Глава 12: Города, промышленность, рабочий класс

** J. Purs, «The working class movement in the Czech lands», Historica, X (1965), P. 70.

^M. May, Die Arbeitsfrage (1848) cited in R. Engelsing, «Zur politischen Bildung der deutschen Unterschichten, 1789‑1863» Hist. Ztschr. 206, 2 (April 1968), p. 356.

^ Letters and Private Papers of W. M. Thackeray, ed. Gordon N. Ray, II, 356 (London 1945).

J. Purs, «The industrial revolution in the Czech Lands», Historica, II (1960), pp. 210 and 220.

** Cited in H. J. Dyos and M. Wolff (eds.) The Victorian City (London and Boston 1973), I, p. 110.

** Dyos and Wolff, op. cit.. I, p. 5.

A. F. Weber (1898) cited in Dyos and Wolff, op. cit.. I, p. 7.

·* H. Croon, «Die Versorgung der Staedte des Ruhrgebietes im 19. u. 20. Jahrhundert» (mimeo) (International Congress of Economic History 1965), p. 2.

** Dyos and Wolff, op. cit.. I, p. 341.

L. Henneaux‑Depooter, Misires et Luttes Sociales dans le Hainaut

1860‑96 (Brussels 1959), p. 117; Dyos and Wolff, op. cit., p. 134.

“* G. Fr. Kolb, Handbuch der vergleichenden Statistik (Leipzig 1879).

Dyos and Wolff, op. cit.. I, p. 424.

Dyos and Wolff, op. cit.. I, p. 326.

Dyos and Wolff, op. cit.. I, p. 379.

J. H. Clapham, An Economic History of Modern Britain (Cambridge 1932), II, pp. 116‑17.

“* Erich Maschke, Es entsteht ein Konzem (Tubingen 1969).

R. Ehrenberg, Krupp‑Studien (Thiinen‑Archiv II, Jena, 1906‑9), p. 203; C. Fohlen, The Fontana Economic History of Europe, 4: The Emergence of Industrial Societies (London 1973), I, p. 60; J. P. Rioux, La Revolution Industrielle (Paris 1971), p. 163.

“* G. Neppi Modona, Sciopero, potere politico e magistratura 1870‑1922 (Bari 1969), p. 51.

*** P. J. Proudhon, Manuel du Speculateur d la Bourse (Paris 1857), pp. 429 ff.

B. Gille, The Fontana Economic History of Europe, 3: The Industrial Resolution (London 1973), p. 278.

”* J. Kocka, «Industrielles Management: Konzeptionen und Modelle vor 1914», Vierteljahrschrifl pr Sozial – und Wirtschafisgesch. 56/3 (October 1969), p. 336, quoting from ETaannghaus,Allgemeine Gewerbslehre.

P. Pierrard, «Poesie et chanson ... a Lille sous le 2e Empire», Revue du Nord, 46 (1964), p. 400.

G. D. H. Cole and Raymond Postgate, Jbe Common People (London 1946), p. 368.

H. Mottek, WirtschaftsgescMchte Deutschlands (East Berlin 1973), II, p. 235.

E. Waugh, Home Life of the Lancashire Factory Folk during the Cotton Famine (London 1867), p. 13.

M. Anderson, Family Structure in Nineteenth Century Lancashire (Cambridge 1973). p. 31.

O. Handlin (ed.) Immigration as a Factor in American History (Englewood Cliffs 1959), pp. 66‑7.

J. Hagan and C. Fisher, «Piece‑work and some of its consequences in the printing and coal mining industries in Australia, 1850‑1930», Labour History, 25 (November 1973), p. 26.

A. Plessis,De la fate imp0riale au mur des Fideris (Paris 1973), p. 157.

*** E. Schwiedland, Kleingewerbe uber Hausindustrie in Osterreich (Leipzig 1894), II, pp. 264‑5 and 284‑5.

J. Saville and J. Bellamy (eds.). Dictionary of Labour Biography,

I. p. 17.

“‘Engelsing, op. cit., p. 364.

Rudolf Braun, Sozialer und kultureller Wandel in einem landlichen Industriegebiet im 19. u. 20. Jahrhundert (Erlenbach‑Ziirich and Stuttgart 1965), p. 139, uses this term specifically for the period. His invaluable books (see also Industrialisierung und Volksleben [I960]) cannot be recommended too highly.

Industrial Remuneration Conference (London 1885), p. 27.

Industrial Remuneration Conference, pp. 89‑90.

Beatrice Webb, My Apprenticeship (Harmondsworth 1938), pp. 189 and 195.

Industrial Remuneration Conference, pp. 27 and 30.

Глава 13: Мир буржуазии

*’ Cited in L. Trenard, «Un Industriel roubaisien du XIX siecle». Легме du Nord, 50 (1968), p. 38.

^ Martin Tupper, Proverbial Philosophy (1876).

^ See Emanie Sachs, The Terrible Siren (New York 1928), especially pp. 174‑5.

^ G. von Mayr, Statistik und Gesellschqftslehre III Sozialstatistik, Erste Lieferung (Tiibingen 1909), pp. 43‑5. For the unreliability of statistics on prostitution, ibid. (5. Lieferung), p. 988. For the strong relationship of prostitution and venereal infection, Gunilla Johansson, «Prostitution in Stockholm in the latter part of the 19th century» (mimeo) (1974). For estimates of the prevalence and mortality from syphilis in France, see T. Zeldin, France 1848‑1945 (Oxford 1974), I, pp. 304‑6.

The freedom of visiting American girls is noted in the relevant section of the chapter on foreigners in Paris in the superb Paris Guide 1867 (2 vols).

*’ For Cuba, Verena Martinez Alier, «Elopement and seduction in 19th century Cuba», Past and Present, 55 (May 1972); for the American South E. Genovese, Roll Jordan Roll (New York 1974), pp. 413‑30 and R. W. Fogel and Stanley Engermann, op. cit.

From the «Maxims for Revolutionists» in Man and Superman: «А moder‑ ately honest man with a moderately faithful wife, moderate drinkers both, in a moderately healthy house: that is the true middle class unit».

** Zunkel, op. cit., p. 320.

** Zunkel, op. cit., p. 526 n. 59.

*®*Tupper, op. cit.: «Of Home», p. 361.

“‘Tupper, loc. cit., p. 362.

John Ruskin, «Fors Clarigera», in E. T. Cook and A. Wedderbum (eds.). Collected Works (London and New York 1903‑12), vol. 27, letter 34.

“‘Tupper, op. cit.: «Of Marriage», p. 118.

H. Bolitho (ed.). Further Letters of Queen Victoria (London 1938), p. 49.

«My opinion is that if a woman is obliged to work, at once (although she may be a Christian and well bred) she loses the peculiar position which the word lady conventionally designates» (Letter to the EnglishwQman’s Journal, VIII (1866), p. 59).

“* Trenard, op. cit., pp. 38 and 42.

”* Tupper, op. cit.: «Of Joy», p. 133.

J. Lambert‑Dansette, «Le Patronat du Nord. Sa p6riode triomphante», in Bulletin de la Societe d’histoire modeme et contemporaire, 14, Serie 18 (1971), p. 12.

*** Charlotte Erickson, British Industrialists: Steel and Hosiery, 1850‑1950 (Cambridge 1959).

“*H. Kellenbenz, «Unternehmertum in Siidwestdeutschland», Tradition, 10, 4 (August 1965), pp. 183 ff.

Nouvelle Biographie Genirale (1861); articles: Koechlin, p. 954.

C. Pucheu, «Les Grands notables de l’Agglom6ration Bordelaise du milieu du XIXe sifecle к nos jours». Revue d ’histoire economique et sociale, 45 (1967), p. 493.

P. Guillaume, «La Fortune Bordelaise au milieu du XIX siecle». Revue d’histoire economique et sociale, 43 (1965), pp. 331, 332, and 351.

^*E. Gruner, «Quelques reflexions sur Г elite politique dans la

Confederation tion Helvetique depuis 1848», Revue d’histoire economique et sociale, 44 (1966), pp. 145 if.

B. Verhaegen, «Le groupe Liberal a la Chambre Beige (1847‑1852)», Revue Beige de Philologie et d’histoire, 47 (1969), 3‑4, pp. 1176 ff.

Lambert‑Dansette, op. cit., p. 9.

Lambert‑Dansette, op. cit., p. 8; V. E. Chancellor (ed.). Master and Artisan in Victorian England (London 1969), p. 7.

“* Serge Hutin, Les Francs‑Magons (Paris 1960), pp. 103 ff. and 114 ff. P. Chevallier, Histoire de la Francmagonnerie francaise, II (Paris 1974). For the Iberian world, the judgement: «The Freemasonry ofthat period was nothing but the universal conspiracy of the revolutionary middle class against feudal, monarchical and divine tyranny. It was the International of that class», cited in Iris M. Zayaldi, Masones, Comunerosy Carbonarios (ΙΛίΔήά 1971), p.

192.

T. Mundt, Die neuen Bestrebungen zu einer wirtschafilichen Reform der unteren Volksklassen (1855), cited in Zunkel, op. cit., p. 327.

Rolande Тгетрё, «Contribution a I’etude de la psychologic patronale: le comportement des administrateurs de la Societ6 des Mines de Carmaux (1856‑1914)», Mouvement Social, 43 (1963), p. 66.

John Ruskin, Modern Painters, cited in W. E. Houghton, The Victorian Frame of Mind (Newhaven 1957), p. 116. Samuel Smiles, Self Help (1859), chapter II, pp. 359‑60.

John Ruskin, «Traffic», ТЪе Crown of Wild Olives, (1866) Works 18, p. 453.

Тгетрё, op. cit., p. 73.

W. L. Burn, The Age of Equipoise (London 1964), p. 244 n.

H. Ashworth in 1853‑4, cited in Burn, op. cit., p. 243.

Η. и. WeMer, Bismarck und der Imperialismus (Cologne‑Berlin

1969), p. 431.

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