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Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии |
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Архитектура Аудит Военная наука Иностранные языки Медицина Металлургия Метрология Образование Политология Производство Психология Стандартизация Технологии |
Sagittarius (22 .11-21.12) Стрелец
Cheerful, optimistic, talkative, living dangerously. Capricorn (22.12-19.01 ) Козерог Sensible, organized, polite, serious, but conservative. XI*. Writing: What are your stars telling you?
UNIT VI SHOPPING I. Read the text and answer the questions. SHOPPING If I have to buy something, I can go either to a market, or to a shop. Both shops and markets have their own advantages. At a market one can easily get whatever he wants without wandering from one place to another. It is very convenient and saves you a lot of time. But on the other hand, markets are sometimes dirty and one can never be sure of the goods he has bought are of supreme quality. That’s the reason why I prefer shops to markets, especially that recently there appeared a lot of supermarkets 1, where one can find any food he needs. As for clothes, books, china, you can find them all at a department store. When one comes to a shop, he should come up to a counter and choose whatever he wants to buy. He can also consult the shop assistant to make the right choice. Then the customer goes to the cash desk and pays for what he buys. But apart from department stores and supermarkets there exist a lot of small shops that specialize in selling just a few kinds of goods. The grocer’s is a place where one can buy flour, sugar and goods in cans. If you need some fruit or vegetables, you can get them at the greengrocer’s. My favourite shop is the confectioner’s, because it’s the place where all kinds of sweet and tasty things are sold, such as sweets, cakes, tarts and other things. A confectionery is often located in the same building with the baker’s, where the customers are offered a great variety of bread and buns. If you need any meat, fish or poultry for your dinner, you should go to the butcher’s, fishmonger’s or poultry’s. Our house is situated within easy reach of shops and I know all of them because it’s me who does the shopping in our family. A shoe shop, dress shop, draper’s, stationer’s and bookshops are just at a stone’s throw (ид. рукой подать) from our place. As for china and furniture shops, watchmaker’s and jeweller’s, we have to go there by bus. But these are shops that we very seldom go to. [1] At the supermarket: meat section fish section fruit and vegetable section bakery section grocery section drinks section confectionary section dairy products section freezes section ready prepared food counter(если в секции есть продавец) aisle you take or pick up
1. Answer the questions: 1) How often do you go shopping? 2) Who does the shopping in your family? 3) Do you like shopping? Why? Why not? 4) What shops do you prefer?
2. What do you call: 1) a person whose job is to receive or pay out money in a shop; 2) the desk in a shop where you pay; 3) a shop where you can buy medicines, beauty products ets; II. Fill in the blanks: 1. At a … one can easily get whatever he wants. 2. Recently there appeared a lot of … where one can easily find any food he needs. 3. As for clothes, books, china, you can find them all at a …… 4. You can consult the … to make the right choice. 5. The … is a place where one can buy flour, sugar and goods in cans. 6. If you need some fruit or vegetables, you can get them at the …. 7. My favourite shop is a …, because it’s the place where all kinds of sweet and tasty things are sold. 8. At the … the customers are offered a great variety of bread and buns. 9. If you need any meat you should go to the…. 10. If you need fish or poultry for dinner you should go to … or …. III. Match the kinds of places where you can buy things with their definitions. 1. market 2. department store 3. shopping centre 4. supermarket a) a large shop divided into smaller parts, in each of which different types of goods are sold. b) a large shop selling mainly food where one serves oneself. c) a group of shops of different kinds, planned and built as a whole. d) an open place where people meet to buy and sell goods and foods. IV. Say at what shops you can buy the following: Sugar and tea, bread, buns and rolls; meat; fish; fruit and vegetables; chicken; sweets and chocolate; coffee, milk, sour cream and butter; some beef and pork or mutton; half a duck; a loaf of brown bread; a bar of chocolate, a water-melon or pears. V. Work on the dialogues: 1. A. Good morning. I’m looking for a CD player. B. They are over there by the window. A. Where can I pay? B. At the checkout.
2. A. Can I help you? B. Yes, please. I’m looking for a pullover for myself. A. Pullovers are over there. How do you like this one? B. I like it. How much is it? A. It’s $40. Do you want to try it on? B. Yes, certainly. A. The fitting rooms are over there.
3. A. Добрый день! Вам помочь? B. Yes, please.I am looking for a warm sweater. A. Свитера в середине зала. Я могу показать их вам. Какой цвет Вы бы хотели? B. Light blue or green. A. Как Вам нравится вот этот? B. It’s not bad. Do you have it in my size? A. Да, вот, пожалуйста. B. Good. I think I will take it. VI. Be ready to talk on the following topics. 1. Your visit to a supermarket. 2. Describe a department store. 3. Say why you prefer to buy your things ready-made (or have them made to measure). 4. Say what it is considered good or poor taste in dress. 5. Speak about a holiday rush in shops. VII. Open dialogue: A. Are you being attended, Madam? Can I help you? B.......... A. We’ve got a rich choice of woolen suits of all shades. Will you try this one? B.......... A. Certainly. Here it is. Try it on. This way, please. Here is the fitting-room. B. ……. A. You may pay here. Thank you. Come again.
VIII. Read the text and answer the questions. CLOTHES AND FASHION Clothes are very important in the life of people. They cover almost the whole of the body, sometimes including the face. In ancient times, though, the purpose of clothing was not the same as it became later. Ancient people used clothes to protect themselves from cold, heat and rain. Fashion appears and disappears rather quickly. Yet some people do their best to follow it, thinking that fashionable clothes are sure to be beautiful. Others, on the contrary, believe that suitability is the principle to be followed if you want to be well dressed. 1. What do clothes mean for people today? 2. What has been the main tendency in the history of clothes? 3. What do we expect from clothes today? 4. Are clothes different from country to country? 5. What do you think about different points of view on fashion? IX*. Read and learn the dialogue. Assistant: Do you like this dress, madam? Lady: I like the colour very much. It’s a lovely dress, but it’s too small for me. Assistant: What about this one? It’s a lovely dress. It’s very smart. Short skirts are in fashion now. Would you like to try it? Lady: All right. I’m afraid this green dress is too small for me as well. It’s smaller than the blue one. I don’t like the colour either. It doesn’t suit me at all. I think the blue one is prettier. Could you show me another blue dress? I want a dress like that one, but it must be my size. Assistant: I’m afraid I haven’t got a larger dress. This is the largest in the shop. X*. Read and discuss the dialogue: SHOP TILL YOU DROP. Mum: Now, we need some bars of……… Billy: Chocolate? Mum: No, soap. And a few tins of………. Billy: Lemonade? Coke? Mum: Soup. Nice Healthy soup. Billy: Can we have some cans too? Mum: Very funny. They’re the same thing. Now, I also want a big packet of.. Billy: Chocolate biscuits? Mum: No, washing powder, and a tube of toothpaste. Billy: Mum, you’re no fun at all! XI*. Supplementary reading. Read the following and make a guess. Jane works at a shop selling records. One afternoon a middle-aged woman hurriedly entered the shop and asked for a record. Unfortunately, she did not remember the title of the record, but she thought she could easily recognize the music if Jane played that record for her. Jane tried carefully to explain to her that it would take too much time to play all the records they had. The customer said that she had heard it in the morning over the radio and that the song was from the play about a girl who spoke English so badly at first that it was even shocking to listen to her and then she learnt to speak very well. Jane easily recognized the play and gave the customer the needed record. XII*. What do you do or say if: 1. You want to buy some meat or fish; 2. You find out you haven’t any bread left; 3. You want to know the price of a certain thing; 4. You need a new coat (or shoes etc.); 5. You are shown a dress that isn’t your size; 6. You can’t buy the thing because it’s too expensive; XIII*. Roleplay: Your are having a N.Y (New York) shopping. Your friend is ready to help. You can choose from the following: 1. boutique 5. department store 9. supermarket 2. mobile shop 6. shopping arcade 10. stall 3. kiosk 7. shopping precinct 11. store 4. market 8. shopping centre XIV*. Writing: What is more preferable for you - shopping or browsing and why. UNIT VII Eating out I. Read and translate the text: Last week we decided to visit a small Italian restaurant. The “Las Tappes” is newly opened and is situated right in the centre and we had heard several favourable comments about it. Although we had not booked earlier we managed to get a nice table near the window. The menu was limited to a variety of national dishes, although the choice of items was rather extensive. We started with salads. My wife chose Greek salad with feta cheese and olives, and I preferred village salad which was actually tomatoes and onion dressed with oil. The vegetables were fresh and came in big portions. I also added some balsamico whish a special Italian vinegar. For the main course I ordered pasta with sea products which was speciality of the day. Although the quality of prawns and mussels was good, they seemed to be a little underdone. My wife chose grilled shrimps which came with generous spinet helping. We had two glasses of white wine. We preferred house wine although the wine list included French, Italian and Spanish bottled table wine. There was no still mineral water so we refused to take sparkling instead. The bill including coffee and service came to £ 50. Generally the dinner was satisfactory and reasonably priced. II. Answer the questions: 1. Was the table booked in advance? 2. What salads did the author take? 3. What did the Greek salad include? 4. What is balsamico? 5. Was the author satisfied with pasta? Why? 6. What did the couple drink? 7. What was included in the bill? 8. What was the general opinion about the restaurant? III. Fill in the blanks with the words best suited to the context: 1 dish – course Ø The second … was grilled fish with chips. Ø There was a big … with vegetables in the center of the table. 2. cuisine (кухня) – kitchen Ø The chef left the … to welcome the guests of the restaurant. Ø French … is considered to be delicious. 3. lettuce – salad Ø You can hardly imagine vegetable … made without cucumbers and …. 4. pig – pork Ø It is fashionable nowadays to have … as a pet at home. Ø Vegetarians don’t eat …. IV. Try to guess what these dishes may contain:
IV. Study the menu: The OLD MILL Romantic atmosphere of an old village house. Wooden tables and rural decoration will create the impression of an old and hospitable country house. For reservation
Answer the questions: 1. Why is a cup of soup cheaper than a bowl? 2. How much is the cheapest salad? 3. What is vegetable salad dressed with? 4. What is French meat served with? 5. How is chicken cooked? 6. What kinds of tea are suggested in the menu? 7. Is there a big choice of desserts? 8. Which main course comes with something instead of salad? 9. How can you find out about wines served here? V. Make up dialogues using the following situations: Ø You would like to get general information about the restaurant Ø You call the restaurant to book the table Ø You are a little bit hungry and would like to have a light snack; discuss the possibilities with the waiter Ø You want to have a dinner; consult the waiter Ø You would like some meat but don’t want potatoes Ø You would like a cup of coffee and a dessert VII*.Roleplay You are going to celebrate a birthday party at a restaurant; think of a menu, time and place: q You would like to invite your girlfriend/boyfriend q You would like to invite your parents q You would like to invite a lot of friends VIII*. Writing: a menu for a party. UNIT VIII HEALTHY WAY OF LIFE. I. The Text. The fitness problems of the past decades led to a big rise in the numbers of people participating in sports and outdoor activities. Those who pursue the latest fitness fashion are convinced that staying in good physical form requires much more than regular exercise and balanced meals. For anyone who really wants to be healthy, fitness has become an integral part of their lives. A lot of health and fitness clubs, and public leisure centres that were created in many countries indicate the popularity of sports during the past thirty years. These centres with their swimming pools, sunshine beaches, water slides, and tropical plants and gyms are very popular with the people. Families can spend their holidays at huge indoor water parks. In such places everybody have much fun. There are many opportunities for keeping fit. First of all it is necessary to do exercises. People of different ages can design exercises that will fit them. Running, jumping, swimming, bending and stretching are among the most popular exercises. II. Nowadays people want to be strong and healthy. What about you? If you want to keep fit remember the rules: Good Rules to Remember: 1. Get up early and go to bed early to keep fit. 2. Take regular exercises to keep fit. 3. Take a cool/cold shower to keep fit. 4. Eat healthy food to keep fit. 5. Never smoke to keep fit. 6. What about fresh air? Suggest your own rules. III. Learn the dialogues: Liz: You look terrible! What's the matter? Polly: I atetoo many cookies last night. Liz: How many cookies did you eat? Polly: I ate so many cookies that I'm never going to eat a cookie again. (I = Interviewer; B = Barbara) I: Do you think you're a relaxed person? B: Yes, I think so. I: Do you ever do any physical exercise? B: Yes, I go to the gym two or three times a week and I sometimes walk to work. I: And how do you relax in the evenings? B: I have a glass of wine and watch television. (I = Interviewer, R = Robert) I: Do you think you're a relaxed person? R: I don't know. I: How do you relax when you are not working? R: Well, I go for a walk in the park now and again. I often read in the evening. I like reading, but I'm so tired after work that I frequently fall asleep with a book in my hands and the light on. (I = Interviewer; P = Peter) I: Do you think you're a healthy person? P: Oh, yes, definitely. I never drink tea or coffee, I drink two glasses of milk every morning and a cup of hot water in the evening. I go running every morning before work and I spend at least 10 minutes alone in a quiet room when I get home in the evening. Then I float in the bath for about 20 minutes. I: What does your wife think about that? P: Oh, she thinks I'm mad. (I = Interviewer; JC = Jane Couch) I: Were you interested in sport at school? JC: No, I wasn't even fit or anything. I used to smoke. I used to drink. Didn't eat very well, and this has just changed my life. I: How long did it take you to get fit? JC: It took me, I'd say, to get to the level that I'm at, it took me... about two years. IV. Eating the Healthy Food If you feel fat, your body is trying to tell you something: lose weight. You can get to your ideal weight and stay at your ideal weight - and be and feel healthy - and enjoy food. Perhaps you're a diet expert, you've tried everything and your weight has gone up and down like a yo-yo. Or maybe you've never been on a diet before, now you need to lose some weight but are confused by the conflicting advice when you flick through diet books and magazines. Or perhaps you're interested in your family's health and their weight and you want to understand about healthy food as well as slimming food. No one can claim we know all there is to know about healthy eating as there are still gaps in our knowledge. But the healthiest diet - the one which most reduces the risk of a wide range of diseases - is also the safest and most effective one to return you to your ideal weight and keep you there. This is good news after all; everyone wants to be slim and healthy, not thin and ill. Don't be fatalistic about being fat: it may be harder for you than for others, but if you want to be slim, and commit yourself to it, then you will succeed. If you cut down the amount of fat you eat, you will take in fewer calories. If you cut down the amount of sugar you eat, you will take in fewer calories. If you increase the amount of fibre you eat, you will be able to cut down fat and sugar without feeling hungry. If you increase your amount of physical activity, you will burn up more calories. If you follow these principles, you will lose weight. You are in charge of your own body, your own health, and your own life. If you feel fat, your body is trying to tell you something: lose weight. V. Answer the questions: 1. Who does the writer think should read his book? 2. How can people lose weight while eating as much food as they are eating now? 3. What kind of diet is the healthiest, according to the text? 4. How can being overweight be explained? 5. What two ways are indicated of cutting down on calories? 6. Why is fibre useful in a diet? VI. Roleplay. Work in pairs. Interview your partner and find out: · what he/she does to keep fit · what he/she does when he/she falls ill · how often he/she calls the doctor in or goes to the doctor · if he/she goes in for sports · what kinds of sports he/she prefers · how much time he/she spends watching TV VII*.To Be or Not to Be... A Veggie FOR AND AGAINST Peter. Some people still believe that you can't live without meat. But modern scientific research shows that all the nutrients (питательные вещества) we need for a healthy life can lie round in plants. Ann. My family and I are vegetarians — we don't eat meat. We eat lots of vegetables, fruit and nuts. Sometimes we eat a few eggs or a little cheese but we never eat any meat. I think that being a veggie is good for health. Kate. The thought of eating a dead animal actually makes me sick. Mary. I don't think it's necessary to kill to eat. It's cruel to let animals suffer so much. Simon. Why is killing an animal different from killing a human? Christopher. If you went to see how animals are killed, you wouldn't eat meat. Natasha. Animals don't wish to be killed and would like to enjoy life to the full, just as any human would. Killing animals is a crime. John. I'll never become a vegetarian. I love fast food, so I eat lots of hot-dogs and hamburgers. Andrew. Vegetarianism is silly. You can't live forever on cucumbers and apples, can you? Paul. Organic foods are full of pesticides. What's the use of becoming a veggie? Lena. I don't really care if I eat meat or not, but my parents say I must. Ivan. Our grandparents and great grand-parents and great-great grandparents ate meat and were happy. So why should I become a veggie? Olga. It's stupid to say everybody must be a vegetarian. In some places, it's very difficult to get enough to eat. People have to eat what they can get. Stephen. You never see a tiger or a lion feeling sorry for its victim, do you? Michael. People should eat both meat and plants. This is how it has always been, and will be in the future for all living things. VIII*. Some people live long lives and feel really well, some people suffer from illnesses. What helps a person to keep fit and to remain healthy? You know some rules already. Read the dialogue and discuss what people should/shouldn't do to keep fit. Make some mini-dialogues from the following one. David: Hi, Steve. You look fantastic! I have not seen you for a long time and you haven't changed a bit. You really look healthy. Steve: I guess I do. I hardly ever get a cold, maybe once in 2 or 3 years and that's all about my illnesses. I never suffer from anything. David: No headaches, backaches, pains in the stomach? Steve (laughs): No, and my legs don't hurt and myarms don't hurt either. David: Do you think that's because of your diet or the exercises you do? Steve: Oh, I don't know. I mean I like food, and I think I eat healthy food—fruit, vegetables, lots of salad. But I also enjoy fried food, meat, and fish. And I like dairy products – milk, cream, sour cream, and cottage cheese. I eat breadand I’m fond of pancakes. Infact, I like neither bitter nor sweet things. So, as you see, I can't say I keep to a diet. David: No, definitely not. Do you take regular exercise? Steve: Not enough I think. My work keeps me busy. In summer I play volleyball, swim and ride a bicycle. Last summer I tried to ride a horse. David: Do you go in for any winter sports? Steve: Not really. I mean I walk a lot. But no jogging or playing indoor games. So that's the exercise I do. By the way I don't smoke and never drink alcohol, only soft drinks.
IX. Writing. What do you do to be healthy? Приложение 1 Unit 1 University Life May I introduce myself – My name’s… Разрешите представиться. Меня зовут…. Where are you from? – I’m from... Откуда вы? Я из…. Where do you come from? – I come from... Откуда вы? Я из… I was born on the 13th of December. I’m 18. Я родился 13 декабря. Мне 18 лет. What year are you in? – I’m a first / second year student. На каком вы курсе? Я первокурсник/второкурсник. I study at St. Petersburg State Transport University Я учусь в Петербургском государственном университете путей сообщения.
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