Информационные системы и технологии»,

Стр 1 из 2Следующая ⇒

Прикладная математика»,

Информационные системы и технологии»,

Комплексное обеспечение информационной

Безопасности автоматизированных систем»,

Автоматизированные системы

Обработки информации и управления»,

Прикладная информатика»,

Технология машиностроения»,

Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство»,

Организация перевозок и

Управление на транспорте»,

Организация и безопасность движения»,

Электроэнергетические системы и сети»,

Электроснабжение»,

Электроэнергетика»,

Юриспруденция»

Ставрополь

Предлагаемые вашему вниманию методические указания составлены в соответствии с Государственным образовательным стандартом высшего профессионального образования, рабочим учебным планом и программой дисциплины «Английский язык» для студентов специальностей

073000 (240901) «Прикладная математика»,

071900 (230201) «Информационные системы и технологии»,

075500 (090105) «Комплексное обеспечение информационной

безопасности автоматизированных систем»,

220200 (230102) «Автоматизированные системы

обработки информации и управления»,

351400 (010502) «Прикладная информатика»,

120100 (151001) «Технология машиностроения»,

150200 (190601) «Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство»,

240100 (190701) «Организация перевозок и

управление на транспорте»,

240100 (190702) «Организация и безопасность движения»,

100200 (140205) «Электроэнергетические системы и сети»,

100400 (140211) «Электроснабжение»,

151700 (140200) «Электроэнергетика»,

021100 (030501) «Юриспруденция»

Методические указания включают в себя задания и вопросы по темам для самостоятельного изучения и список рекомендуемой литературы.

Составители: Мартьянова Е.О., Морозова И.Н., Пронякин Д.С.

Рецензент:

Стремительное развитие науки и техники, а также расширение экономических и культурных связей обусловило необходимость эффективного обмена информацией между всеми странами мирового сообщества. Английский язык традиционно считался языком торговли, политики, спорта и науки, но с появлением компьютеров и всемирной сети Internet он приобрел статус поистине международного. Согласно статистическим данным, около 80% Internet-сайтов и 75% научной литературы написано на английском языке. Развитие энергетической промышленности, а также поиск и разработка альтернативных источников энергии создает спрос на специалистов, способных эффективно работать в любой стране. Поэтому современный специалист должен не только быть компетентным в своей области знаний, но и уметь получать знания и навыки путем ознакомления с новыми достижениями науки и техники во всем мире.

Данные методические указания призваны научить студента общаться на различные темы, студент сможет усвоить базовые выражения из разных областей жизни, закрепит старый и получит новый лексический материал, научится правильно строить высказывание на иностранном языке, а также грамотно излагать содержание текста.

Тема I

МОЯ СЕМЬЯ

MY FAMILY

Теоретическая часть

Данный лексический материал предназначен для того, чтобы студенты могли читать специальные тексты и подготовить монологическое высказывание по теме.

name (first name, Christian name) имя

patronymic отчество

surname, last name фамилия

namesake тезка

maiden name девичья фамилия

nickname прозвище

we are 4 in the family нас 4 в семье

good – looking красивый, миловидный

beautiful красивая

broad – shouldered широкоплечий

to play the guitar играть на гитаре

to be handy with smth быть искусным в чем-то

to have much in common иметь много общего

to be fond of smth увлекаться чем-то

to go in for smth заниматься чем-то

opinion мнение

upbringing воспитание

to bring up воспитывать

to take care of smb заботиться о ком-то

to care for smb воспитывать

to be good at cooking хорошо готовить

to tidy убирать

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

My Family

Our family is neither large nor small. There are four of us: my mother, my father, my brother and me. It is an average Russian family. My father is 44 years old. He works a lot. He is always busy.

He has very little free time. He likes his job and there are chances of promotion. He is a good-looking man. His hair is fair, his eyes are blue. My mother is 42 years old. She is a housewife. She cooks perfectly and takes care of us and she is claver with her hands. My mother is sociable and kind. She is ready to help people when they are in need. My parents have been married for twenty- six years. They have much in common, but they have different views on music, books, films, sports. However, my parents have the same opinion about my education and upbringing. My brother is 14. He is a pupil. He has many friends. He knows many interesting things and likes to tell funny stories. I get on well with him. He is fond of sport. His favorite kind of sport is football. He is never downhearted. He is always full of life and energy.

I have grandparents. I love them very much and often go to see them. My grandparents are retired now. We have many relatives: aunts, uncles, cousins. They live in different parts of Russia. On holidays they often come to our place. We have a very good time together.

Everyone in my family is my best friend. We always help each other.

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. How many people are there in your family?

2. Do you have a brother or a sister?

3. How old are your parents?

4. Do your parents understand you?

5. Is your brother a pupil or a student?

6. How old is he?

7. Do you love your family?

8. Who is your best friend in the family?

9. What can you tell us about your family?

10. What do your parents do?

11. Where do they work?

12. Do your parents have much in common?

13. Who runs the house in your family?

Вопросы к

1. Ваша семья большая?

2. У вас есть братья или сестры?

3. Ваши родители понимают вас?

Тема II

МОЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

MY UNIVERSITY

Теоретическая часть

to train specialists готовить специалистов

branch отрасль

higher technical education высшее техническое образование

economics экономика

law право

successfully успешно

to carry out проводить

well-organized educational complex хорошо организованный

образовательный комплекс

research center научно-исследовательский центр

to possess обладать

wide range широкий спектр

resource источник

to teach обучать

yearly ежегодно

department/ faculty факультет

natural science естественные науки

humanities гуманитарные науки

Mechanical engineering машиностроение

Civil engineering гражданское строительство

power engineering энергетика

oil and gas нефть и газ

food industry пищевая промышленность

finance финансы

psychology психология

translator переводчик

chemistry-technological химико-технологический

associate professor доцент

candidate of sciences кандидат наук

corresponding member of ras член –корреспондент ран

to take pride in гордиться

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Вопросы к

1. Какие специальности есть в вашем университете?

2. Какие предметы вы изучаете?

3. С какими трудностями в учебе вы сталкиваетесь?

Тема III

УЧЕНЫЕ, ИЗОБРЕТАТЕЛИ И ИХ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ

SCIENTISTS, INVENTORS AND THEIR INVENTIONS

Теоретическая часть

science наука

invention изобретение

to discover открыть

to explore исследовать

to investigate изучать

research исследование

to carry out проводить

achievement достижение

to perform выполнять

to guide управлять

space космос

spaceship космический корабль

shuttle шатл

to create создавать

to connect связывать

to communicate общаться

digital цифровой

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Вопросы к

1. Когда изобрели телевидение?

2. Кто создал первый компьютер?

3. Как используется атомная энергия?

Тема IV

ЗАЩИТА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Теоретическая часть

environment окружающая среда

headline заголовок

earthquake землетрясение

flood наводнение

uninhabitable необитаемый

overpopulation перенаселение

consumption потребление

deforestation обезлесение

ozone depletion истощение озонового слоя

greenhouse effect парниковый эффект

industrial and nuclear waste промышленные и ядерные отходы

to poison отравлять

disease болезнь

species вид, род

to die out вымирать

to become extinct угасать, вымирать

disastrous чудовищный

disaster несчастье, беда

consequence последствие

the Mediterranean средиземное море

trend тенденция

acid rains кислотные дожди

global warming глобальное потепление

on the brink of extinction на грани исчезновения

to pollute загрязнять

to destroy the ozone layer разрушать озоновый слой

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

The poisoning of the world’s land, air and water is the fastest spreading disease of civilization. It probably produces fewer headlines than wars, earthquakes and floods, but it is potentially one of the history’s greatest dangers to human life on the earth. If present trends continue for the next several decades, our planet will become uninhabitable.

Overpopulation, pollution and energy consumption have created such planet-wide problems as massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and global warming that is believed to be caused by the greenhouse effect.

The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead, the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas.

Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, millions species which are alive today will have become extinct twenty years from now.

Air pollution is a very serious problem. Industrial enterprises emit tons of harmful substances into the atmosphere every day. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.

People from different countries are beginning to realize that environmental problems are not somebody else’s. They join and support various international organizations and green parties. If governments wake up what is happening perhaps, we’ll be able to avoid the disaster that threatens the world and all of us with it.

Задание 2.Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What is the fastest-spreading disease of civilization?

2. What problems have overpopulation, pollution and energy consumption created?

3. What will happen to our planet if present trends continue?

4. What is happening to the seas and rivers?

5. Why is air pollution a serious problem?

6. What were the tragic consequences of the Chernobyl disaster?

7. What are the main reasons of the greenhouse effect and acid rains?

8. What do people do to save our planet?

Вопросы к

1. Почему загрязнение воздуха является серьезной проблемой?

2. Каковы основные причины парникового эффекта?

3. Что делают люди, чтобы спасти планету?

Тема V

Теоретическая часть

to lie on находиться на

to be made up of smth состоять из чего-либо

an island neighbour островной сосед

to be occupied by быть занятым (чем-либо)

the remainder остаток

to be linked with быть связанным с (чем-либо)

highlands горы, гористая местность

a flat plain плоская равнина

lowlands низменность

a low range of hills низкая гряда гор

to extend out тянуться, простираться

a continental shelf континентальный шельф

shallow waters of the north sea мелководное северное море

an ocean current океаническое течение

to wash the shores омывать берега

to heat up нагреваться

to cool down охлаждаться

at the same latitude на той же широте

to conquer завоевать

an invader завоеватель

Angles англы

Saxons саксы

Jutes юты

Vikings викинги

Normans норманны

to wage a colonial war вести колониальную войну

an empire империя

to establish capitalism установить капитализм

machinery станки

electronics электроника

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, called for short the United Kingdom or the UK, lies on the Atlantic coast of Western Europe, separated from France by only 34 km (21 miles) of water. The names Great Britain and United Kingdom are now often used informally to mean the same thing. It is made up of three countries, England, Scotland and Wales. The UK refers to the political state that includes the countries of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The capital of the United Kingdom is London, in England. The capital of Wales is Cardiff, and the Scottish capital is at Edinburgh.

Great Britain’s largest island neighbour is Ireland. This is mainly occupied by the independent Republic of Ireland. The remainder is Northern Ireland which is a part of the United Kingdom. Many small islands are also linked with the United Kingdom.

Although a small island, Great Britain has a remarkable variety of landscapes. To the north and west are highlands – the mountains of Scotland, Cambria (the original Roman name for Wales) and Wales, and the Pennine Chain. To the east are flat plains, and in the south are lowlands broken by low ranges of hills. To the Southwest are the bleak moors of Devon and Cornwall.

The continent of Europe extends out below the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, in the form of a continental shelf. Great Britain is perched on this shelf, surrounded by the shallow waters of the North Sea, the Irish Sea and the English Channel.

A warm ocean current, the Gulf Stream, washes Britain’s western shores. This water heats up and cools down very slowly. Britain therefore enjoys warmer winters and cooler summers than other countries at the same latitude. The west of the island has a higher rainfall and slightly milder climate than the east.

Britain has been many centuries in the making. The Romans conquered Britain, but were unable to subdue the independent tribes in the west and the north. Other invaders were Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Vikings and Normans. England waged numerous colonial wars and was the empire for many centuries. England was the first country where capitalism was established.

Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. The powers of the British Queen are limited by the Parliament. Over time, the sovereign’s powers have been reduced and, though the present Queen is still head of state and Commander-in-chief of the armed forces, she “acts on the advice of her ministers”, and Britain is in practice governed by “Her Majesty’s Government”. The main role of the Queen is as a representative of Britain and the British people. She is a symbol of the unity of the nation beyond party politics. The British Parliament consists of the sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

Задание 2.Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Where does the UK lie?

2. What does the UK consist of?

3. What is Great Britain’s largest island neighbour?

4. What proves that Great Britain has a variety of landscapes?

5. How does the Gulf Stream influence Britain’s climate?

6. What is Britain’s history?

7. What are Britain’s chief industries?

8. What is Britain’s political system?

9. Does the Queen rule? What is the role of the British Queen in the country?

Вопросы к

1. Где находится Великобритания?

2. Из скольких частей состоит Великобритания?

3. Какая в Великобритании политическая система?

Тема VI

Теоретическая часть

to be /keep /feel /fit хорошо себя чувствовать, быть в форме

to develop one’s body развивать свое тело

to improve one’s carriage улучшать осанку

to build one’s confidence стать уверенным в себе

to go for a run делать пробежки, заняться бегом

to get a lot of exercise получать хорошую физическую нагрузку

to lift weights поднимать тяжести

a good way of relaxing хороший способ расслабиться

healthy way of life здоровый образ жизни

lifestyle стиль, образ жизни

to set a record установить рекорд

to break /beat/ a record побить рекорд

to compete соревноваться

competition соревнования

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Sports in Russia

Millions of people all over the world are fond of sports and games. Sport helps them to keep fit, healthy and makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities.

In our country much attention is paid to sport and healthy way of life. You can hardly find a school, college or University without a gym or a sports ground. Every city and town has a few stadiums, swimming pools and other public sports facilities, where thousands of people may devote their leisure time to outdoors and indoors games, athletics, swimming, skating and other sports and games. There are also a lot of keep-fit centers, where people of all ages enjoy training and going in for aerobics, yoga, body-building etc. They believe that physical fitness will help them not only to develop a strong and healthy body and improve their carriage but to build their confidence.

There are also many different sporting societies and clubs in Russia. Many of them take part in different international tournaments and are known all over the world. Russian sportsmen also participate in the Olympic Games and always win a lot of gold, silver and bronze medals.

Numerous national and international matches and competitions are regularly held in Russia. The most popular of them are hockey, football, tennis, boxing, figure-skating, weightlifting, track-and-field, basketball, volleyball. All these sports have their strong supporters and attract a lot of fun. Thousands of people go to the stadiums to support their favorite team and many thousands more prefer to watch the games on TV. But watching sport events and going for sports are two different things.

As for me I play in the University football team. So I simply have to keep fit. Once or twice a week I get up early in the morning and go for a run in the woods. It helps me to feel healthy and cheerful and stay in a good shape. Then I get a lot of exercise doing things I enjoy. I like water activities such as swimming and diving and never miss an opportunity to do it. Sport helps me to keep fit, achieve good results in study and be successful in life. It is also a good way of relaxing after a hard working day. So sport has become a life style for me.

I get as much exercise as possible. I play tennis, badminton and swim. I begin my day with morning exercises. Twice a week I go to the fitness club. It helps me not only to feel fit but also to make new friends and be happy.

Задание 2.Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Why is sport so important in our life?

2. Do you go in for sport or do you prefer to watch games on TV?

3. What is your favorite kind of sport?

4. What team are you a fan of?

5. Do you take part in competitions?

6. Try to convince another person that sport is necessary for his health. What would you say?

7. What sports and games are popular in Russia?

8. What do you think is the most dangerous /expensive/ tiring/ exciting sport?

9. What sports and games are the most popular among your friends and students?

10. What opportunities for sport and games do you have in the place where you live?

11. What kinds of sport facilities does your University have?

12. Why is it sometimes difficult to find time for going in for sports regularly?

13. What role do PT lessons play in your physical development?

14. What competitions are particularly exciting for you to watch and why?

15. What do you do to be healthy?

Вопросы к

1. Почему спорт важен в жизни?

2. Каким спортом вы занимаетесь?

3. Какой вид спорта наиболее популярен в России?

Тема VII

ПУТЕШЕСТВИЯ

TRAVELLING

Теоретическая часть

a deck палуба

to travel by ship путешествовать на корабле

a flight полет, рейс

to save time экономить время

to pitch a tent поставить палатку

to build an open fire развести костер

ruins руины

ancient древний

change of scene перемена обстановки

city-dweller горожанин

advantage преимущество

disadvantage недостаток

destination место назначения

Customs House таможня

duty-free не подлежащий обложению

таможенными пошлинами

currency exchange office пункт обмена валюты

border граница

go through the customs пройти таможенный досмотр

stay at the hotel остановиться, жить в гостинице

receptionist администратор

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Travelling

Almost all people like to spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene.

City dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea, or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun.

Most people enjoy going abroad for their holidays, and having the opportunity to stay in an interesting city or a seaside too If you speak foreign languages, you can make new friends, and get home some interesting souvenirs as presents'!

But before you can do that, you have to reach your destination, and that is often a problem! If you fly, then you may find that your flight has been delayed. Journeys by train can also be difficult, since trains are often crowded in the summer, and you might have to reserve a seat in advance. Whichever way you travel, you can have problems with your luggage, and it is often difficult to find good accommodation. Apart from this, you might not be able to afford the fare!

If we are fond of travelling we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we read about them in books and newspapers and see pictures of them on TV.

All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations. Different people prefer different means of travelling. Some people like to climb the mountains; others like to go by train with all modern accommodations and without peculiar adventures. However which ever tourism a man would like, any change of place and new impressions are useful. They prevent a man from getting old. Nowadays travelling has become a highly organized business. But there are some difficulties. If you want to see the beauty of the countryside you have to go hiking. It is travelling for pleasure. You don't think about the ticket, don't hurry up. You'll be pitching a tent and building an open fire and breathing in the fresh mountain air and enjoying picturesque surroundings. I think you'll enjoy every moment of this journey if you are not a comfort-lover.

There is no travel so fine as by ship. It is the most exciting experience to feel the deck of the ship under your feet, to watch the waves rising and falling, to feel the fresh sea wind blowing in your face.

It is a great saving of time travelling by air. You'll have speed, comfort and pleasure combined. When you get into the train you feel that holidays have really begun. You can see a lot by travelling in a train. But when the season is in full swing trains are usually crowded. So as they say " Tastes differ".

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. Are you fond of travelling?

2. Why do people take a camera with them?

3. What do we see and learn while travelling?

4. How do different people spend their holidays?

5. What means of travel do you know?

6. What places have you visited?

7. What countries would you like to visit?

Вопросы к

1. Как разные люди проводят свои каникулы?

2. Какие виды путешествия вы знаете?

3. Какие страны вы бы хотели посетить?

Тема VIII

ПРОБЛЕМЫ МОЛОДЕЖИ

YOUTH PROBLEMS

Теоретическая часть

fashionable модный

fight драка

murder убийство

violence жестокость, насилие

adult взрослый

to admit признавать

AIDS СПИД

drugs наркотики

poverty бедность

government правительство

survey опрос

criminal actions преступные действия

prison тюрьма

experience опыт

dependent зависимый

to force заставлять, принуждать

to be responsible for быть ответственным за

misunderstanding непонимание

to be indifferent to быть безразличным к

to get upset расстраиваться

to commit suicide совершать самоубийство

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Youth Problems

Today it is fashionable to speak about teenage problems. A few years ago alcohol, fights, murders and other kinds of violence were more problems of adults rather than young people.

But now, as official reports admit, violence, AIDS, drugs and alcohol are more and more associated with the young. For many children from poor families violence, drinking problems and all that is associated with poverty becomes more and more real.

The Government surveys show that every fifth teenager who was arrested for criminal actions, was younger than 14 and couldn't be sent to prison. Almost half of teenagers have an experience with drugs, alcohol and sex under the age of 16. A lot of teenagers who have drug or alcohol addiction almost never believe that they are dependent. These things are often combined with family and school problems.

What has gone wrong? Some specialists explain that the changes of our society, the system of our life force young people to choose their own lifestyle. On the one hand, our society agrees that 15-17-year-old people are old enough to be responsible for what they do and gives them quite a lot of freedom and rights. On the other hand, most adults think that teenagers are too young to be taken seriously. This misunderstanding has produced many problems. Actually, a lot of teenagers say that their parents let them do anything they want and are quite indifferent to their problems. Many teenagers get upset or depressed when they can't solve their problems. As a result, it makes them believe that there is only one way out - to stop living and commit suicide.

No doubt, the teens' problems will increase. And young people should feel that they are cared about.

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What problems are associated with the young people nowadays?

2. Are the same problems associated with poverty?

3. What do the Government surveys show?

4. How many teenagers have an experience with drugs, alcohol and sex under the age of 16?

5. Do teenagers having drug or alcohol addiction believe they are dependent?

6. What forces young people to choose their own lifestyle?

7. Do you agree with the statement that most parents are quite indifferent to their children’s problems?

8. Do your parents let you do anything you want?

9. What makes teenagers believe that there is only one way out - to stop living and commit suicide?

10. Do you think the teens' problems will increase?

11. Do you get depressed when you can't solve your problems?

Вопросы к

1. Какие подростковые проблемы вы считаете наиболее серьезными?

2. С какими проблемами приходилось сталкиваться вам или вашим друзьям?

3. Какой совет вы могли бы дать взрослым для решения проблемы непонимания, возникающего между детьми и родителями?

Тема IX

MASS MEDIA

Теоретическая часть

to denote обозначать

medium средство

message послание, сообщение

mass-circulation массовый тираж

duplication размножение, снятие копий

message board форум

podcast оцифрованная запись или

радиопередача, размещенная в

интернете

purpose цель

advocacy пропаганда

advertising реклама

entertainment развлечение

announcement объявление

public opinion общественное мнение

commuter пригородный пассажир

habit привычка

to resist сопротивляться

permanent постоянный

background noise фоновый шум

to interfere with препятствовать

owner владелец

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Mass media

Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a large audience. Marshall McLuhan, one of the biggest critics in media's history, brought up the idea that " the medium is the message". The term was coined in the 1920s with the advent of nationwide radio networks, mass-circulation newspapers and magazines. However, some forms of mass media such as books and manuscripts had already been in use for centuries.

During the 20th century, the growth of mass media was driven by technology, including that which allowed much duplication of material. Physical duplication technologies such as printing, record pressing and film duplication allowed the duplication of books, newspapers and movies at low prices to huge audiences. Radio and television allowed the electronic duplication of information for the first time.

Mass media include the Internet media like blogs, message boards, podcasts, and video sharing.

Mass media can be used for various purposes:

· Advocacy, both for business and social concerns. This can include advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations, and political communication.

· Entertainment, traditionally through performances of acting, music, and sports, along with light reading; since the late 20th century also through video and computer games.

· Public service announcements.

As sociologists say news is not what happens, it is what you see or read about in mass media. In other words, mass media play a very important role in organizing public opinion. Millions of people watch TV and read newspapers in their free time. Most of commuters can’t do without a newspaper on their way to work. Some people read newspapers or surf the Internet during the lunch break. TV also dominates our life. It is a habit which is impossible to resist. The radio is turned on most of the time, creating a permanent background noise. In fact it does not interfere with your activities. You can easily listen to the radio while doing homework, cooking or washing the dishes. It’s not a secret that some of the TV and radio stations are owned by big corporations, so the owners can advertise whatever they choose. Commercial firms have to buy TV and radio time to advertise their products. Thus most of the new inventions and technologies become popular and well known with the help of mass media.

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What term is used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a large audience?

2. When was the term coined?

3. What was the growth of mass media driven by?

4. What forms of mass media do you know?

5. What purposes can mass media be used for?

6. What allowed the electronic duplication of information for the first time?

7. Do you know any Internet media?

8. What is news according to sociologists?

9. What do people do in their free time?

10. Do commercial firms buy TV and radio time to advertise their products?

Вопросы к

1. Какие средства массовой информации вам известны?

2. Какие средства массовой информации наиболее популярны среди молодежи?

3. Какую роль играют средства массовой информации в формировании общественного мнения?

Тема X

ХОББИ

HOBBIES

Теоретическая часть

character характер

taste вкус

according по, согласно

to include включать

variety разнообразие

activity занятие

gardening садоводство

grown-up взрослый

computer games компьютерные игры

relatively относительно, сравнительно

drawing рисование

painting живопись

sculpture скульптура

to make sculpture заниматься скульптурой

handicraft рукоделие, ремесло

hobbyist любитель

saxophone саксофон

to collect собирать

stamp марка

coin монета

matchbox спичечный коробок

record пластинка

postcard почтовая открытка

value ценность

valuable ценный

to house помещать, размещать

in a small way понемногу

item предмет

a good deal много

rare редкий

private частный

to take pleasure in получать удовольствие от

opportunity возможность

to add добавлять

exciting увлекательный

aspect сторона, аспект

hobby-painter художник-любитель

pastime время провождение

to be subdivided into подразделяться на

to have no real value не иметь реальной ценности

world-famous всемирно известный

art object предмет искусства

wickerwork плетеные изделия

undertake предпринимать

recreation отдых

reward награда

pursuit увлечение

tinkering заниматься ремеслами

fulfillment реализация

dune buggy вездеход для езды по песку

hang glider дельтаплан

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Hobbies

A hobby is an activity or interest that is undertaken for pleasure or relaxation, typically done during one's leisure time.

A hobby horse is a wooden or wickerwork toy made to be ridden just like a real horse (which was sometimes called a " Hobby" ). From this came the expression " to ride one's hobby-horse", meaning " to follow a favorite pastime", and in turn, hobby in the modern sense of recreation.

Hobbies are practiced for interest and enjoyment, rather than financial reward. Examples include collecting, creative and artistic pursuits, making, tinkering, sports and adult education. Engaging in a hobby can lead to acquiring substantial skill, knowledge and experience. However, personal fulfillment is the aim.

Hobbies differ like tastes. If you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting. Hobbies are divided into four large classes: doing things, making things, collecting things and learning things. The most popular of all hobby groups is doing things. It includes a wide variety of activities, everything from gardening to traveling and from chess to volleyball.

Gardening is one of the oldest of man's hobbies. It is a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses.

Both grown-ups and children are fond of playing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but it is becoming more and more popular.

Making things includes drawing, painting, making sculpture, designing costumes, handicrafts. Two of the most famous hobby painters were President Eisenhower and Sir Winston Churchill. Some hobbyists write music or play musical instruments. President Bill Clinton, for example, plays the saxophone.

Almost everyone collects something at some period in his life: stamps, coins, match-boxes, records, postcards, toys, watches. Some collections have no real value. Others become so large and so valuable that they are housed in museums and galleries. Many world-famous collections started in a small way with one or two items. People with a good deal of money often collect paintings, rare books and other art objects. Often such private collections are given to museums, libraries and public galleries so that others might take pleasure in seeing them.

A " hobby" is usually something that a person does alone. But many American and British families like to do things together. They often spend a lot of money on their recreation. Many people enjoy their holidays somewhere in the country. National parks are very popular with most travelers. These magnificent areas of countryside include tropical forests, high mountains, dry deserts, long sandy coasts, grassy prairies and wooded mountains full of wild animals. There are camping places in the national parks as well as museums, boat trips and evening campfire meetings.

Americans really enjoy new " gadgets", especially new ways of travelling. In winter the woods are full of " snowmobiles" (cars with skis in the front). In summer they ride their " dune buggies" across the sands or take to the sky in hang gliders.

No matter what kind of hobby a person has, he always has the opportunity of learning from it. By reading about the things he is interested in, he is adding to what he knows. Learning things can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby.

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is hobby?

2. What hobbies do people have?

3. Tastes differ. Can you say the same about hobbies?

4. Have you chosen a hobby according to your character and taste?

5. The most popular hobby group is doing things, isn't it?

6. What do you know about gardening?

7. Do you like computer games?

8. Are you fond of making things?

9. Do you know any hobbies of the famous people?

10. Have you ever collected anything?

11. What can be collected?

12. Does a person usually do his hobby alone?

13. Do American families like doing things together?

14. Where do they enjoy their holiday?

15. What is your hobby?

16. What do your parents think about it?

17. Do you and your family like doing things together?

18. Do you travel together?

19. Are you a collector? What do you collect?

20. What is your friend's hobby?

21. Do hobbies help us in our life? Do they make it more interesting?

Вопросы к

1. Какие виды хобби вы знаете?

2. Чем вы увлекаетесь?

3. Каково происхождение слова «хобби»?

Список рекомендуемой литературы

Основная литература:

1. Полякова Т.Ю. и др. Английский язык для инженеров. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004.

2. Кубарьков Г.Л., Тимощук В.А. 1000. Сборник новых тем современного английского языка. – М.: ЗАО «БАО ПРЕСС», 2004.

Дополнительная литература:

1. Новый англо-русский словарь под ред. Мюллера В.К. – М.: Русский язык, 2000.

2. Della Summers. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Oxford University Press, 2001.

3. Murphy, Raymond. Essential Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

4. Pat Rogers. Oxford Dictionary of Abbreviations. Oxford University Press, 1996.

5. Jessie Coulson. The Oxford Russian Dictionary. Oxford University Press, 1997.

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ

по развитию навыков устной речи по дисциплине

«Английский язык»

для студентов специальностей

073000 (240901) «Прикладная математика»,

071900 (230201) «Информационные системы и технологии»,

075500 (090105) «Комплексное обеспечение информационной

безопасности автоматизированных систем»,

220200 (230102) «Автоматизированные системы

обработки информации и управления»,

351400 (010502) «Прикладная информатика»,

120100 (151001) «Технология машиностроения»,

150200 (190601) «Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство»,

240100 (190701) «Организация перевозок и

управление на транспорте»,

240100 (190702) «Организация и безопасность движения»,

100200 (140205) «Электроэнергетические системы и сети»,

100400 (140211) «Электроснабжение»,

151700 (140200) «Электроэнергетика»,

021100 (030501) «Юриспруденция»

Составители: Мартьянова Е.О., Морозова И., Пронякин Д.С.

Редактор:

Прикладная математика»,

Информационные системы и технологии»,

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