СРЕДСТВА МАССОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ

MASS MEDIA

Теоретическая часть

Данный лексический материал предназначен для того, чтобы студенты могли читать специальные тексты и подготовить монологическое высказывание по теме.

to denote обозначать

medium средство

message послание, сообщение

mass-circulation массовый тираж

duplication размножение, снятие копий

message board форум

podcast оцифрованная запись или

радиопередача, размещенная в

интернете

purpose цель

advocacy пропаганда

advertising реклама

entertainment развлечение

announcement объявление

public opinion общественное мнение

commuter пригородный пассажир

habit привычка

to resist сопротивляться

permanent постоянный

background noise фоновый шум

to interfere with препятствовать

owner владелец

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Mass media

Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a large audience. Marshall McLuhan, one of the biggest critics in media's history, brought up the idea that " the medium is the message". The term was coined in the 1920s with the advent of nationwide radio networks, mass-circulation newspapers and magazines. However, some forms of mass media such as books and manuscripts had already been in use for centuries.

During the 20th century, the growth of mass media was driven by technology, including that which allowed much duplication of material. Physical duplication technologies such as printing, record pressing and film duplication allowed the duplication of books, newspapers and movies at low prices to huge audiences. Radio and television allowed the electronic duplication of information for the first time.

Mass media include the Internet media like blogs, message boards, podcasts, and video sharing.

Mass media can be used for various purposes:

· Advocacy, both for business and social concerns. This can include advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations, and political communication.

· Entertainment, traditionally through performances of acting, music, and sports, along with light reading; since the late 20th century also through video and computer games.

· Public service announcements.

As sociologists say news is not what happens, it is what you see or read about in mass media. In other words, mass media play a very important role in organizing public opinion. Millions of people watch TV and read newspapers in their free time. Most of commuters can’t do without a newspaper on their way to work. Some people read newspapers or surf the Internet during the lunch break. TV also dominates our life. It is a habit which is impossible to resist. The radio is turned on most of the time, creating a permanent background noise. In fact it does not interfere with your activities. You can easily listen to the radio while doing homework, cooking or washing the dishes. It’s not a secret that some of the TV and radio stations are owned by big corporations, so the owners can advertise whatever they choose. Commercial firms have to buy TV and radio time to advertise their products. Thus most of the new inventions and technologies become popular and well known with the help of mass media.

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What term is used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a large audience?

2. When was the term coined?

3. What was the growth of mass media driven by?

4. What forms of mass media do you know?

5. What purposes can mass media be used for?

6. What allowed the electronic duplication of information for the first time?

7. Do you know any Internet media?

8. What is news according to sociologists?

9. What do people do in their free time?

10. Do commercial firms buy TV and radio time to advertise their products?

Вопросы к

1. Какие средства массовой информации вам известны?

2. Какие средства массовой информации наиболее популярны среди молодежи?

3. Какую роль играют средства массовой информации в формировании общественного мнения?

Тема X

ХОББИ

HOBBIES

Теоретическая часть

character характер

taste вкус

according по, согласно

to include включать

variety разнообразие

activity занятие

gardening садоводство

grown-up взрослый

computer games компьютерные игры

relatively относительно, сравнительно

drawing рисование

painting живопись

sculpture скульптура

to make sculpture заниматься скульптурой

handicraft рукоделие, ремесло

hobbyist любитель

saxophone саксофон

to collect собирать

stamp марка

coin монета

matchbox спичечный коробок

record пластинка

postcard почтовая открытка

value ценность

valuable ценный

to house помещать, размещать

in a small way понемногу

item предмет

a good deal много

rare редкий

private частный

to take pleasure in получать удовольствие от

opportunity возможность

to add добавлять

exciting увлекательный

aspect сторона, аспект

hobby-painter художник-любитель

pastime время провождение

to be subdivided into подразделяться на

to have no real value не иметь реальной ценности

world-famous всемирно известный

art object предмет искусства

wickerwork плетеные изделия

undertake предпринимать

recreation отдых

reward награда

pursuit увлечение

tinkering заниматься ремеслами

fulfillment реализация

dune buggy вездеход для езды по песку

hang glider дельтаплан

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Hobbies

A hobby is an activity or interest that is undertaken for pleasure or relaxation, typically done during one's leisure time.

A hobby horse is a wooden or wickerwork toy made to be ridden just like a real horse (which was sometimes called a " Hobby" ). From this came the expression " to ride one's hobby-horse", meaning " to follow a favorite pastime", and in turn, hobby in the modern sense of recreation.

Hobbies are practiced for interest and enjoyment, rather than financial reward. Examples include collecting, creative and artistic pursuits, making, tinkering, sports and adult education. Engaging in a hobby can lead to acquiring substantial skill, knowledge and experience. However, personal fulfillment is the aim.

Hobbies differ like tastes. If you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting. Hobbies are divided into four large classes: doing things, making things, collecting things and learning things. The most popular of all hobby groups is doing things. It includes a wide variety of activities, everything from gardening to traveling and from chess to volleyball.

Gardening is one of the oldest of man's hobbies. It is a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses.

Both grown-ups and children are fond of playing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but it is becoming more and more popular.

Making things includes drawing, painting, making sculpture, designing costumes, handicrafts. Two of the most famous hobby painters were President Eisenhower and Sir Winston Churchill. Some hobbyists write music or play musical instruments. President Bill Clinton, for example, plays the saxophone.

Almost everyone collects something at some period in his life: stamps, coins, match-boxes, records, postcards, toys, watches. Some collections have no real value. Others become so large and so valuable that they are housed in museums and galleries. Many world-famous collections started in a small way with one or two items. People with a good deal of money often collect paintings, rare books and other art objects. Often such private collections are given to museums, libraries and public galleries so that others might take pleasure in seeing them.

A " hobby" is usually something that a person does alone. But many American and British families like to do things together. They often spend a lot of money on their recreation. Many people enjoy their holidays somewhere in the country. National parks are very popular with most travelers. These magnificent areas of countryside include tropical forests, high mountains, dry deserts, long sandy coasts, grassy prairies and wooded mountains full of wild animals. There are camping places in the national parks as well as museums, boat trips and evening campfire meetings.

Americans really enjoy new " gadgets", especially new ways of travelling. In winter the woods are full of " snowmobiles" (cars with skis in the front). In summer they ride their " dune buggies" across the sands or take to the sky in hang gliders.

No matter what kind of hobby a person has, he always has the opportunity of learning from it. By reading about the things he is interested in, he is adding to what he knows. Learning things can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby.

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is hobby?

2. What hobbies do people have?

3. Tastes differ. Can you say the same about hobbies?

4. Have you chosen a hobby according to your character and taste?

5. The most popular hobby group is doing things, isn't it?

6. What do you know about gardening?

7. Do you like computer games?

8. Are you fond of making things?

9. Do you know any hobbies of the famous people?

10. Have you ever collected anything?

11. What can be collected?

12. Does a person usually do his hobby alone?

13. Do American families like doing things together?

14. Where do they enjoy their holiday?

15. What is your hobby?

16. What do your parents think about it?

17. Do you and your family like doing things together?

18. Do you travel together?

19. Are you a collector? What do you collect?

20. What is your friend's hobby?

21. Do hobbies help us in our life? Do they make it more interesting?

Вопросы к

1. Какие виды хобби вы знаете?

2. Чем вы увлекаетесь?

3. Каково происхождение слова «хобби»?

Список рекомендуемой литературы

Основная литература:

1. Полякова Т.Ю. и др. Английский язык для инженеров. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004.

2. Кубарьков Г.Л., Тимощук В.А. 1000. Сборник новых тем современного английского языка. – М.: ЗАО «БАО ПРЕСС», 2004.

Дополнительная литература:

1. Новый англо-русский словарь под ред. Мюллера В.К. – М.: Русский язык, 2000.

2. Della Summers. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Oxford University Press, 2001.

3. Murphy, Raymond. Essential Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

4. Pat Rogers. Oxford Dictionary of Abbreviations. Oxford University Press, 1996.

5. Jessie Coulson. The Oxford Russian Dictionary. Oxford University Press, 1997.

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ

по развитию навыков устной речи по дисциплине

«Английский язык»

для студентов специальностей

073000 (240901) «Прикладная математика»,

071900 (230201) «Информационные системы и технологии»,

075500 (090105) «Комплексное обеспечение информационной

безопасности автоматизированных систем»,

220200 (230102) «Автоматизированные системы

обработки информации и управления»,

351400 (010502) «Прикладная информатика»,

120100 (151001) «Технология машиностроения»,

150200 (190601) «Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство»,

240100 (190701) «Организация перевозок и

управление на транспорте»,

240100 (190702) «Организация и безопасность движения»,

100200 (140205) «Электроэнергетические системы и сети»,

100400 (140211) «Электроснабжение»,

151700 (140200) «Электроэнергетика»,

021100 (030501) «Юриспруденция»

Составители: Мартьянова Е.О., Морозова И., Пронякин Д.С.

Редактор:

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