Read and translate the information about different genres of painting.

Genres of painting

Cubism was a 20th century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. The first branch of cubism, known as Analytic Cubism, was both radical and influential as a short but highly significant art movement between 1907 and 1911 in France. In its second phase, Synthetic Cubism, the movement spread and remained vital until around 1919, when the Surrealist movement gained popularity.

In cubist artworks, objects are broken up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted form—instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context.

Expressionism was a cultural movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Germany at the start of the 20th century. Expressionist artists sought to express the meaning of " being alive" and emotional experience rather than physical reality. Expressionism emerged as an 'avant-garde movement' in poetry and painting before the First World War; in the Weimar years was being appreciated by a mass audience, having its popularity peak in Berlin, during the 1920s.

Expressionism is exhibited in many art forms, including: painting, literature, theatre, dance, film, architecture and music.

Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists whose independent exhibitions brought them to prominence in the 1870s and 1880s. The name of the movement is derived from the title of a Claude Monet work, Impression, Sunrise (Impression, soleil levant), which provoked the critic Louis Leroy to coin the term in a satiric review.

Characteristics of Impressionist paintings include visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, the inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience, and unusual visual angles.

EMOTIONS AND FEELINGS

Vocabulary

To feel good – чувствовать себя хорошо

To feel fine – чувствовать себя прекрасно

To feel great – чувствовать себя замечательно

To feel pride and joy – чувствовать гордость и радость

To be bright and happy – быть радостным и счастливым

To be in a good mood – быть в хорошем настроении

To feel bad – чувствовать себя плохо

To feel uneasy – чувствовать себя скованно

To feel anxious – ощущать обеспокоенность

To feel lonely – чувствовать себя одиноким

To feel scared – чувствовать страх

To feel miserable – чувствовать себя несчастным

To feel guilty – чувствовать вину

To feel put upon – чувствовать себя обманутым

To be upset – быть расстроенным

To be tense and jumpy – быть напряженным и нервным

To be furious – быть взбешенным

To be in a bad temper – быть в плохом настроении

Read the following text and translate it.

Anger is normal. Or is it?

In terms of frequency of expression, anger is normal. It exists everywhere and is in all of us. But most teachers and parents find it difficult to accept anger as normal and inevitable. The real issue for the teacher and parent becomes the question of how to deal with anger in oneself.

The pressures on us to control or hide our anger are very powerful. Teachers ask, “Will this be held against me as a sign of incompetence or immaturity? ” Other concerns are: “What will the kids tell their parents? ” and “Will this get back to the principal? ” Teachers, in addition, have real concern for their children: “Will a child become frightened? Will it damage him in some way? ” or, even more upsetting, “Will the child get angry at me, become rebellious, and no longer like me as a teacher? ”

These concerns are so real that most teachers try to hide their anger. The results of this are quite predictable: at best the teacher who is straining to keep in anger is tense, irritable, and impatient; at worst the anger slips out in sarcasm or explodes in a rage of accumulated fury.

Some teachers report that they never get angry in the classroom. In further discussions with teachers regarding situations or behavior which typically arouses anger some teachers recognize all the signs of anger, but actually did not feel anger in the classroom. But usually an observer or the children in the classroom recognize the signs of anger. Certain teachers are more successful at hiding anger, but unless anger is in a mild form, it will be out one day or another.

How do children react to anger? All of us, as we recall our own childhood experiences in school, can remember instances of teachers expressing anger in the classroom. Through children frequently face anger from adults, they do not always adjust to it in ways that foster their own growth and learning. Teachers report that children often react with confusion; they’re bothered, or their faces appear troubled. Some children are especially sensitive and hurt at the teacher’s anger, and a few children are even frightened. Sarcasm or biting remarks that touch areas of special concern for children can be remembered with special misery for many years.

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