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Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии |
VII. Comment on the expression “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”. ⇐ ПредыдущаяСтр 9 из 9
Text № 2 I. Words to be learnt: to be connected with – быть связанным с Catholic country – католическая страна to decide – решать to divorce – развестись to refuse – отказать permission – разрешение the Anglican church – англиканская церковь to re-enter – снова войти, вернуться to relax – расслабляться II. Read the text and a) state the main idea of the text; b) prepare an oral summary of the text. RELIGION IN GREAT BRITAIN British religion used to be closely connected with kings, queens and politics. England was a Roman Catholic country until 1534. In 1525 King Henry VIII decided to divorce his queen, Catherine of Aragon, because he fell in love with Anne Boleyn. But when Henry asked the Pope for permission todivorce Catherine, he refused. Henry was so angry with the Pope that he ended all contact between England and Rome. He divorced Catherine of Aragon without the Pope's permission and married Anne Boleyn. In 1534 Parliament named Henry head of the Church of England. This was the beginning of the Anglican Church. The Anglican Church did not start as a Protestant Church and Henry certainly did not regard himself as a Protestant. However the Protestant movement in Europe was growing very strong at that time. When Henry quarreled with Rome and ordered the Bible to be translated into English, the way was open for Protestantism to spread in England. Over the next years many people changed to this new religion. In 1553 Mary, Henry's daughter by Catherine of Aragon, became Queen of England. The country re-entered the Roman Church, because she was a Roman Catholic. Protestants were glad when Mary died, because while she was Queen, many Protestants were burned for their beliefs. After Marry, Elizabeth became head of the Anglican Church and Roman Catholicism was never again the official religion in England. The Church of England is still the established church in England nowadays. But in spite of the great variety of forms of worship, only a minority of people regularly go to church in Britain today. Most people see Sunday more аs a day for relaxing with the family or for doing jobs around the house and the garden. Discussing questions: 1. Was England a Roman Catholic country until 1534? 2. Why did Henry decide to divorce the queen? 3. What was the beginning of the Anglican Church? 4. Were Protestants glad when Mary died? 5. What is the established church in England nowadays? Exercises to the text: I. Translate the words and words combinations from English into Russian. Build up your own sentences with them: To fall in love, to ask for permission, to be angry with, Protestant Church, to regard, to quarrel with, over the next years, to be burnt for beliefs, official religion, in spite of, forms of worship, to do jobs around the house. II. Choose the Russian equivalents to the English word combinations:
III. Find the missing words in the text: 1. British … used to be closely connected with kings, queens and politics. 2. Henry was so angry with the Pope that he ended all … between England and Rome. 3. The … Church did not start as a Protestant Church and Henry certainly did not regard himself as a …. 4. When Henry quarreled with … and ordered the … to be translated into English, the way was open for … to spread in England. 5. Protestants were glad when Mary died, because while she was …, many Protestants were burned for their ….
IV. Make up sentences:
V. Choose the right English equivalent to the words in brackets: 1. But when Henry asked the Pope for permission (разводиться) Catherine, he refused. a) to grow in number b) to divorce c) to multiply 2. In 1534 Parliament named Henry (глава) of the Church of England. a) head b) chapter c) rector 3. However the Protestant movement in Europe was growing very strong at that time. a) fluctuation b) migration c) movement 4. Over the next years many people changed to this new religion. a) cultus b) religion c) faith 5. But in spite of the great variety of forms of worship, only a minority of people regularly go to church in Britain today. a) systematic b) regularly c) periodical
VI. Translate the sentences from Russian into English: 1. Генрих развелся с женой без разрешения папы. 2. Протестантское движение становилось очень сильным в то время. 3. Когда Мария была королевой, много протестантов было сожжено на костре. 4. Церковь Англии всё ещё влиятельна в стране сегодня. 5. Британцев нельзя назвать религиозными людьми, так как, несмотря на большое разнообразие религиозных верований, только небольшое количество людей ходят в церковь.
Text № 3 I. Words to be learnt: to honour – в честь Samhain – Самхайн to mistake smb. for – принять кого-либо за to ward away – отпугивать to disguise – скрывать, переодеваться to slice – нарезать ломтиками spouse – супруг, супруга Snap Apple Night – ночь поедания яблок Nut Crack Night - ночь битья орехов
II. Read the text and a) write down a summarizing sentence for each paragraph; b) prepare an oral summary of the text on the basis of the above task.
ENGLISH HALLOWEEN CUSTOMS The celebration of All Saints Day or just Halloween takes place on October 31st. The tradition of Halloween began in the fifth century B.C. This day the Irish Celts celebrated their New Year at that time, because they organized their year according to the agricultural calendar and marked the transition from one year to the next on October 31. In the year 835 A. D. the Roman Catholic Church made November 1st a church holiday to honour all the saints. This day is called All Saint's Day. Since that time many years have passed. Some traditions are gone, new traditions appeared. The most known custom is the tradition of dressing. The tradition of dressing in costume for Halloween has both European and Celtic roots. Hundreds of years ago, winter was an uncertain and frightening time. Food supplies often ran low and, many people afraid of the dark, the short days of winter were full of constant worry. On Halloween, when it was believed that ghosts came back to the earthly world, people thought that they would encounter ghosts if they left their homes. To avoid being recognized by these ghosts, people would wear masks when they left their homes after dark so that the ghosts would mistake them for fellow spirits. On Halloween, people placed bowls of food outside their homes to appease the ghosts and prevent them from attempting to enter their home. Fire has always played an important part in Halloween. Fire was very important to the Celts as it was to all early people. In the old days people lit bonfires to ward away evil spirits and in some places they used to jump over the fire to bring good luck. Today, we light candles in pumpkin and then put them outside our homes to ward of evil spirits. Another tradition is Apple Bobbing. It has the roman origins. The Roman festival for remembering the dead was also in October. During this time, the Romans remembered their goddess, Pomona. She was the goddess of the trees and fruits, and when the Romans came to Britain, they began to hold these two festivals on the same day as Samhain. Apples probably became associated with Halloween because of this festival. Some people believe that, if you slice an apple through the equator (to reveal the five-pointed star within) and then eat it by candlelight before a mirror, your future spouse will appear over your shoulder. Trick or Treat was first known as Mischief Night. Halloween was a time for making mischief – many parts of England still recognize this date as Mischief Night – when children would knock on doors demanding a treat (Trick or Treat) and people would disguise themselves as witches or ghosts, in order to obtain food and money from nervous householders. Halloween was sometimes called Nut crack Night or Snap Apple Night in England. Families would sit by the fire and tell stories while they ate apples and nuts. Discussing questions: 1. When does Halloween take place? 2. When did the tradition of All Saints Day begin? 3. When did the Roman Catholic Church make November 1st the church holiday of All Saints? 4. What are the roots of tradition of dressing in costumes for Halloween? 5. Why did people wear masks and dress in costumes for Halloween? 6. Why do people light fire in Halloween? 7. What Halloween tradition do you know? 8. What is Apple Bobbing? 9. What people do on snap apple Night?
Exercises to the text: I. Translate the words and words combinations from English into Russian. Build up your own sentences with them: All Saints Day, Irish Celts, earthly world, to take place, according to, agricultural calendar, Roman Catholic Church, tradition of dressing, frightening time, food supplies, fellow spirits, to play an important part, evil spirits, goddess of the trees and fruits, early people, to ward away, nervous householders. II. Choose the Russian equivalents to the English word combinations:
III. Complete the beginning of the following sentences: 1. … because they organized their year according to the agricultural calendar and marked the transition from one year to the next on October 31. 2. … made November 1st a church holiday to honour all the saints. 3. … and, many people afraid of the dark, the short days of winter were full of constant worry. 4. … people would wear masks when they left their homes after dark so that the ghosts would mistake them for fellow spirits. 5. … to ward away evil spirits and in some places they used to jump over the fire to bring good luck.
IV. Ask questions to the underlined words: 1. The celebration of All Saints Day or just Halloween takes place on October 31st. 2. The most known custom is the tradition of dressing. 3. Hundreds of years ago, winter was an uncertain and frightening time. 4. On Halloween, people placed bowls of food outside their homes to appease the ghosts and prevent them from attempting to enter their home. 5. Fire has always played an important part in Halloween.
V. Confirm or rebut the following statements: 1. The tradition of Halloween began in the fifth century A.D. 2. The tradition of dressing in costume for Halloween has both American and Celtic roots. 3. Fire was very important to the Celts as it was to all early people. 4. Apple Bobbing has the roman origins. 5. Halloween was a time for making mischief – many parts of England still recognize this date as Mischief Night – when children would knock on doors demanding a treat (Trick or Treat) and grandparents would disguise themselves as witches or ghosts, in order to obtain food and money from nervous housewives.
VI. Choose the right English equivalent to the words in brackets: 1. Families would sit by the fire and (рассказывать истории) while they ate apples and nuts. a) to historify b) to yarn c) to tell stories 2. Apples probably (становиться) associated with Halloween because of this festival. a) to become b) to go c) to plant oneself 3. During this time, the Romans remembered their (богиня), Pomona. a) theomachist b) goddess c) queen
4. Since that time many years (проходить). a) to cross b) to go c) to pass 5. They organized their year according to the agricultural calendar and marked the transition from one year to the next on October 31. a) to organize b) to establish c) to manage
VI. Translate the sentences from Russian into English: 1. Празднование Дня всех святых проходит 31 октября. 2. Самая известная традиция – традиция переодевания имеет как английские, так и кельтские корни. 3. Существовало поверье, что на Хэллоуин в земной мир возвращались духи, поэтому, когда люди выходили из дому, они надевали маски. 4. Хэллоуин был временем для шалостей – ночь шалостей, время, когда дети стучат в двери и требуют угощения. 5. Как празднуют Хэллоуин в нашей стране?
Literature
1. Барановская Т.В. Грамматика английского языка. Сборник упражнений / Т.В. Барановская. – Киев: ООО «ИП ЛОГОС-М», 2009. – 384 с. 2. Блох М.Я. Практикум по английскому языку: грамматика. Сборник упражнений: учебное пособие для вузов / М.Я. Блох, А.Я. Лебедева, В.С. Денисова. – М.: Астрель: АСТ, 2005. – 238 с. 3. Бонк Н.А. Учебник английского языка / Н.А. Бонк. – К.: Издательство Арий, 2007. – 640 с. 4. Волкова О.Ю. Усі розмовні теми. English / О.Ю. Волкова. – Х.: Торсінг плюс, 2011. – 608 с. 5. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений /Ю.Б. Голицынский – М.: КАРО, 2006. – 544 с. 6. Качалова К.Н. Практическая грамматика английского языка / К.Н. Качалова, Е.Е. Израилевич. – К.: Методика, 2008 г. – 368 с. 7. Кубарьков Г.Л. 1000. Сборник новых тем современного английского языка / Г.Л. Кубарьов. – Донецк: ООО ПКФ «БАО», 2008. – 1184 с. 8. Мердок-Штерн. Улучшите вашу грамматику / Мердок-Штерн. – М.: АСТ: АСТ МОСКВА, 2010. – 126 с. 9. Петрова С. Сборник упражнений / С. Петрова. – М.: ФСТ; Харьков: Торсинг, 2006. – 122 с.
Словари и справочники 1. Каменский С.И. Русско-английский словарь-справочник для инженеров / С.И. Каменский. – Киев, 2002. – 543 с. 2. Лысенко В.О. Современный англо-русский морской-технический словарь / В.О. Лысенко. – К.: ТОВ «ВП Логос», 2004. – 608 с. 3. Мюллер В.К. Новый англо-русский словарь / В.К. Мюллер. – М.: Рус. яз., 2002. – 880 с. 4. Мюллер В.К. Большой русско-английский словарь в новой редакции: 210 000 слов, словосочетаний, идиоматических выражений, пословиц и поговорок / В.К. Мюллер. – М.: Цитадель-трейд: РИПОЛ КЛАССИК, 2007. – 816 с. 5. Романов С.Д. Большой современный англо-русский русско-английский словарь-справочник: 80 000 слов и выражений современного английского языка / С.Д. Романов. – Донецк: ООО ПКФ «БАО», 2006. – 512 с. 6. Современный англо-русский политехнический словарь / сост. В.В. Бутник. – М.: Вече, 2006. – 512 с.
© Анна Александровна Заболотная МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ к практическим занятиям и по самостоятельной работе для студентов 1 курса технологического факультета Популярное:
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