Match the two parts of the sentences.

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1. The White House is... the residence of the US Military department.

2. The Library of Congress... 1790.

contains... the official residence of the US President.

3. Since 1800 Washington D. С... a big white dome standing on a circle of pillars.

has been... more than 13 million books, more than 19

4. Washington was named after million manuscripts, including the personal papers

5. The Capitol has of the US presidents.

6. Pentagon is... long wide avenues, gardens, beautiful parks and

7. Washington D. С has no skyscrapers at all.

8. Washington D. С was... the first US president George Washington.

founded in... the Federal capital.

Put in the missing words according to the text.

1. The 535 members of the Congress meet here to discuss the nation's...

2. Pentagon is situated in the... to the south of the Potomac.

3. There are many museums, theatres, ..., five universities, the National

Academy of Science and the Library of Congress there.

4. The Capitol is... building, full of... and statues.

5. Washington D. C. has long wide... gardens, beautiful parks and no... at all.

6. Washington is situated on... in the District of Columbia.

7. The Library of Congress contains more than 13 million books, more than 19

million.... including the personal... of the US presidents.

8. The Capitol has a big white... standing on a circle of....

Choose the correct verb for each blank

is, meet, has been, is situated, selected, contains, has designed, was built.

1. The White House... in 1799.

2. Pentagon... in the suburbs to the south of the Potomac.

3. Since 1800 Washington D. С... the federal capital.

4. The French engineer, Pierre L'Enfant, ... Washington D. С

5. The Capitol... a big white dome standing on a circle of pillars.

6. The Library of Congress... more than 13 mil lion books, more than 19 million manuscripts, including the personal papers of the US presidents.

7. George Washington... the place for the capital.

8. The 535 members of the Congress... here to discuss the nation's affairs.

9. Pentagon... the residence of the US Military department.

Read and learn the dialogues by heart. Then act them out.

Dialogue 1.

- Well, Donald, could you do me a favour?

- Yes, what is it, Ronald?

- I know you have been living in Washington for about five years. You must

know it very well. Could you tell me something about the capital of the

USA?

- With great pleasure, Ronald. George Washington, the first President of the

USA, after whom the city was named se lected the area for the capital. A hundred

square miles were taken from the states of Maryland and Virginia. It was called

the District of Columbia (D.C.).

- Is the city well planned?

- Yes, it is. The city is divided into four sections: NW (north-west), NE

(north-east), SW (south-west) and SE (south-east). Numbered streets run north

and south: First Street, Second Street... Lettered streets such as A-street, B-

street run east and west.

- I'll try to remember it.

- Bear it in mind that every section has an independent street division. If you

are looking for Third Street, you should know in what section of the city it is.

- What's the heart of Washington?

- The Capitol is. All the tourists begin sightseeing from the Capitol and see the

Senate Chamber, the Representative Hall, the Statuary Hall and so on.

- Are there any monuments in the city?

- Of course. The Washington Monument which is 555 feet tall is called

" Pencil" because of its shape. It is three blocks south of the White House. There is an

elevator which will carry you to 500 foot level observation windows. You should

also see the Lincoln memorial which is west of the Washington

monument and the Jefferson memorial which is south of the

Washington monument near the Potomac river.

- I'll follow your advice. I hear the Library of Congress is worth seeing.

- That's right. It contains millions of books and manuscripts. Are

you interested in churches and cathedrals?

- Yes, I am.

- You should see the Washington Cathedral in Massachusetts

Avenue, the Arlington National Cemetery which is outside the city limits. John

F.Kennedy was buried there. The famous Tomb of the Unknowns is worth seeing too.

Dialogue 2.

Alice: Hi! Glad to meet you. You look wonderful.

Mary: Hi! Thanks.

Alice: Had good holidays?

Mary: Yes, I travelled about the USA.

Alice: Oh? What was it like?

Mary: It was great!

Alice: What cities did you visit?

Mary: A lot. New York, Los Angeles, San-Francisco and Washington.

Alice: You are lucky! I'm going to Washington next holidays, too. What would

you advise me to see in Washington in the first place?

Mary: Oh! Washington is one of the most beautiful and unusual cities in the

United States.

Alice: Unusual! Why?

Mary: First, it's the capital of the country. Washington is very green and you can

hardly find a park, a square or an open area in Washington without a monument or a

memorial.

Alice: I see. I'm looking forward to my holidays and visiting Washington.

РоссийскаяФедерация. The Russian Federation

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one seventh of the earth’s surface. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometers. The country is washed by 12 seas of 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Byelorussia, and the Ukraine. It also has a sea border with the USA. There is hardly a country in the world where such a variety of scenery and vegetation can be found. We have steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There are two great plains in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia. There are over two million rivers in Russia. Europe’s biggest river, the Volga, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers – the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena – flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean. Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world’s deepest lake (1.600 meters) is Lake Baikal. It is much smaller than the Baltic Sea, but there is much more water in it than in the Baltic Sea. The water in the lake is so clear that if you look down you can count the stones on the bottom. Russia has one-sixth of the world’s forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East. On the vast territory of the country there are various of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle of the country the climate is temperate and continental. Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources. Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of State is the President. The legislative powers are exercised by the Duma. The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial center. It is one of the oldest Russian cities. At present, the political and economic situation in the country is rather complicated. There are a lot of problems in the national economy of the Russian Federation. The industrial production is decreasing. The prices are constantly rising, the rate of inflation is very high. People are losing their jobs because many factories and plants are going bankrupt. But in spite of the problems Russia is facing at present, there are a lot of opportunities for this country to become one of the leading countries in the world. I’m sure that we, the younger generation, can do very much to make Russia as strong and powerful as in used to be.

Answer the questions.

1. How much the Earth’s surface does our country occupy?

2. How many seas and oceans is Russia washed by?

3. What are there several mountain chains on the territory of the country?

4. How many rivers are there in Russia?

5. What is Europe’s biggest river?

6. What is the world’s deepest lake? How much is it?

7. What can you say about Russian government?

8. What mineral resources is Russia very rich?

9. What is the political and economic situation in the country today?

10. Can this country to become one of the leading countries in the world?

Moscow

Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia. It is also the capital of Moscow Oblast, and it stands on the Moskva River. Moscow is the economic, political and cultural centre of Russia. Railways and numerous airlines link the city with all parts of Russia. Navigable waterways, including the Moscow Canal, Moskva River, and Volga-Don Canal, make the port areas of the city directly accessible to shipping from the Baltic, White, Black, and Caspian seas and the Sea of Azov.

Moscow covers an area of about 880 sq. km. Concentric boulevards divide the city into several sections. At the centre of the concentric circles (and semicircles) are the Kremlin, the former governmental seat of Russia, and adjacent Red Square, which form the centre of a radial street pattern. Moscow has a modern underground system famous for its marble-walled stations.

Situated on the north bank of the Moskva River, the Kremlin is the dominant landmark of Moscow. A stone wall, up to 21 m in height and 19 towers, surrounds this triangular complex of former palaces, cathedrals, and other monuments of tsarist times, some of them dating from the Middle Ages. The Great Kremlin Palace, completed in 1849, is the most imposing structure within the Kremlin. Other notable Kremlin palaces are the Granovitaya Palace (1491) and the Terem (1636).

Among many cathedrals, now used mainly as museums, are the Cathedral of the Assumption (Успения) and the Archangel Cathedral, each with five gilded domes, and the Cathedral of the Annunciation (Благовещения) (13^th – 14^th century), with nine gilded domes. Another landmark of the Kremlin is the Tower of Ivan the Great, a bell tower 98 m high. On a nearby pedestal is the Tsar's Bell (nearly 200 tons), one of the largest in the world. A recent addition to the Kremlin is the Palace of Congresses, completed in 1961. In this huge modern building were held meetings of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and congresses of the Communist party of the Soviet Union; theatrical and other artistic performances have been held here as well.

St. Basily’s Cathedral, famous for its unique architecture and coloured domes, stands at one end of Red Square.

One of the best-known sections of Moscow is the Kitaigorod (Chinese City), the ancient commercial quarter lying to the east of the Kremlin. This section is now the site of many government office buildings.

Other points of interest in Moscow include the Central Lenin Stadium, comprising about 130 buildings for various sports and the tall Ostankino TV tower, which contains a revolving restaurant and an observation platform.

Answer the questions.

1. What is Moscow famous for besides that it is the capital of Russian Federation?

2. How is Moscow divided into sections?

3. What is known about Moscow Underground system?

4. What are the places of interest in Moscow?

5. What is Palace of Congresses used for at present time?

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