to the facts given in the review.

 

"London to Barcelona and vv. Using A320’s there and an A319 back."

British Airways customer review
Mon, 10/08/2012 09:23 AM 5 out of 5 Flight Route

Review

Both flights were excellent. Terminal Five at Heathrow is the best. The flights to and from Barcelona were on time and superbly operated. My only regret is the British Airways seating policy whereby one has to pay extra for seat selection in advance. I checked in on-line for my BA flight 24 hours in advance and even then had to sit separately from the friend who was travelling with me. No chance to do an on-line check on the way back- No facilities at the hotel I was staying at, but the airport staff were very helpful and I got a good seat just where I like to sit.

 

 

Unit 4                                    Airbus

Airbus is one of the two largest global manufacturers of heavy commercial aircraft. The Airbus consortium of European aircraft manufacturers is a successful example of regional and global economic cooperation in the production of a highly valuable, strategically significant, and high-technology product.

Airbus, headquartered in Toulouse, France, is owned by two leading European aerospace companies. One is the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS), born of the merger between Airbus consortium partner companies Aerospatiale-Matra of France, Daimler Chrysler Aerospace of Germany, and CASA of Spain; the other is BAE Systems of the United Kingdom. In June, 2000, EADS and BAE Systems announced the creation of Airbus Integrated Company, intended to consolidate Airbus Industrie resources and practical knowledge in existing locations around Europe into a single entity. As a result, all Airbus-related design, engineering, and manufacturing assets located in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom became part of a new Airbus company under the day-to-day control of a single management team. As of 2001, the company employed some forty thousand people throughout Europe. The consortium members are both industrial participants and shareholders. Their role is to carry out most aircraft design and all manufacturing under Airbus’s management.

Each partner company operates under the laws of the country in which it is incorporated. The partners are responsible for their own financing of the research, development, and production phases of the aircraft programs. Airbus Industrie’s production system is flexible and appears to be quite effective and efficient, as evidenced by the fact that approximately 96 percent of all aircraft work is performed in plants operated by the partner companies. Fully equipped sections of Airbus Industrie aircraft are produced in factories throughout Europe and transported to Toulouse, France, or Hamburg, Germany, for the final assembly. The production network is set up in an innovative way that uses the specialized skills of each partner and associate.

Airbus Industrie has more than 1,500 suppliers in twenty-seven countries and cooperative agreements with aerospace industries in nineteen countries. More than 35 percent of the components for the company’s aircraft are supplied by over five hundred United States companies.

Numerous suppliers are also located in the Asia-Pacific region, such as Singapore Technologies Aerospace, which produces wing ribs and passenger doors for the A320, A321, A319, and A318 and engine mounts and thrust reverser doors for the A340 and A330; and the Indian company Hindustan Aeronautics, which also builds A320 passenger doors.

One of the keys to Airbus’s sales success has been the flight operational commonality that exists among all the company’s fly-by-wire, or fully automated and computerized, aircraft. The Airbus philosophy has been to develop families of fly-by-wire controlled aircraft with similar cockpits and flight handling characteristics and common systems and hardware. As a result, pilots trained to fly any Airbus fly-by-wire aircraft feel equally at home in any of the single-aisle models in the A320 family, such as the A318, A319, A320 and A321, and the wide-body A330 and A340 models. This commonality may result in millions of dollars of savings for airlines. It reduces training costs, increases crew productivity, and provides pilots with the flexibility of flying a wide range of routes, from short-haul to ultra-long-haul.

Airbus Industrie was created on May 29, 1970, and was formed as a public interest group on December 18, 1970. The company was formed under French law, in the absence of a functional legal framework accepted throughout the European Union, then known as the European Economic Community. The public interest group is a form of business organization that permits participating firms to integrate their activities in certain domains while preserving their individual identities. The French public-interest law was used as an appropriate legal framework for the company as it was beneficial to Airbus Industrie’s goals in establishing itself in the market and managing its risk, at least initially. Originally, two partners, Aerospatiale and Deutsche Airbus, had equal ownership of the company.

Each partner assumed equal unlimited liability relative to the project. Because the company was a public interest group, new members could be admitted with the consent of both partners. To provide oversight of the entire project, an organizational structure was formed in December, 1970.

This department dealt directly with third parties to sell aircraft and provide pilot and crew training. There were two representatives from each industrial partner in the assembly of members. A supervisory council was organized to administer the assembly. This structure was intended to act as a true multinational collaboration.

Airbus is an outstanding example of successful multinational cooperation in the large commercial aircraft sector of the aerospace industry. Airbus was developed with the support and cooperation of the governments of the European Union member states with companies in the consortium (France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom).

 

Exercises

1. You should check the pronunciation of key words. Transcribe the words and word combinations:

Сonsortium, European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS), merger, shareholder, equipped, associate, fly-by-wire, functional legal framework, short-haul, ultra long-haul, beneficial, goal, ownership, equal unlimited liability, supervisory council, multinational collaboration

 

 

2. Match the words from the texts (1-10) with the definitions (A-J):

1	consortium	A	a particular form or branch of economic or commercial activity
2	partner	B	the job of checking that a process or system is working well
3	industry	C	a group of people who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, train, etc.
4	headquarters	D	the state of sharing features or attributes
5	crew	E	a semi-automatic and typically computer-regulated system for controlling the flight of an aircraft or spacecraft
6	commonality	F	a device for reversing the flow of gas from a jet engine so as to produce a retarding backward force
7	fly-by-wire	G	a person who takes part in an undertaking with another or others, especially in a business or firm with shared risks and profits
8	merger	H	a group of people or firms who have agreed to co-operate with each other
9	oversight	I	the place where a company or organization has its main offices
10	thrust reverser	J	the process of combining two companies or organizations to form a bigger one

3. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:

(1) всемирное экономическое сотрудничество, (2) высокотехнологичная продукция, (3) ведущие аэрокосмические компании, (4) повседневный контроль, (5) участники и акционеры, (6) работать в соответствии с законами страны, (7) приблизительно 96 процентов, (8) многочисленные поставщики,                                     (9) монтажные опоры двигателя, (10) реверсор тяги, (11) инструментальный, относящийся к полёту по приборам, (12) небольшое расстояние, (13) длинное расстояние, (14) характеристика управляемости, (15) соглашение/ договор о кооперации (договор между несколькими независимыми лицами о кооперации в какой-л. области), (16) правовая система (государства, общества), (17) группа людей, объединенная общими интересами, (18) Европейское экономическое сообщество (ЕЭС), (19) неограниченная ответственность (акционера)

4. Complete the sentences with the words from the box .

capacity	partners	double-deck	flights	intercontinental
long-haul	evolution	passengers	decks	fly-by-wire
short-haul	consortium	aviation	services	advances

 

1) Since its inception, Airbus has played a pioneering role in the international air transport industry’s … . This trend will continue over the coming decades, as Airbus leverages innovative solutions to further improve the economic efficiency and environmental performance of commercial … .

2) Airbus’ highly successful jetliner product line ranges in size from the 107-seat single-aisle A318 to the … A380 widebody, which is the world’s largest commercial aircraft in service today.

3) The A320 single-aisle jetliner family is used in a full range of … from very short-haul airline routes to … segments, on operations from challenging in-city airports to high-altitude airfields and an Antarctic ice runway, and on VVIP and government missions with the most discerning passengers.

4) With the A380, the sky is yours. Designed for 21st century growth, it offers 40 per cent more capacity and the lowest seat mile costs in its class. The A380 has been winning over business and leisure … alike since its service introduction in 2007, providing levels of comfort and reliability that have led travelers to specifically request flights on Airbus’ 21st century flagship – which is in operation with carriers around the globe.

5) The double-deck A380 is the world’s largest commercial aircraft flying today, with … to carry 525 passengers in a comfortable three-class configuration, and up to 853 in a single-class configuration that provides wider seats than its competitor. Overall, the A380’s two … offer 50 per cent more floor surface than any other high-capacity aircraft.

6) The A320 Family offers all of the benefits from Airbus’ … in innovation and technology, which result in increased revenue opportunities. These aircraft were the first commercial jetliners to incorporate … flight controls. In addition, their optimised fuselage improves passenger revenue with the widest cabin in the single-aisle marketplace, and increased cargo revenue due to the larger cargo holds and integrated on-board loading systems.

7) On most … flights, Premium Voyageur passengers now have a new food service throughout the entire flight.

8) Some routes are operated with Air France … , on a franchise basis or a code-share basis.

9) ‘Code-sharing’ means the agreement between two or more airlines to list certain … in a reservation system under each other's names.

10) … flights operate from Heathrow and Gatwick.

11) The new aircraft was developed by a European … .

 

 

5. Airbus jetliners have become the aircraft of choice for operators worldwide – from low-cost carriers to full-service airlines flying many of the longest routes around the globe. Choose one of Airbus’ Families and give a 5-minute presentation. Prove the advantages of this aircraft family.

Passenger Aircraft · The A320 single-aisle jetliner family (composed of the A318, A319, A320 and A321) is the world’s best-selling single-aisle aircraft family. · The A330 Family has five in-service members – the A330-200, A330-300, A330-200F, ACJ330 and A330 MRTT – which cover all market segments with one twin-engine aircraft type. · There are four variants in Airbus’ A340 Family: the A340-200, A340-300, A340-500 and A340-600. · The A350 XWB is the only all-new aircraft in the 300-400 seat category.   A320 Family · A320 Family aircraft are assembled in France, Germany and China. · The A320 Final Assembly Line in Toulouse once was the Concorde Assembly Hall. · Consisting primarily of aluminium alloy, the A320 is also built with high technology materials such as carbon composites, Kevlar and fiberglass. · A320 Family aircraft fly to some of the world's most challenging airports including Himalayan airfields in China, India and Bhutan. · 80 per cent of A320 Family operators fly at least two members of the Family. · An A320 Family aircraft takes off or lands every 2.5 seconds of every day. A380 · The A380 is 15 tonnes lighter than it would be if made entirely of metal. · The 4400m2 surface of the A380 is covered in three layers of paint weighing around 500kg. · During take-off the A380 wing will flex upwards by over 4m. · The air in the A380 cabin is changed every 3 minutes, and the temperature can be selected between 18 and 30 degrees. · An A380 takes off or lands every four minutes.

6. Explain the slogans of Airbus’ Families. Translate them into Russian:

A320 Family:   The best keeps getting better

A330 Family:   The right aircraft, right now

A340 Family:   Versatility on long-range and ultra-long-range flights

A350 XWB:     Shaping efficiency

A380:               The sky is yours

Unit 5

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